Annotation of embedaddon/libevent/evdns.c, revision 1.1

1.1     ! misho       1: /* $Id: evdns.c 6979 2006-08-04 18:31:13Z nickm $ */
        !             2: 
        !             3: /* The original version of this module was written by Adam Langley; for
        !             4:  * a history of modifications, check out the subversion logs.
        !             5:  *
        !             6:  * When editing this module, try to keep it re-mergeable by Adam.  Don't
        !             7:  * reformat the whitespace, add Tor dependencies, or so on.
        !             8:  *
        !             9:  * TODO:
        !            10:  *   - Support IPv6 and PTR records.
        !            11:  *   - Replace all externally visible magic numbers with #defined constants.
        !            12:  *   - Write doccumentation for APIs of all external functions.
        !            13:  */
        !            14: 
        !            15: /* Async DNS Library
        !            16:  * Adam Langley <agl@imperialviolet.org>
        !            17:  * http://www.imperialviolet.org/eventdns.html
        !            18:  * Public Domain code
        !            19:  *
        !            20:  * This software is Public Domain. To view a copy of the public domain dedication,
        !            21:  * visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/ or send a letter to
        !            22:  * Creative Commons, 559 Nathan Abbott Way, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
        !            23:  *
        !            24:  * I ask and expect, but do not require, that all derivative works contain an
        !            25:  * attribution similar to:
        !            26:  *     Parts developed by Adam Langley <agl@imperialviolet.org>
        !            27:  *
        !            28:  * You may wish to replace the word "Parts" with something else depending on
        !            29:  * the amount of original code.
        !            30:  *
        !            31:  * (Derivative works does not include programs which link against, run or include
        !            32:  * the source verbatim in their source distributions)
        !            33:  *
        !            34:  * Version: 0.1b
        !            35:  */
        !            36: 
        !            37: #include <sys/types.h>
        !            38: #ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
        !            39: #include "config.h"
        !            40: #endif
        !            41: 
        !            42: #ifdef DNS_USE_FTIME_FOR_ID
        !            43: #include <sys/timeb.h>
        !            44: #endif
        !            45: 
        !            46: #ifndef DNS_USE_CPU_CLOCK_FOR_ID
        !            47: #ifndef DNS_USE_GETTIMEOFDAY_FOR_ID
        !            48: #ifndef DNS_USE_OPENSSL_FOR_ID
        !            49: #ifndef DNS_USE_FTIME_FOR_ID
        !            50: #error Must configure at least one id generation method.
        !            51: #error Please see the documentation.
        !            52: #endif
        !            53: #endif
        !            54: #endif
        !            55: #endif
        !            56: 
        !            57: /* #define _POSIX_C_SOURCE 200507 */
        !            58: #define _GNU_SOURCE
        !            59: 
        !            60: #ifdef DNS_USE_CPU_CLOCK_FOR_ID
        !            61: #ifdef DNS_USE_OPENSSL_FOR_ID
        !            62: #error Multiple id options selected
        !            63: #endif
        !            64: #ifdef DNS_USE_GETTIMEOFDAY_FOR_ID
        !            65: #error Multiple id options selected
        !            66: #endif
        !            67: #include <time.h>
        !            68: #endif
        !            69: 
        !            70: #ifdef DNS_USE_OPENSSL_FOR_ID
        !            71: #ifdef DNS_USE_GETTIMEOFDAY_FOR_ID
        !            72: #error Multiple id options selected
        !            73: #endif
        !            74: #include <openssl/rand.h>
        !            75: #endif
        !            76: 
        !            77: #ifndef _FORTIFY_SOURCE
        !            78: #define _FORTIFY_SOURCE 3
        !            79: #endif
        !            80: 
        !            81: #include <string.h>
        !            82: #include <fcntl.h>
        !            83: #ifdef HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
        !            84: #include <sys/time.h>
        !            85: #endif
        !            86: #ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
        !            87: #include <stdint.h>
        !            88: #endif
        !            89: #include <stdlib.h>
        !            90: #include <string.h>
        !            91: #include <errno.h>
        !            92: #include <assert.h>
        !            93: #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
        !            94: #include <unistd.h>
        !            95: #endif
        !            96: #include <limits.h>
        !            97: #include <sys/stat.h>
        !            98: #include <ctype.h>
        !            99: #include <stdio.h>
        !           100: #include <stdarg.h>
        !           101: 
        !           102: #include "evdns.h"
        !           103: #include "evutil.h"
        !           104: #include "log.h"
        !           105: #ifdef WIN32
        !           106: #include <winsock2.h>
        !           107: #include <windows.h>
        !           108: #include <iphlpapi.h>
        !           109: #include <io.h>
        !           110: #else
        !           111: #include <sys/socket.h>
        !           112: #include <netinet/in.h>
        !           113: #include <arpa/inet.h>
        !           114: #endif
        !           115: 
        !           116: #ifdef HAVE_NETINET_IN6_H
        !           117: #include <netinet/in6.h>
        !           118: #endif
        !           119: 
        !           120: #define EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG 0
        !           121: #define EVDNS_LOG_WARN 1
        !           122: 
        !           123: #ifndef HOST_NAME_MAX
        !           124: #define HOST_NAME_MAX 255
        !           125: #endif
        !           126: 
        !           127: #include <stdio.h>
        !           128: 
        !           129: #undef MIN
        !           130: #define MIN(a,b) ((a)<(b)?(a):(b))
        !           131: 
        !           132: #ifdef __USE_ISOC99B
        !           133: /* libevent doesn't work without this */
        !           134: typedef ev_uint8_t u_char;
        !           135: typedef unsigned int uint;
        !           136: #endif
        !           137: #include <event.h>
        !           138: 
        !           139: #define u64 ev_uint64_t
        !           140: #define u32 ev_uint32_t
        !           141: #define u16 ev_uint16_t
        !           142: #define u8  ev_uint8_t
        !           143: 
        !           144: #ifdef WIN32
        !           145: #define open _open
