1: % url.sty ver 1.2 19-Oct-1996 Donald Arseneau asnd@triumf.ca
2: %
3: % A form of \verb that allows linebreaks at certain characters or
4: % combinations of characters, accepts reconfiguration, and can usually
5: % be used in the argument to another command. It is intended for email
6: % addresses, hypertext links, directories/paths, etc., which normally
7: % have no spaces. The font may be selected using the \urlstyle command,
8: % and new url-like commands can be defined using \urldef.
9: %
10: % Usage: Conditions:
11: % \url{ } If the argument contains any "%", "#", or "^^", or ends with
12: % "\", it can't be used in the argument to another command.
13: % The argument must not contain unbalanced braces.
14: % \url| | ...where "|" is any character not used in the argument and not
15: % "{". The same restrictions as above except that the argument
16: % may contain unbalanced braces.
17: % \xyz for "\xyz" a defined-url; this can be used anywhere, no matter
18: % what characters it contains.
19: %
20: % See further instructions after "\endinput"
21: %
22: \def\Url@ttdo{% style assignments for tt fonts or T1 encoding
23: \def\UrlBreaks{\do\.\do\@\do\\\do\/\do\!\do\_\do\|\do\%\do\;\do\>\do\]%
24: \do\)\do\,\do\?\do\'\do\+\do\=}%
25: \def\UrlBigBreaks{\do\:\do@url@hyp}%
26: \def\UrlNoBreaks{\do\(\do\[\do\{\do\<}% (unnecessary)
27: \def\UrlSpecials{\do\ {\ }}%
28: \def\UrlOrds{\do\*\do\-\do\~}% any ordinary characters that aren't usually
29: }
30: \def\Url@do{% style assignments for OT1 fonts except tt
31: \def\UrlBreaks{\do\.\do\@\do\/\do\!\do\%\do\;\do\]\do\)\do\,\do\?\do\+\do\=}%
32: \def\UrlBigBreaks{\do\:\do@url@hyp}%
33: \def\UrlNoBreaks{\do\(\do\[\do\{}% prevents breaks after *next* character
34: \def\UrlSpecials{\do\<{\langle}\do\>{\mathbin{\rangle}}\do\_{\_%
35: \penalty\@m}\do\|{\mid}\do\{{\lbrace}\do\}{\mathbin{\rbrace}}\do
36: \\{\mathbin{\backslash}}\do\~{\mathord{{}^{\textstyle\sim}}}\do\ {\ }}%
37: \def\UrlOrds{\do\'\do\"\do\-}%
38: }
39: \def\url@ttstyle{%
40: \@ifundefined{selectfont}{\def\UrlFont{\tt}}{\def\UrlFont{\ttfamily}}\Url@ttdo
41: }
42: \def\url@rmstyle{%
43: \@ifundefined{selectfont}{\def\UrlFont{\rm}}{\def\UrlFont{\rmfamily}}\Url@do
44: }
45: \def\url@sfstyle{%
46: \@ifundefined{selectfont}{\def\UrlFont{\sf}}{\def\UrlFont{\sffamily}}\Url@do
47: }
48: \def\url@samestyle{\ifdim\fontdimen\thr@@\font=\z@ \url@ttstyle \else
49: \url@rmstyle \fi \def\UrlFont{}}
50:
51: \@ifundefined{strip@prefix}{\def\strip@prefix#1>{}}{}
52: \@ifundefined{verbatim@nolig@list}{\def\verbatim@nolig@list{\do\`}}{}
53:
54: \def\Url{\relax\ifmmode\@nomatherr$\fi
55: \UrlFont $\fam\z@ \textfont\z@\font
56: \let\do\@makeother \dospecials % verbatim catcodes
57: \catcode`{\@ne \catcode`}\tw@ % except braces
58: \medmuskip0mu \thickmuskip\medmuskip \thinmuskip\medmuskip
59: \@tempcnta\fam\multiply\@tempcnta\@cclvi
60: \let\do\set@mathcode \UrlOrds % ordinary characters that were special
61: \advance\@tempcnta 8192 \UrlBreaks % bin
62: \advance\@tempcnta 4096 \UrlBigBreaks % rel
63: \advance\@tempcnta 4096 \UrlNoBreaks % open
64: \let\do\set@mathact \UrlSpecials % active
