1: /*
2: * iperf, Copyright (c) 2014-2020, The Regents of the University of
3: * California, through Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (subject
4: * to receipt of any required approvals from the U.S. Dept. of
5: * Energy). All rights reserved.
6: *
7: * If you have questions about your rights to use or distribute this
8: * software, please contact Berkeley Lab's Technology Transfer
9: * Department at TTD@lbl.gov.
10: *
11: * NOTICE. This software is owned by the U.S. Department of Energy.
12: * As such, the U.S. Government has been granted for itself and others
13: * acting on its behalf a paid-up, nonexclusive, irrevocable,
14: * worldwide license in the Software to reproduce, prepare derivative
15: * works, and perform publicly and display publicly. Beginning five
16: * (5) years after the date permission to assert copyright is obtained
17: * from the U.S. Department of Energy, and subject to any subsequent
18: * five (5) year renewals, the U.S. Government is granted for itself
19: * and others acting on its behalf a paid-up, nonexclusive,
20: * irrevocable, worldwide license in the Software to reproduce,
21: * prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, perform
22: * publicly and display publicly, and to permit others to do so.
23: *
24: * This code is distributed under a BSD style license, see the LICENSE
25: * file for complete information.
26: */
27: #include <stdio.h>
28: #include <stdlib.h>
29: #include <string.h>
30: #include <errno.h>
31: #include <unistd.h>
32: #include <assert.h>
33: #include <arpa/inet.h>
34: #include <sys/socket.h>
35: #include <sys/types.h>
36: #include <netinet/in.h>
37: #ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
38: #include <stdint.h>
39: #endif
40: #include <sys/time.h>
41: #include <sys/select.h>
42:
43: #include "iperf.h"
44: #include "iperf_api.h"
45: #include "iperf_util.h"
46: #include "iperf_udp.h"
47: #include "timer.h"
48: #include "net.h"
49: #include "cjson.h"
50: #include "portable_endian.h"
51:
52: #if defined(HAVE_INTTYPES_H)
53: # include <inttypes.h>
54: #else
55: # ifndef PRIu64
56: # if sizeof(long) == 8
57: # define PRIu64 "lu"
58: # else
59: # define PRIu64 "llu"
60: # endif
61: # endif
62: #endif
63:
64: /* iperf_udp_recv
65: *
66: * receives the data for UDP
67: */
68: int
69: iperf_udp_recv(struct iperf_stream *sp)
70: {
71: uint32_t sec, usec;
72: uint64_t pcount;
73: int r;
74: int size = sp->settings->blksize;
75: int first_packet = 0;
76: double transit = 0, d = 0;
77: struct iperf_time sent_time, arrival_time, temp_time;
78:
79: r = Nread(sp->socket, sp->buffer, size, Pudp);
80:
81: /*
82: * If we got an error in the read, or if we didn't read anything
83: * because the underlying read(2) got a EAGAIN, then skip packet
84: * processing.
85: */
86: if (r <= 0)
87: return r;
88:
89: /* Only count bytes received while we're in the correct state. */
90: if (sp->test->state == TEST_RUNNING) {
91:
92: /*
93: * For jitter computation below, it's important to know if this
94: * packet is the first packet received.
95: */
96: if (sp->result->bytes_received == 0) {
97: first_packet = 1;
98: }
99:
100: sp->result->bytes_received += r;
101: sp->result->bytes_received_this_interval += r;
102:
103: /* Dig the various counters out of the incoming UDP packet */
104: if (sp->test->udp_counters_64bit) {
105: memcpy(&sec, sp->buffer, sizeof(sec));
106: memcpy(&usec, sp->buffer+4, sizeof(usec));
107: memcpy(&pcount, sp->buffer+8, sizeof(pcount));
108: sec = ntohl(sec);
109: usec = ntohl(usec);
110: pcount = be64toh(pcount);
111: sent_time.secs = sec;
112: sent_time.usecs = usec;
113: }
114: else {
115: uint32_t pc;
116: memcpy(&sec, sp->buffer, sizeof(sec));
117: memcpy(&usec, sp->buffer+4, sizeof(usec));
118: memcpy(&pc, sp->buffer+8, sizeof(pc));
119: sec = ntohl(sec);
120: usec = ntohl(usec);
121: pcount = ntohl(pc);
122: sent_time.secs = sec;
123: sent_time.usecs = usec;
124: }
125:
126: if (sp->test->debug)
127: fprintf(stderr, "pcount %" PRIu64 " packet_count %d\n", pcount, sp->packet_count);
128:
129: /*
130: * Try to handle out of order packets. The way we do this
131: * uses a constant amount of storage but might not be
132: * correct in all cases. In particular we seem to have the
133: * assumption that packets can't be duplicated in the network,
134: * because duplicate packets will possibly cause some problems here.