        !           146: #define read _read
        !           147: #define close _close
        !           148: #define strdup _strdup
        !           149: #endif
        !           150: 
        !           151: #define MAX_ADDRS 32  /* maximum number of addresses from a single packet */
        !           152: /* which we bother recording */
        !           153: 
        !           154: #define TYPE_A         EVDNS_TYPE_A
        !           155: #define TYPE_CNAME     5
        !           156: #define TYPE_PTR       EVDNS_TYPE_PTR
        !           157: #define TYPE_AAAA      EVDNS_TYPE_AAAA
        !           158: 
        !           159: #define CLASS_INET     EVDNS_CLASS_INET
        !           160: 
        !           161: struct request {
        !           162:        u8 *request;  /* the dns packet data */
        !           163:        unsigned int request_len;
        !           164:        int reissue_count;
        !           165:        int tx_count;  /* the number of times that this packet has been sent */
        !           166:        unsigned int request_type; /* TYPE_PTR or TYPE_A */
        !           167:        void *user_pointer;  /* the pointer given to us for this request */
        !           168:        evdns_callback_type user_callback;
        !           169:        struct nameserver *ns;  /* the server which we last sent it */
        !           170: 
        !           171:        /* elements used by the searching code */
        !           172:        int search_index;
        !           173:        struct search_state *search_state;
        !           174:        char *search_origname;  /* needs to be free()ed */
        !           175:        int search_flags;
        !           176: 
        !           177:        /* these objects are kept in a circular list */
        !           178:        struct request *next, *prev;
        !           179: 
        !           180:        struct event timeout_event;
        !           181: 
        !           182:        u16 trans_id;  /* the transaction id */
        !           183:        char request_appended;  /* true if the request pointer is data which follows this struct */
        !           184:        char transmit_me;  /* needs to be transmitted */
        !           185: };
        !           186: 
        !           187: #ifndef HAVE_STRUCT_IN6_ADDR
        !           188: struct in6_addr {
        !           189:        u8 s6_addr[16];
        !           190: };
        !           191: #endif
        !           192: 
        !           193: struct reply {
        !           194:        unsigned int type;
        !           195:        unsigned int have_answer;
        !           196:        union {
        !           197:                struct {
        !           198:                        u32 addrcount;
        !           199:                        u32 addresses[MAX_ADDRS];
        !           200:                } a;
        !           201:                struct {
        !           202:                        u32 addrcount;
        !           203:                        struct in6_addr addresses[MAX_ADDRS];
        !           204:                } aaaa;
        !           205:                struct {
        !           206:                        char name[HOST_NAME_MAX];
        !           207:                } ptr;
        !           208:        } data;
        !           209: };
        !           210: 
        !           211: struct nameserver {
        !           212:        int socket;  /* a connected UDP socket */
        !           213:        u32 address;
        !           214:        u16 port;
        !           215:        int failed_times;  /* number of times which we have given this server a chance */
        !           216:        int timedout;  /* number of times in a row a request has timed out */
        !           217:        struct event event;
        !           218:        /* these objects are kept in a circular list */
        !           219:        struct nameserver *next, *prev;
        !           220:        struct event timeout_event;  /* used to keep the timeout for */
        !           221:                                     /* when we next probe this server. */
        !           222:                                     /* Valid if state == 0 */
        !           223:        char state;  /* zero if we think that this server is down */
        !           224:        char choked;  /* true if we have an EAGAIN from this server's socket */
        !           225:        char write_waiting;  /* true if we are waiting for EV_WRITE events */
        !           226: };
        !           227: 
        !           228: static struct request *req_head = NULL, *req_waiting_head = NULL;
        !           229: static struct nameserver *server_head = NULL;
        !           230: 
        !           231: /* Represents a local port where we're listening for DNS requests. Right now, */
        !           232: /* only UDP is supported. */
        !           233: struct evdns_server_port {
        !           234:        int socket; /* socket we use to read queries and write replies. */
        !           235:        int refcnt; /* reference count. */
        !           236:        char choked; /* Are we currently blocked from writing? */
        !           237:        char closing; /* Are we trying to close this port, pending writes? */
        !           238:        evdns_request_callback_fn_type user_callback; /* Fn to handle requests */
        !           239:        void *user_data; /* Opaque pointer passed to user_callback */
        !           240:        struct event event; /* Read/write event */
        !           241:        /* circular list of replies that we want to write. */
        !           242:        struct server_request *pending_replies;
        !           243: };
        !           244: 
        !           245: /* Represents part of a reply being built.     (That is, a single RR.) */
        !           246: struct server_reply_item {
        !           247:        struct server_reply_item *next; /* next item in sequence. */
        !           248:        char *name; /* name part of the RR */
        !           249:        u16 type : 16; /* The RR type */
        !           250:        u16 class : 16; /* The RR class (usually CLASS_INET) */
        !           251:        u32 ttl; /* The RR TTL */
        !           252:        char is_name; /* True iff data is a label */
        !           253:        u16 datalen; /* Length of data; -1 if data is a label */
        !           254:        void *data; /* The contents of the RR */
        !           255: };
        !           256: 
        !           257: /* Represents a request that we've received as a DNS server, and holds */
        !           258: /* the components of the reply as we're constructing it. */
        !           259: struct server_request {
        !           260:        /* Pointers to the next and previous entries on the list of replies */