65: \let\do\set@mathnolig \verbatim@nolig@list % prevent ligatures
66: \@ifnextchar\bgroup\Url@z\Url@y}
67:
68: \def\Url@y#1{\catcode`{11 \catcode`}11
69: \def\@tempa##1#1{\Url@z{##1}}\@tempa}
70: \def\Url@z#1{\def\@tempa{#1}\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\Url@Hook
71: \expandafter\strip@prefix\meaning\@tempa\UrlRight\m@th$\endgroup}
72: \def\Url@Hook{\UrlLeft}
73: \let\UrlRight\@empty
74: \let\UrlLeft\@empty
75:
76: \def\set@mathcode#1{\count@`#1\advance\count@\@tempcnta\mathcode`#1\count@}
77: \def\set@mathact#1#2{\mathcode`#132768 \lccode`\~`#1\lowercase{\def~{#2}}}
78: \def\set@mathnolig#1{\ifnum\mathcode`#1<32768
79: \lccode`\~`#1\lowercase{\edef~{\mathchar\number\mathcode`#1_{\/}}}%
80: \mathcode`#132768 \fi}
81:
82: \def\urldef#1#2{\begingroup \setbox\z@\hbox\bgroup
83: \def\Url@z{\Url@def{#1}{#2}}#2}
84: \expandafter\ifx\csname DeclareRobustCommand\endcsname\relax
85: \def\Url@def#1#2#3{\m@th$\endgroup\egroup\endgroup
86: \def#1{#2{#3}}}
87: \else
88: \def\Url@def#1#2#3{\m@th$\endgroup\egroup\endgroup
89: \DeclareRobustCommand{#1}{#2{#3}}}
90: \fi
91:
92: \def\urlstyle#1{\csname url@#1style\endcsname}
93:
94: % Sample (and default) configuration:
95: %
96: \newcommand\url{\begingroup \Url}
97: %
98: \newcommand\path{\begingroup \urlstyle{tt}\Url}
99: %
100: % too many styles define \email like \address, so I will not define it.
101: % \newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{rm}\Url}
102:
103: % Process LaTeX \package options
104: %
105: \urlstyle{tt}
106: \let\Url@sppen\@M
107: \def\do@url@hyp{}% by default, no breaks after hyphens
108:
109: \@ifundefined{ProvidesPackage}{}{
110: \ProvidesPackage{url}[1996/10/19 \space ver 1.2 \space
111: Verb mode for urls, email addresses, and file names]
112: \DeclareOption{hyphens}{\def\do@url@hyp{\do\-}}% allow breaks after hyphens
113: \DeclareOption{obeyspaces}{\let\Url@Hook\relax}% a flag for later
114: \DeclareOption{spaces}{\let\Url@sppen\relpenalty}
115: \DeclareOption{T1}{\let\Url@do\Url@ttdo}
116: \ProcessOptions
117: \ifx\Url@Hook\relax % [obeyspaces] was declared
118: \def\Url@Hook#1\UrlRight\m@th{\edef\@tempa{\noexpand\UrlLeft
119: \Url@retain#1\Url@nosp\, }\@tempa\UrlRight\m@th}
120: \def\Url@retain#1 {#1\penalty\Url@sppen\ \Url@retain}
121: \def\Url@nosp\,#1\Url@retain{}
122: \fi
123: }
124:
125: \endinput
126: %
127: % url.sty ver 1.2 19-Oct-1996 Donald Arseneau asnd@reg.triumf.ca
128: %
129: % This package defines "\url", a form of "\verb" that allows linebreaks,
130: % and can often be used in the argument to another command. It can be
131: % configured to print in different formats, and is particularly useful for
132: % hypertext links, email addresses, directories/paths, etc. The font may
133: % be selected using the "\urlstyle" command and pre-defined text can be
134: % stored with the "\urldef" command. New url-like commands can be defined,
135: % and a "\path" command is provided this way.
136: %
137: % Usage: Conditions:
138: % \url{ } If the argument contains any "%", "#", or "^^", or ends with
139: % "\", it can't be used in the argument to another command.
140: % The argument must not contain unbalanced braces.