135: *
136: * First figure out if the sequence numbers are going forward.
137: * Note that pcount is the sequence number read from the packet,
138: * and sp->packet_count is the highest sequence number seen so
139: * far (so we're expecting to see the packet with sequence number
140: * sp->packet_count + 1 arrive next).
141: */
142: if (pcount >= sp->packet_count + 1) {
143:
144: /* Forward, but is there a gap in sequence numbers? */
145: if (pcount > sp->packet_count + 1) {
146: /* There's a gap so count that as a loss. */
147: sp->cnt_error += (pcount - 1) - sp->packet_count;
148: }
149: /* Update the highest sequence number seen so far. */
150: sp->packet_count = pcount;
151: } else {
152:
153: /*
154: * Sequence number went backward (or was stationary?!?).
155: * This counts as an out-of-order packet.
156: */
157: sp->outoforder_packets++;
158:
159: /*
160: * If we have lost packets, then the fact that we are now
161: * seeing an out-of-order packet offsets a prior sequence
162: * number gap that was counted as a loss. So we can take
163: * away a loss.
164: */
165: if (sp->cnt_error > 0)
166: sp->cnt_error--;
167:
168: /* Log the out-of-order packet */
169: if (sp->test->debug)
170: fprintf(stderr, "OUT OF ORDER - incoming packet sequence %" PRIu64 " but expected sequence %d on stream %d", pcount, sp->packet_count + 1, sp->socket);
171: }
172:
173: /*
174: * jitter measurement
175: *
176: * This computation is based on RFC 1889 (specifically
177: * sections 6.3.1 and A.8).
178: *
179: * Note that synchronized clocks are not required since
180: * the source packet delta times are known. Also this
181: * computation does not require knowing the round-trip
182: * time.
183: */
184: iperf_time_now(&arrival_time);
185:
186: iperf_time_diff(&arrival_time, &sent_time, &temp_time);
187: transit = iperf_time_in_secs(&temp_time);
188:
189: /* Hack to handle the first packet by initializing prev_transit. */
190: if (first_packet)
191: sp->prev_transit = transit;
192:
193: d = transit - sp->prev_transit;
194: if (d < 0)
195: d = -d;
196: sp->prev_transit = transit;
197: sp->jitter += (d - sp->jitter) / 16.0;
198: }
199: else {
200: if (sp->test->debug)
201: printf("Late receive, state = %d\n", sp->test->state);
202: }
203:
204: return r;
205: }
206:
207:
208: /* iperf_udp_send
209: *
210: * sends the data for UDP
211: */
212: int
213: iperf_udp_send(struct iperf_stream *sp)
214: {
215: int r;
216: int size = sp->settings->blksize;
217: struct iperf_time before;
218:
219: iperf_time_now(&before);
220:
221: ++sp->packet_count;
222:
223: if (sp->test->udp_counters_64bit) {
224:
225: uint32_t sec, usec;
226: uint64_t pcount;
227:
228: sec = htonl(before.secs);
229: usec = htonl(before.usecs);
230: pcount = htobe64(sp->packet_count);
231:
232: memcpy(sp->buffer, &sec, sizeof(sec));
233: memcpy(sp->buffer+4, &usec, sizeof(usec));
234: memcpy(sp->buffer+8, &pcount, sizeof(pcount));
235:
236: }
237: else {
238:
239: uint32_t sec, usec, pcount;
240:
241: sec = htonl(before.secs);
242: usec = htonl(before.usecs);
243: pcount = htonl(sp->packet_count);
244:
245: memcpy(sp->buffer, &sec, sizeof(sec));
246: memcpy(sp->buffer+4, &usec, sizeof(usec));
247: memcpy(sp->buffer+8, &pcount, sizeof(pcount));
248:
249: }
250:
251: r = Nwrite(sp->socket, sp->buffer, size, Pudp);
252:
253: if (r < 0)
254: return r;
255:
256: sp->result->bytes_sent += r;
257: sp->result->bytes_sent_this_interval += r;
258:
259: if (sp->test->debug)
260: printf("sent %d bytes of %d, total %" PRIu64 "\n", r, sp->settings->blksize, sp->result->bytes_sent);
261:
262: return r;
263: }
264:
265:
266: /**************************************************************************/
267:
268: /*
269: * The following functions all have to do with managing UDP data sockets.