        !           261:        /* that we're waiting to write.  Only set if we have tried to respond */
        !           262:        /* and gotten EAGAIN. */
        !           263:        struct server_request *next_pending;
        !           264:        struct server_request *prev_pending;
        !           265: 
        !           266:        u16 trans_id; /* Transaction id. */
        !           267:        struct evdns_server_port *port; /* Which port received this request on? */
        !           268:        struct sockaddr_storage addr; /* Where to send the response */
        !           269:        socklen_t addrlen; /* length of addr */
        !           270: 
        !           271:        int n_answer; /* how many answer RRs have been set? */
        !           272:        int n_authority; /* how many authority RRs have been set? */
        !           273:        int n_additional; /* how many additional RRs have been set? */
        !           274: 
        !           275:        struct server_reply_item *answer; /* linked list of answer RRs */
        !           276:        struct server_reply_item *authority; /* linked list of authority RRs */
        !           277:        struct server_reply_item *additional; /* linked list of additional RRs */
        !           278: 
        !           279:        /* Constructed response.  Only set once we're ready to send a reply. */
        !           280:        /* Once this is set, the RR fields are cleared, and no more should be set. */
        !           281:        char *response;
        !           282:        size_t response_len;
        !           283: 
        !           284:        /* Caller-visible fields: flags, questions. */
        !           285:        struct evdns_server_request base;
        !           286: };
        !           287: 
        !           288: /* helper macro */
        !           289: #define OFFSET_OF(st, member) ((off_t) (((char*)&((st*)0)->member)-(char*)0))
        !           290: 
        !           291: /* Given a pointer to an evdns_server_request, get the corresponding */
        !           292: /* server_request. */
        !           293: #define TO_SERVER_REQUEST(base_ptr)                                                                            \
        !           294:        ((struct server_request*)                                                                                       \
        !           295:         (((char*)(base_ptr) - OFFSET_OF(struct server_request, base))))
        !           296: 
        !           297: /* The number of good nameservers that we have */
        !           298: static int global_good_nameservers = 0;
        !           299: 
        !           300: /* inflight requests are contained in the req_head list */
        !           301: /* and are actually going out across the network */
        !           302: static int global_requests_inflight = 0;
        !           303: /* requests which aren't inflight are in the waiting list */
        !           304: /* and are counted here */
        !           305: static int global_requests_waiting = 0;
        !           306: 
        !           307: static int global_max_requests_inflight = 64;
        !           308: 
        !           309: static struct timeval global_timeout = {5, 0};  /* 5 seconds */
        !           310: static int global_max_reissues = 1;  /* a reissue occurs when we get some errors from the server */
        !           311: static int global_max_retransmits = 3;  /* number of times we'll retransmit a request which timed out */
        !           312: /* number of timeouts in a row before we consider this server to be down */
        !           313: static int global_max_nameserver_timeout = 3;
        !           314: 
        !           315: /* These are the timeout values for nameservers. If we find a nameserver is down */
        !           316: /* we try to probe it at intervals as given below. Values are in seconds. */
        !           317: static const struct timeval global_nameserver_timeouts[] = {{10, 0}, {60, 0}, {300, 0}, {900, 0}, {3600, 0}};
        !           318: static const int global_nameserver_timeouts_length = sizeof(global_nameserver_timeouts)/sizeof(struct timeval);
        !           319: 
        !           320: static struct nameserver *nameserver_pick(void);
        !           321: static void evdns_request_insert(struct request *req, struct request **head);
        !           322: static void nameserver_ready_callback(int fd, short events, void *arg);
        !           323: static int evdns_transmit(void);
        !           324: static int evdns_request_transmit(struct request *req);
        !           325: static void nameserver_send_probe(struct nameserver *const ns);
        !           326: static void search_request_finished(struct request *const);
        !           327: static int search_try_next(struct request *const req);
        !           328: static int search_request_new(int type, const char *const name, int flags, evdns_callback_type user_callback, void *user_arg);
        !           329: static void evdns_requests_pump_waiting_queue(void);
        !           330: static u16 transaction_id_pick(void);
        !           331: static struct request *request_new(int type, const char *name, int flags, evdns_callback_type callback, void *ptr);
        !           332: static void request_submit(struct request *const req);
        !           333: 
        !           334: static int server_request_free(struct server_request *req);
        !           335: static void server_request_free_answers(struct server_request *req);
        !           336: static void server_port_free(struct evdns_server_port *port);
        !           337: static void server_port_ready_callback(int fd, short events, void *arg);
        !           338: 
        !           339: static int strtoint(const char *const str);
        !           340: 
        !           341: #ifdef WIN32
        !           342: static int
        !           343: last_error(int sock)
        !           344: {
        !           345:        int optval, optvallen=sizeof(optval);
        !           346:        int err = WSAGetLastError();
        !           347:        if (err == WSAEWOULDBLOCK && sock >= 0) {
        !           348:                if (getsockopt(sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR, (void*)&optval,
        !           349:                               &optvallen))
        !           350:                        return err;
        !           351:                if (optval)
        !           352:                        return optval;
        !           353:        }
        !           354:        return err;
        !           355: 
        !           356: }
        !           357: static int
        !           358: error_is_eagain(int err)
        !           359: {
        !           360:        return err == EAGAIN || err == WSAEWOULDBLOCK;
        !           361: }
        !           362: static int
        !           363: inet_aton(const char *c, struct in_addr *addr)