141: % \url| | ...where "|" is any character not used in the argument and not
142: % "{". The same restrictions as above except that the argument
143: % may contain unbalanced braces.
144: % \xyz for "\xyz" a defined-url; this can be used anywhere, no matter
145: % what characters it contains.
146: %
147: % The "\url" command is fragile, and its argument is likely to be very
148: % fragile, but a defined-url is robust.
149: %
150: % Package Option: obeyspaces
151: % Ordinarily, all spaces are ignored in the url-text. The "[obeyspaces]"
152: % option allows spaces, but may introduce spurious spaces when a url
153: % containing "\" characters is given in the argument to another command.
154: % So if you need to obey spaces you can say "\usepackage[obeyspaces]{url}",
155: % and if you need both spaces and backslashes, use a `defined-url' for
156: % anything with "\".
157: %
158: % Package Option: hyphens
159: % Ordinarily, breaks are not allowed after "-" characters because this
160: % leads to confusion. (Is the "-" part of the address or just a hyphen?)
161: % The package option "[hyphens]" allows breaks after explicit hyphen
162: % characters. The "\url" command will *never ever* hyphenate words.
163: %
164: % Package Option: spaces
165: % Likewise, breaks are not usually allowed after spaces under the
166: % "[obeyspaces]" option, but giving the options "[obeyspaces,spaces]"
167: % will allow breaks at those spaces.
168: %
169: % Package Option: T1
170: % This signifies that you will be using T1-encoded fonts which contain
171: % some characters missing from most older (OT1) encoded TeX fonts. This
172: % changes the default definition for "\urlstyle{rm}".
173: %
174: % Defining a defined-url:
175: % Take for example the email address "myself%node@gateway.net" which could
176: % not be given (using "\url" or "\verb") in a caption or parbox due to the
177: % percent sign. This address can be predefined with
178: % \urldef{\myself}\url{myself%node@gateway.net} or
179: % \urldef{\myself}\url|myself%node@gateway.net|
180: % and then you may use "\myself" instead of "\url{myself%node@gateway.net}"
181: % in an argument, and even in a moving argument like a caption because a
182: % defined-url is robust.
183: %
184: % Style:
185: % You can switch the style of printing using "\urlstyle{tt}", where "tt"
186: % can be any defined style. The pre-defined styles are "tt", "rm", "sf",
187: % and "same" which all allow the same linebreaks but different fonts --
188: % the first three select a specific font and the "same" style uses the
189: % current text font. You can define your own styles with different fonts
190: % and/or line-breaking by following the explanations below. The "\url"
191: % command follows whatever the currently-set style dictates.
192: %
193: % Alternate commands:
194: % It may be desireable to have different things treated differently, each
195: % in a predefined style; e.g., if you want directory paths to always be
196: % in tt and email addresses to be rm, then you would define new url-like
197: % commands as follows:
198: %
199: % \newcommand\email{\begingroup \urlstyle{rm}\Url}
200: % \newcommand\directory{\begingroup \urlstyle{tt}\Url}
201: %
202: % You must follow this format closely, and NOTE that the final command is
203: % "\Url", not "\url". In fact, the "\directory" example is exactly the
204: % "\path" definition which is pre-defined in the package. If you look
205: % above, you will see that "\url" is defined with
206: % \newcommand\url{\begingroup \Url}
207: % I.e., using whatever url-style has been selected.
208: %
209: % You can make a defined-url for these other styles, using the usual
210: % "\urldef" command as in this example:
211: %
212: % \urldef{\myself}{\email}{myself%node.domain@gateway.net}
213: %
214: % which makes "\myself" act like "\email{myself%node.domain@gateway.net}",
215: % if the "\email" command is defined as above. The "\myself" command
216: % would then be robust.
217: %
218: % Defining styles:
219: % Before describing how to customize the printing style, it is best to
220: % mention something about the unusual implementation of "\url". Although
221: % the material is textual in nature, and the font specification required
222: % is a text-font command, the text is actually typeset in *math* mode.
223: % This allows the context-sensitive linebreaking, but also accounts for
224: % the default behavior of ignoring spaces. Now on to defining styles.
225: %
226: % To change the font or the list of characters that allow linebreaks, you
227: % could redefine the commands "\UrlFont", "\UrlBreaks", "\UrlSpecials" etc.