270: * UDP of course is connectionless, so there isn't really a concept of
271: * setting up a connection, although connect(2) can (and is) used to
272: * bind the remote end of sockets. We need to simulate some of the
273: * connection management that is built-in to TCP so that each side of the
274: * connection knows about each other before the real data transfers begin.
275: */
276:
277: /*
278: * Set and verify socket buffer sizes.
279: * Return 0 if no error, -1 if an error, +1 if socket buffers are
280: * potentially too small to hold a message.
281: */
282: int
283: iperf_udp_buffercheck(struct iperf_test *test, int s)
284: {
285: int rc = 0;
286: int sndbuf_actual, rcvbuf_actual;
287:
288: /*
289: * Set socket buffer size if requested. Do this for both sending and
290: * receiving so that we can cover both normal and --reverse operation.
291: */
292: int opt;
293: socklen_t optlen;
294:
295: if ((opt = test->settings->socket_bufsize)) {
296: if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &opt, sizeof(opt)) < 0) {
297: i_errno = IESETBUF;
298: return -1;
299: }
300: if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &opt, sizeof(opt)) < 0) {
301: i_errno = IESETBUF;
302: return -1;
303: }
304: }
305:
306: /* Read back and verify the sender socket buffer size */
307: optlen = sizeof(sndbuf_actual);
308: if (getsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_SNDBUF, &sndbuf_actual, &optlen) < 0) {
309: i_errno = IESETBUF;
310: return -1;
311: }
312: if (test->debug) {
313: printf("SNDBUF is %u, expecting %u\n", sndbuf_actual, test->settings->socket_bufsize);
314: }
315: if (test->settings->socket_bufsize && test->settings->socket_bufsize > sndbuf_actual) {
316: i_errno = IESETBUF2;
317: return -1;
318: }
319: if (test->settings->blksize > sndbuf_actual) {
320: char str[80];
321: snprintf(str, sizeof(str),
322: "Block size %d > sending socket buffer size %d",
323: test->settings->blksize, sndbuf_actual);
324: warning(str);
325: rc = 1;
326: }
327:
328: /* Read back and verify the receiver socket buffer size */
329: optlen = sizeof(rcvbuf_actual);
330: if (getsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, &rcvbuf_actual, &optlen) < 0) {
331: i_errno = IESETBUF;
332: return -1;
333: }
334: if (test->debug) {
335: printf("RCVBUF is %u, expecting %u\n", rcvbuf_actual, test->settings->socket_bufsize);
336: }
337: if (test->settings->socket_bufsize && test->settings->socket_bufsize > rcvbuf_actual) {
338: i_errno = IESETBUF2;
339: return -1;
340: }
341: if (test->settings->blksize > rcvbuf_actual) {
342: char str[80];
343: snprintf(str, sizeof(str),
344: "Block size %d > receiving socket buffer size %d",
345: test->settings->blksize, rcvbuf_actual);
346: warning(str);
347: rc = 1;
348: }
349:
350: if (test->json_output) {
351: cJSON_AddNumberToObject(test->json_start, "sock_bufsize", test->settings->socket_bufsize);
352: cJSON_AddNumberToObject(test->json_start, "sndbuf_actual", sndbuf_actual);
353: cJSON_AddNumberToObject(test->json_start, "rcvbuf_actual", rcvbuf_actual);
354: }
355:
356: return rc;
357: }
358:
359: /*
360: * iperf_udp_accept
361: *
362: * Accepts a new UDP "connection"
363: */
364: int
365: iperf_udp_accept(struct iperf_test *test)
366: {
367: struct sockaddr_storage sa_peer;
368: int buf;
369: socklen_t len;
370: int sz, s;
371: int rc;
372:
373: /*
374: * Get the current outstanding socket. This socket will be used to handle
375: * data transfers and a new "listening" socket will be created.