        !           364: {
        !           365:        ev_uint32_t r;
        !           366:        if (strcmp(c, "255.255.255.255") == 0) {
        !           367:                addr->s_addr = 0xffffffffu;
        !           368:        } else {
        !           369:                r = inet_addr(c);
        !           370:                if (r == INADDR_NONE)
        !           371:                        return 0;
        !           372:                addr->s_addr = r;
        !           373:        }
        !           374:        return 1;
        !           375: }
        !           376: #else
        !           377: #define last_error(sock) (errno)
        !           378: #define error_is_eagain(err) ((err) == EAGAIN)
        !           379: #endif
        !           380: #define CLOSE_SOCKET(s) EVUTIL_CLOSESOCKET(s)
        !           381: 
        !           382: #define ISSPACE(c) isspace((int)(unsigned char)(c))
        !           383: #define ISDIGIT(c) isdigit((int)(unsigned char)(c))
        !           384: 
        !           385: static const char *
        !           386: debug_ntoa(u32 address)
        !           387: {
        !           388:        static char buf[32];
        !           389:        u32 a = ntohl(address);
        !           390:        evutil_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d.%d.%d.%d",
        !           391:                       (int)(u8)((a>>24)&0xff),
        !           392:                       (int)(u8)((a>>16)&0xff),
        !           393:                       (int)(u8)((a>>8 )&0xff),
        !           394:                      (int)(u8)((a    )&0xff));
        !           395:        return buf;
        !           396: }
        !           397: 
        !           398: static evdns_debug_log_fn_type evdns_log_fn = NULL;
        !           399: 
        !           400: void
        !           401: evdns_set_log_fn(evdns_debug_log_fn_type fn)
        !           402: {
        !           403:   evdns_log_fn = fn;
        !           404: }
        !           405: 
        !           406: #ifdef __GNUC__
        !           407: #define EVDNS_LOG_CHECK  __attribute__ ((format(printf, 2, 3)))
        !           408: #else
        !           409: #define EVDNS_LOG_CHECK
        !           410: #endif
        !           411: 
        !           412: static void _evdns_log(int warn, const char *fmt, ...) EVDNS_LOG_CHECK;
        !           413: static void
        !           414: _evdns_log(int warn, const char *fmt, ...)
        !           415: {
        !           416:   va_list args;
        !           417:   static char buf[512];
        !           418:   if (!evdns_log_fn)
        !           419:     return;
        !           420:   va_start(args,fmt);
        !           421:   evutil_vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, args);
        !           422:   buf[sizeof(buf)-1] = '\0';
        !           423:   evdns_log_fn(warn, buf);
        !           424:   va_end(args);
        !           425: }
        !           426: 
        !           427: #define log _evdns_log
        !           428: 
        !           429: /* This walks the list of inflight requests to find the */
        !           430: /* one with a matching transaction id. Returns NULL on */
        !           431: /* failure */
        !           432: static struct request *
        !           433: request_find_from_trans_id(u16 trans_id) {
        !           434:        struct request *req = req_head, *const started_at = req_head;
        !           435: 
        !           436:        if (req) {
        !           437:                do {
        !           438:                        if (req->trans_id == trans_id) return req;
        !           439:                        req = req->next;
        !           440:                } while (req != started_at);
        !           441:        }
        !           442: 
        !           443:        return NULL;
        !           444: }
        !           445: 
        !           446: /* a libevent callback function which is called when a nameserver */
        !           447: /* has gone down and we want to test if it has came back to life yet */
        !           448: static void
        !           449: nameserver_prod_callback(int fd, short events, void *arg) {
        !           450:        struct nameserver *const ns = (struct nameserver *) arg;
        !           451:         (void)fd;
        !           452:         (void)events;
        !           453: 
        !           454:        nameserver_send_probe(ns);
        !           455: }
        !           456: 
        !           457: /* a libevent callback which is called when a nameserver probe (to see if */
        !           458: /* it has come back to life) times out. We increment the count of failed_times */
        !           459: /* and wait longer to send the next probe packet. */
        !           460: static void
        !           461: nameserver_probe_failed(struct nameserver *const ns) {
        !           462:        const struct timeval * timeout;
        !           463:        (void) evtimer_del(&ns->timeout_event);
        !           464:        if (ns->state == 1) {
        !           465:                /* This can happen if the nameserver acts in a way which makes us mark */
        !           466:                /* it as bad and then starts sending good replies. */
        !           467:                return;
        !           468:        }
        !           469: 
        !           470:        timeout =
        !           471:          &global_nameserver_timeouts[MIN(ns->failed_times,
        !           472:                                          global_nameserver_timeouts_length - 1)];
        !           473:        ns->failed_times++;
        !           474: 
        !           475:        if (evtimer_add(&ns->timeout_event, (struct timeval *) timeout) < 0) {
        !           476:           log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN,
        !           477:               "Error from libevent when adding timer event for %s",
        !           478:               debug_ntoa(ns->address));
        !           479:           /* ???? Do more? */
        !           480:         }
        !           481: }
        !           482: 
        !           483: /* called when a nameserver has been deemed to have failed. For example, too */
        !           484: /* many packets have timed out etc */
        !           485: static void
        !           486: nameserver_failed(struct nameserver *const ns, const char *msg) {
        !           487:        struct request *req, *started_at;
        !           488:        /* if this nameserver has already been marked as failed */
        !           489:        /* then don't do anything */
        !           490:        if (!ns->state) return;
        !           491: 
        !           492:        log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Nameserver %s has failed: %s",