228: % directly in the document, but it is better to define a new `url-style'
229: % (following the example of "\url@ttstyle" and "\url@rmstyle") which defines
230: % all of "\UrlBigbreaks", "\UrlNoBreaks", "\UrlBreaks", "\UrlSpecials", and
231: % "\UrlFont".
232: %
233: % Changing font:
234: % The "\UrlFont" command selects the font. The definition of "\UrlFont"
235: % done by the pre-defined styles varies to cope with a variety of LaTeX
236: % font selection schemes, but it could be as simple as "\def\UrlFont{\tt}".
237: % Depending on the font selected, some characters may need to be defined
238: % in the "\UrlSpecials" list because many fonts don't contain all the
239: % standard input characters.
240: %
241: % Changing linebreaks:
242: % The list of characters that allow line-breaks is given by "\UrlBreaks"
243: % and "\UrlBigBreaks", which have the format "\do\c" for character "c".
244: % The differences are that `BigBreaks' have a lower penalty and have
245: % different breakpoints when in sequence (as in "http://"): `BigBreaks'
246: % are treated as mathrels while `Breaks' are mathbins (see The TeXbook,
247: % p.170). In particular, a series of `BigBreak' characters will break at
248: % the end and only at the end; a series of `Break' characters will break
249: % after the first and after every following *pair*; there will be no
250: % break after a `Break' character if a `BigBreak' follows. In the case
251: % of "http://" it doesn't matter whether ":" is a `Break' or `BigBreak' --
252: % the breaks are the same in either case; but for DECnet nodes with "::"
253: % it is important to prevent breaks *between* the colons, and that is why
254: % colons are `BigBreaks'.
255: %
256: % It is possible for characters to prevent breaks after the next following
257: % character (I use this for parentheses). Specify these in "\UrlNoBreaks".
258: %
259: % You can do arbitrarily complex things with characters by making them
260: % active in math mode (mathcode hex-8000) and specifying the definition(s)
261: % in "\UrlSpecials". This is used in the rm and sf styles for OT1 font
262: % encoding to handle several characters that are not present in those
263: % computer-modern style fonts. See the definition of "\Url@do", which
264: % is used by both "\url@rmstyle" and "\url@sfstyle"; it handles missing
265: % characters via "\UrlSpecials". The nominal format for setting each
266: % special character "c" is: "\do\c{<definition>}", but you can include
267: % other definitions too.
268: %
269: %
270: % If all this sounds confusing ... well, it is! But I hope you won't need
271: % to redefine breakpoints -- the default assignments seem to work well for
272: % a wide variety of applications. If you do need to make changes, you can
273: % test for breakpoints using regular math mode and the characters "+=(a".
274: %
275: % Yet more flexibility:
276: % You can also customize the verbatim text by defining "\UrlRight" and/or
277: % "\UrlLeft", e.g., for ISO formatting of urls surrounded by "< >", define
278: %
279: % \renewcommand\url{\begingroup \def\UrlLeft{<url: }\def\UrlRight{>}%
280: % \urlstyle{tt}\Url}
281: %
282: % The meanings of "\UrlLeft" and "\UrlRight" are *not* reproduced verbatim.
283: % This lets you use formatting commands there, but you must be careful not
284: % to use TeX's special characters ("\^_%~#$&{}" etc.) improperly.
285: % You can also define "\UrlLeft" to reprocess the verbatim text, but the
286: % format of the definition is special:
287: %
288: % \def\UrlLeft#1\UrlRight{ ... do things with #1 ... }
289: %
290: % Yes, that is "#1" followed by "\UrlRight" then the definition. For
291: % example, to put a hyperTeX hypertext link in the DVI file:
292: %
293: % \def\UrlLeft#1\UrlRight{\special{html:<a href="#1">}#1\special{html:</a>}}
294: %
295: % Revision History:
296: % ver 1.1 6-Feb-1996:
297: % Fix hyphens that wouldn't break and ligatures that weren't suppressed.
298: % ver 1.2 19-Oct-1996:
299: % Package option for T1 encoding; Hooks: "\UrlLeft" and "\UrlRight".
300: %
301: % The End
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