376: */
377: s = test->prot_listener;
378:
379: /*
380: * Grab the UDP packet sent by the client. From that we can extract the
381: * client's address, and then use that information to bind the remote side
382: * of the socket to the client.
383: */
384: len = sizeof(sa_peer);
385: if ((sz = recvfrom(test->prot_listener, &buf, sizeof(buf), 0, (struct sockaddr *) &sa_peer, &len)) < 0) {
386: i_errno = IESTREAMACCEPT;
387: return -1;
388: }
389:
390: if (connect(s, (struct sockaddr *) &sa_peer, len) < 0) {
391: i_errno = IESTREAMACCEPT;
392: return -1;
393: }
394:
395: /* Check and set socket buffer sizes */
396: rc = iperf_udp_buffercheck(test, s);
397: if (rc < 0)
398: /* error */
399: return rc;
400: /*
401: * If the socket buffer was too small, but it was the default
402: * size, then try explicitly setting it to something larger.
403: */
404: if (rc > 0) {
405: if (test->settings->socket_bufsize == 0) {
406: int bufsize = test->settings->blksize + UDP_BUFFER_EXTRA;
407: printf("Increasing socket buffer size to %d\n",
408: bufsize);
409: test->settings->socket_bufsize = bufsize;
410: rc = iperf_udp_buffercheck(test, s);
411: if (rc < 0)
412: return rc;
413: }
414: }
415:
416: #if defined(HAVE_SO_MAX_PACING_RATE)
417: /* If socket pacing is specified, try it. */
418: if (test->settings->fqrate) {
419: /* Convert bits per second to bytes per second */
420: unsigned int fqrate = test->settings->fqrate / 8;
421: if (fqrate > 0) {
422: if (test->debug) {
423: printf("Setting fair-queue socket pacing to %u\n", fqrate);
424: }
425: if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_MAX_PACING_RATE, &fqrate, sizeof(fqrate)) < 0) {
426: warning("Unable to set socket pacing");
427: }
428: }
429: }
430: #endif /* HAVE_SO_MAX_PACING_RATE */
431: {
432: unsigned int rate = test->settings->rate / 8;
433: if (rate > 0) {
434: if (test->debug) {
435: printf("Setting application pacing to %u\n", rate);
436: }
437: }
438: }
439:
440: /*
441: * Create a new "listening" socket to replace the one we were using before.
442: */
443: test->prot_listener = netannounce(test->settings->domain, Pudp, test->bind_address, test->server_port);
444: if (test->prot_listener < 0) {
445: i_errno = IESTREAMLISTEN;
446: return -1;
447: }
448:
449: FD_SET(test->prot_listener, &test->read_set);
450: test->max_fd = (test->max_fd < test->prot_listener) ? test->prot_listener : test->max_fd;
451:
452: /* Let the client know we're ready "accept" another UDP "stream" */
453: buf = 987654321; /* any content will work here */
454: if (write(s, &buf, sizeof(buf)) < 0) {
455: i_errno = IESTREAMWRITE;
456: return -1;
457: }
458:
459: return s;
460: }
461:
462:
463: /*
464: * iperf_udp_listen
465: *
466: * Start up a listener for UDP stream connections. Unlike for TCP,
467: * there is no listen(2) for UDP. This socket will however accept
468: * a UDP datagram from a client (indicating the client's presence).