        !           493:             debug_ntoa(ns->address), msg);
        !           494:        global_good_nameservers--;
        !           495:        assert(global_good_nameservers >= 0);
        !           496:        if (global_good_nameservers == 0) {
        !           497:                log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "All nameservers have failed");
        !           498:        }
        !           499: 
        !           500:        ns->state = 0;
        !           501:        ns->failed_times = 1;
        !           502: 
        !           503:        if (evtimer_add(&ns->timeout_event, (struct timeval *) &global_nameserver_timeouts[0]) < 0) {
        !           504:                log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN,
        !           505:                    "Error from libevent when adding timer event for %s",
        !           506:                    debug_ntoa(ns->address));
        !           507:                /* ???? Do more? */
        !           508:         }
        !           509: 
        !           510:        /* walk the list of inflight requests to see if any can be reassigned to */
        !           511:        /* a different server. Requests in the waiting queue don't have a */
        !           512:        /* nameserver assigned yet */
        !           513: 
        !           514:        /* if we don't have *any* good nameservers then there's no point */
        !           515:        /* trying to reassign requests to one */
        !           516:        if (!global_good_nameservers) return;
        !           517: 
        !           518:        req = req_head;
        !           519:        started_at = req_head;
        !           520:        if (req) {
        !           521:                do {
        !           522:                        if (req->tx_count == 0 && req->ns == ns) {
        !           523:                                /* still waiting to go out, can be moved */
        !           524:                                /* to another server */
        !           525:                                req->ns = nameserver_pick();
        !           526:                        }
        !           527:                        req = req->next;
        !           528:                } while (req != started_at);
        !           529:        }
        !           530: }
        !           531: 
        !           532: static void
        !           533: nameserver_up(struct nameserver *const ns) {
        !           534:        if (ns->state) return;
        !           535:        log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Nameserver %s is back up",
        !           536:            debug_ntoa(ns->address));
        !           537:        evtimer_del(&ns->timeout_event);
        !           538:        ns->state = 1;
        !           539:        ns->failed_times = 0;
        !           540:        ns->timedout = 0;
        !           541:        global_good_nameservers++;
        !           542: }
        !           543: 
        !           544: static void
        !           545: request_trans_id_set(struct request *const req, const u16 trans_id) {
        !           546:        req->trans_id = trans_id;
        !           547:        *((u16 *) req->request) = htons(trans_id);
        !           548: }
        !           549: 
        !           550: /* Called to remove a request from a list and dealloc it. */
        !           551: /* head is a pointer to the head of the list it should be */
        !           552: /* removed from or NULL if the request isn't in a list. */
        !           553: static void
        !           554: request_finished(struct request *const req, struct request **head) {
        !           555:        if (head) {
        !           556:                if (req->next == req) {
        !           557:                        /* only item in the list */
        !           558:                        *head = NULL;
        !           559:                } else {
        !           560:                        req->next->prev = req->prev;
        !           561:                        req->prev->next = req->next;
        !           562:                        if (*head == req) *head = req->next;
        !           563:                }
        !           564:        }
        !           565: 
        !           566:        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Removing timeout for request %lx",
        !           567:            (unsigned long) req);
        !           568:        evtimer_del(&req->timeout_event);
        !           569: 
        !           570:        search_request_finished(req);
        !           571:        global_requests_inflight--;
        !           572: 
        !           573:        if (!req->request_appended) {
        !           574:                /* need to free the request data on it's own */
        !           575:                free(req->request);
        !           576:        } else {
        !           577:                /* the request data is appended onto the header */
        !           578:                /* so everything gets free()ed when we: */
        !           579:        }
        !           580: 
        !           581:        free(req);
        !           582: 
        !           583:        evdns_requests_pump_waiting_queue();
        !           584: }
        !           585: 
        !           586: /* This is called when a server returns a funny error code. */
        !           587: /* We try the request again with another server. */
        !           588: /* */
        !           589: /* return: */
        !           590: /*   0 ok */
        !           591: /*   1 failed/reissue is pointless */
        !           592: static int
        !           593: request_reissue(struct request *req) {
        !           594:        const struct nameserver *const last_ns = req->ns;
        !           595:        /* the last nameserver should have been marked as failing */
        !           596:        /* by the caller of this function, therefore pick will try */
        !           597:        /* not to return it */
        !           598:        req->ns = nameserver_pick();
        !           599:        if (req->ns == last_ns) {
        !           600:                /* ... but pick did return it */
        !           601:                /* not a lot of point in trying again with the */
        !           602:                /* same server */
        !           603:                return 1;
        !           604:        }
        !           605: 
        !           606:        req->reissue_count++;
        !           607:        req->tx_count = 0;
        !           608:        req->transmit_me = 1;
        !           609: 
        !           610:        return 0;
        !           611: }
        !           612: 
        !           613: /* this function looks for space on the inflight queue and promotes */
        !           614: /* requests from the waiting queue if it can. */
        !           615: static void
        !           616: evdns_requests_pump_waiting_queue(void) {
        !           617:        while (global_requests_inflight < global_max_requests_inflight &&
        !           618:            global_requests_waiting) {
        !           619:                struct request *req;
        !           620:                /* move a request from the waiting queue to the inflight queue */
        !           621:                assert(req_waiting_head);
        !           622:                if (req_waiting_head->next == req_waiting_head) {
        !           623:                        /* only one item in the queue */
        !           624:                        req = req_waiting_head;
        !           625:                        req_waiting_head = NULL;
        !           626:                } else {
        !           627:                        req = req_waiting_head;
        !           628:                        req->next->prev = req->prev;
        !           629:                        req->prev->next = req->next;
        !           630:                        req_waiting_head = req->next;
        !           631:                }
        !           632: 
        !           633:                global_requests_waiting--;
        !           634:                global_requests_inflight++;
        !           635: 
        !           636:                req->ns = nameserver_pick();
        !           637:                request_trans_id_set(req, transaction_id_pick());
        !           638: 
        !           639:                evdns_request_insert(req, &req_head);
        !           640:                evdns_request_transmit(req);
        !           641:                evdns_transmit();
        !           642:        }
        !           643: }
        !           644: 
        !           645: static void
        !           646: reply_callback(struct request *const req, u32 ttl, u32 err, struct reply *reply) {
        !           647:        switch (req->request_type) {
        !           648:        case TYPE_A:
        !           649:                if (reply)
        !           650:                        req->user_callback(DNS_ERR_NONE, DNS_IPv4_A,
        !           651:                                                           reply->data.a.addrcount, ttl,
        !           652:                                                 reply->data.a.addresses,
        !           653:                                                           req->user_pointer);
        !           654:                else
        !           655:                        req->user_callback(err, 0, 0, 0, NULL, req->user_pointer);
        !           656:                return;
        !           657:        case TYPE_PTR:
        !           658:                if (reply) {
        !           659:                        char *name = reply->data.ptr.name;
        !           660:                        req->user_callback(DNS_ERR_NONE, DNS_PTR, 1, ttl,
        !           661:                                                           &name, req->user_pointer);
        !           662:                } else {
        !           663:                        req->user_callback(err, 0, 0, 0, NULL,
        !           664:                                                           req->user_pointer);
        !           665:                }
        !           666:                return;
        !           667:        case TYPE_AAAA:
        !           668:                if (reply)
        !           669:                        req->user_callback(DNS_ERR_NONE, DNS_IPv6_AAAA,
        !           670:                                                           reply->data.aaaa.addrcount, ttl,
        !           671:                                                           reply->data.aaaa.addresses,
        !           672:                                                           req->user_pointer);
        !           673:                else
        !           674:                        req->user_callback(err, 0, 0, 0, NULL, req->user_pointer);
        !           675:                 return;
        !           676:        }
        !           677:        assert(0);
        !           678: }
        !           679: 
        !           680: /* this processes a parsed reply packet */
        !           681: static void
        !           682: reply_handle(struct request *const req, u16 flags, u32 ttl, struct reply *reply) {
        !           683:        int error;
        !           684:        static const int error_codes[] = {
        !           685:                DNS_ERR_FORMAT, DNS_ERR_SERVERFAILED, DNS_ERR_NOTEXIST,
        !           686:                DNS_ERR_NOTIMPL, DNS_ERR_REFUSED
        !           687:        };
        !           688: 
        !           689:        if (flags & 0x020f || !reply || !reply->have_answer) {
        !           690:                /* there was an error */
        !           691:                if (flags & 0x0200) {
        !           692:                        error = DNS_ERR_TRUNCATED;
        !           693:                } else {
        !           694:                        u16 error_code = (flags & 0x000f) - 1;
        !           695:                        if (error_code > 4) {
        !           696:                                error = DNS_ERR_UNKNOWN;
        !           697:                        } else {
        !           698:                                error = error_codes[error_code];
        !           699:                        }
        !           700:                }
        !           701: 
        !           702:                switch(error) {
        !           703:                case DNS_ERR_NOTIMPL:
        !           704:                case DNS_ERR_REFUSED:
        !           705:                        /* we regard these errors as marking a bad nameserver */
        !           706:                        if (req->reissue_count < global_max_reissues) {
        !           707:                                char msg[64];
        !           708:                                evutil_snprintf(msg, sizeof(msg),
        !           709:                                    "Bad response %d (%s)",
        !           710:                                         error, evdns_err_to_string(error));
        !           711:                                nameserver_failed(req->ns, msg);
        !           712:                                if (!request_reissue(req)) return;
        !           713:                        }
        !           714:                        break;
        !           715:                case DNS_ERR_SERVERFAILED:
        !           716:                        /* rcode 2 (servfailed) sometimes means "we
        !           717:                         * are broken" and sometimes (with some binds)
        !           718:                         * means "that request was very confusing."
        !           719:                         * Treat this as a timeout, not a failure.