469: */
470: int
471: iperf_udp_listen(struct iperf_test *test)
472: {
473: int s;
474:
475: if ((s = netannounce(test->settings->domain, Pudp, test->bind_address, test->server_port)) < 0) {
476: i_errno = IESTREAMLISTEN;
477: return -1;
478: }
479:
480: /*
481: * The caller will put this value into test->prot_listener.
482: */
483: return s;
484: }
485:
486:
487: /*
488: * iperf_udp_connect
489: *
490: * "Connect" to a UDP stream listener.
491: */
492: int
493: iperf_udp_connect(struct iperf_test *test)
494: {
495: int s, buf, sz;
496: #ifdef SO_RCVTIMEO
497: struct timeval tv;
498: #endif
499: int rc;
500:
501: /* Create and bind our local socket. */
502: if ((s = netdial(test->settings->domain, Pudp, test->bind_address, test->bind_port, test->server_hostname, test->server_port, -1)) < 0) {
503: i_errno = IESTREAMCONNECT;
504: return -1;
505: }
506:
507: /* Check and set socket buffer sizes */
508: rc = iperf_udp_buffercheck(test, s);
509: if (rc < 0)
510: /* error */
511: return rc;
512: /*
513: * If the socket buffer was too small, but it was the default
514: * size, then try explicitly setting it to something larger.
515: */
516: if (rc > 0) {
517: if (test->settings->socket_bufsize == 0) {
518: int bufsize = test->settings->blksize + UDP_BUFFER_EXTRA;
519: printf("Increasing socket buffer size to %d\n",
520: bufsize);
521: test->settings->socket_bufsize = bufsize;
522: rc = iperf_udp_buffercheck(test, s);
523: if (rc < 0)
524: return rc;
525: }
526: }
527:
528: #if defined(HAVE_SO_MAX_PACING_RATE)
529: /* If socket pacing is available and not disabled, try it. */
530: if (test->settings->fqrate) {
531: /* Convert bits per second to bytes per second */
532: unsigned int fqrate = test->settings->fqrate / 8;
533: if (fqrate > 0) {
534: if (test->debug) {
535: printf("Setting fair-queue socket pacing to %u\n", fqrate);
536: }
537: if (setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_MAX_PACING_RATE, &fqrate, sizeof(fqrate)) < 0) {
538: warning("Unable to set socket pacing");
539: }
540: }
541: }
542: #endif /* HAVE_SO_MAX_PACING_RATE */
543: {
544: unsigned int rate = test->settings->rate / 8;
545: if (rate > 0) {
546: if (test->debug) {
547: printf("Setting application pacing to %u\n", rate);
548: }
549: }
550: }
551:
552: #ifdef SO_RCVTIMEO
553: /* 30 sec timeout for a case when there is a network problem. */
554: tv.tv_sec = 30;
555: tv.tv_usec = 0;
556: setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVTIMEO, (struct timeval *)&tv, sizeof(struct timeval));
557: #endif
558:
559: /*
560: * Write a datagram to the UDP stream to let the server know we're here.
561: * The server learns our address by obtaining its peer's address.
562: */
563: buf = 123456789; /* this can be pretty much anything */
564: if (write(s, &buf, sizeof(buf)) < 0) {
565: // XXX: Should this be changed to IESTREAMCONNECT?
566: i_errno = IESTREAMWRITE;
567: return -1;
568: }
569:
570: /*
571: * Wait until the server replies back to us.
572: */
573: if ((sz = recv(s, &buf, sizeof(buf), 0)) < 0) {
574: i_errno = IESTREAMREAD;
575: return -1;
576: }
577:
578: return s;
579: }
580:
581:
582: /* iperf_udp_init
583: *
584: * initializer for UDP streams in TEST_START
585: */
586: int
587: iperf_udp_init(struct iperf_test *test)
588: {
589: return 0;
590: }
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