        !           720:                         */
        !           721:                        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Got a SERVERFAILED from nameserver %s; "
        !           722:                                "will allow the request to time out.",
        !           723:                                debug_ntoa(req->ns->address));
        !           724:                        break;
        !           725:                default:
        !           726:                        /* we got a good reply from the nameserver */
        !           727:                        nameserver_up(req->ns);
        !           728:                }
        !           729: 
        !           730:                if (req->search_state && req->request_type != TYPE_PTR) {
        !           731:                        /* if we have a list of domains to search in,
        !           732:                         * try the next one */
        !           733:                        if (!search_try_next(req)) {
        !           734:                                /* a new request was issued so this
        !           735:                                 * request is finished and */
        !           736:                                /* the user callback will be made when
        !           737:                                 * that request (or a */
        !           738:                                /* child of it) finishes. */
        !           739:                                request_finished(req, &req_head);
        !           740:                                return;
        !           741:                        }
        !           742:                }
        !           743: 
        !           744:                /* all else failed. Pass the failure up */
        !           745:                reply_callback(req, 0, error, NULL);
        !           746:                request_finished(req, &req_head);
        !           747:        } else {
        !           748:                /* all ok, tell the user */
        !           749:                reply_callback(req, ttl, 0, reply);
        !           750:                nameserver_up(req->ns);
        !           751:                request_finished(req, &req_head);
        !           752:        }
        !           753: }
        !           754: 
        !           755: static int
        !           756: name_parse(u8 *packet, int length, int *idx, char *name_out, int name_out_len) {
        !           757:        int name_end = -1;
        !           758:        int j = *idx;
        !           759:        int ptr_count = 0;
        !           760: #define GET32(x) do { if (j + 4 > length) goto err; memcpy(&_t32, packet + j, 4); j += 4; x = ntohl(_t32); } while(0)
        !           761: #define GET16(x) do { if (j + 2 > length) goto err; memcpy(&_t, packet + j, 2); j += 2; x = ntohs(_t); } while(0)
        !           762: #define GET8(x) do { if (j >= length) goto err; x = packet[j++]; } while(0)
        !           763: 
        !           764:        char *cp = name_out;
        !           765:        const char *const end = name_out + name_out_len;
        !           766: 
        !           767:        /* Normally, names are a series of length prefixed strings terminated */
        !           768:        /* with a length of 0 (the lengths are u8's < 63). */
        !           769:        /* However, the length can start with a pair of 1 bits and that */
        !           770:        /* means that the next 14 bits are a pointer within the current */
        !           771:        /* packet. */
        !           772: 
        !           773:        for(;;) {
        !           774:                u8 label_len;
        !           775:                if (j >= length) return -1;
        !           776:                GET8(label_len);
        !           777:                if (!label_len) break;
        !           778:                if (label_len & 0xc0) {
        !           779:                        u8 ptr_low;
        !           780:                        GET8(ptr_low);
        !           781:                        if (name_end < 0) name_end = j;
        !           782:                        j = (((int)label_len & 0x3f) << 8) + ptr_low;
        !           783:                        /* Make sure that the target offset is in-bounds. */
        !           784:                        if (j < 0 || j >= length) return -1;
        !           785:                        /* If we've jumped more times than there are characters in the
        !           786:                         * message, we must have a loop. */
        !           787:                        if (++ptr_count > length) return -1;
        !           788:                        continue;
        !           789:                }
        !           790:                if (label_len > 63) return -1;
        !           791:                if (cp != name_out) {
        !           792:                        if (cp + 1 >= end) return -1;
        !           793:                        *cp++ = '.';
        !           794:                }
        !           795:                if (cp + label_len >= end) return -1;
        !           796:                memcpy(cp, packet + j, label_len);
        !           797:                cp += label_len;
        !           798:                j += label_len;
        !           799:        }
        !           800:        if (cp >= end) return -1;
        !           801:        *cp = '\0';
        !           802:        if (name_end < 0)
        !           803:                *idx = j;
        !           804:        else
        !           805:                *idx = name_end;
        !           806:        return 0;
        !           807:  err:
        !           808:        return -1;
        !           809: }
        !           810: 
        !           811: /* parses a raw request from a nameserver */
        !           812: static int
        !           813: reply_parse(u8 *packet, int length) {
        !           814:        int j = 0, k = 0;  /* index into packet */
        !           815:        u16 _t;  /* used by the macros */
        !           816:        u32 _t32;  /* used by the macros */
        !           817:        char tmp_name[256], cmp_name[256]; /* used by the macros */
        !           818: 
        !           819:        u16 trans_id, questions, answers, authority, additional, datalength;
        !           820:         u16 flags = 0;
        !           821:        u32 ttl, ttl_r = 0xffffffff;
        !           822:        struct reply reply;
        !           823:        struct request *req = NULL;
        !           824:        unsigned int i;
        !           825: 
        !           826:        GET16(trans_id);
        !           827:        GET16(flags);
        !           828:        GET16(questions);
        !           829:        GET16(answers);
        !           830:        GET16(authority);
        !           831:        GET16(additional);
        !           832:        (void) authority; /* suppress "unused variable" warnings. */
        !           833:        (void) additional; /* suppress "unused variable" warnings. */
        !           834: 
        !           835:        req = request_find_from_trans_id(trans_id);
        !           836:        if (!req) return -1;
        !           837: 
        !           838:        memset(&reply, 0, sizeof(reply));
        !           839: 
        !           840:        /* If it's not an answer, it doesn't correspond to any request. */
        !           841:        if (!(flags & 0x8000)) return -1;  /* must be an answer */
        !           842:        if (flags & 0x020f) {
        !           843:                /* there was an error */
        !           844:                goto err;
        !           845:        }
        !           846:        /* if (!answers) return; */  /* must have an answer of some form */
        !           847: 
        !           848:        /* This macro skips a name in the DNS reply. */
        !           849: #define SKIP_NAME \
        !           850:        do { tmp_name[0] = '\0';                                \
        !           851:                if (name_parse(packet, length, &j, tmp_name, sizeof(tmp_name))<0)\
        !           852:                        goto err;                               \
        !           853:        } while(0)
        !           854: #define TEST_NAME \
        !           855:        do { tmp_name[0] = '\0';                                \
        !           856:                cmp_name[0] = '\0';                             \
        !           857:                k = j;                                          \
        !           858:                if (name_parse(packet, length, &j, tmp_name, sizeof(tmp_name))<0)\
        !           859:                        goto err;                                       \
        !           860:                if (name_parse(req->request, req->request_len, &k, cmp_name, sizeof(cmp_name))<0)       \
        !           861:                        goto err;                               \
        !           862:                if (memcmp(tmp_name, cmp_name, strlen (tmp_name)) != 0) \
        !           863:                        return (-1); /* we ignore mismatching names */  \
        !           864:        } while(0)
        !           865: 
        !           866:        reply.type = req->request_type;
        !           867: 
        !           868:        /* skip over each question in the reply */
        !           869:        for (i = 0; i < questions; ++i) {
        !           870:                /* the question looks like
        !           871:                 *   <label:name><u16:type><u16:class>
        !           872:                 */
        !           873:                TEST_NAME;
        !           874:                j += 4;
        !           875:                if (j > length) goto err;
        !           876:        }
        !           877: 
        !           878:        /* now we have the answer section which looks like
        !           879:         * <label:name><u16:type><u16:class><u32:ttl><u16:len><data...>
        !           880:         */
        !           881: 
        !           882:        for (i = 0; i < answers; ++i) {
        !           883:                u16 type, class;
        !           884: 
        !           885:                SKIP_NAME;
        !           886:                GET16(type);
        !           887:                GET16(class);
        !           888:                GET32(ttl);
        !           889:                GET16(datalength);
        !           890: 
        !           891:                if (type == TYPE_A && class == CLASS_INET) {
        !           892:                        int addrcount, addrtocopy;
        !           893:                        if (req->request_type != TYPE_A) {
        !           894:                                j += datalength; continue;
        !           895:                        }
        !           896:                        if ((datalength & 3) != 0) /* not an even number of As. */
        !           897:                            goto err;
        !           898:                        addrcount = datalength >> 2;
        !           899:                        addrtocopy = MIN(MAX_ADDRS - reply.data.a.addrcount, (unsigned)addrcount);
        !           900: 
        !           901:                        ttl_r = MIN(ttl_r, ttl);
        !           902:                        /* we only bother with the first four addresses. */
        !           903:                        if (j + 4*addrtocopy > length) goto err;
        !           904:                        memcpy(&reply.data.a.addresses[reply.data.a.addrcount],
        !           905:                                   packet + j, 4*addrtocopy);
        !           906:                        j += 4*addrtocopy;
        !           907:                        reply.data.a.addrcount += addrtocopy;
        !           908:                        reply.have_answer = 1;
        !           909:                        if (reply.data.a.addrcount == MAX_ADDRS) break;
        !           910:                } else if (type == TYPE_PTR && class == CLASS_INET) {
        !           911:                        if (req->request_type != TYPE_PTR) {
        !           912:                                j += datalength; continue;
        !           913:                        }
        !           914:                        if (name_parse(packet, length, &j, reply.data.ptr.name,
        !           915:                                                   sizeof(reply.data.ptr.name))<0)
        !           916:                                goto err;
        !           917:                        ttl_r = MIN(ttl_r, ttl);
        !           918:                        reply.have_answer = 1;
        !           919:                        break;
        !           920:                } else if (type == TYPE_AAAA && class == CLASS_INET) {
        !           921:                        int addrcount, addrtocopy;
        !           922:                        if (req->request_type != TYPE_AAAA) {
        !           923:                                j += datalength; continue;
        !           924:                        }
        !           925:                        if ((datalength & 15) != 0) /* not an even number of AAAAs. */
        !           926:                                goto err;
        !           927:                        addrcount = datalength >> 4;  /* each address is 16 bytes long */
        !           928:                        addrtocopy = MIN(MAX_ADDRS - reply.data.aaaa.addrcount, (unsigned)addrcount);
        !           929:                        ttl_r = MIN(ttl_r, ttl);
        !           930: 
        !           931:                        /* we only bother with the first four addresses. */
        !           932:                        if (j + 16*addrtocopy > length) goto err;
        !           933:                        memcpy(&reply.data.aaaa.addresses[reply.data.aaaa.addrcount],
        !           934:                                   packet + j, 16*addrtocopy);
        !           935:                        reply.data.aaaa.addrcount += addrtocopy;
        !           936:                        j += 16*addrtocopy;
        !           937:                        reply.have_answer = 1;
        !           938:                        if (reply.data.aaaa.addrcount == MAX_ADDRS) break;
        !           939:                } else {
        !           940:                        /* skip over any other type of resource */
        !           941:                        j += datalength;
        !           942:                }
        !           943:        }
        !           944: 
        !           945:        reply_handle(req, flags, ttl_r, &reply);
        !           946:        return 0;
        !           947:  err:
        !           948:        if (req)
        !           949:                reply_handle(req, flags, 0, NULL);
        !           950:        return -1;
        !           951: }
        !           952: 
        !           953: /* Parse a raw request (packet,length) sent to a nameserver port (port) from */
        !           954: /* a DNS client (addr,addrlen), and if it's well-formed, call the corresponding */
        !           955: /* callback. */
        !           956: static int
        !           957: request_parse(u8 *packet, int length, struct evdns_server_port *port, struct sockaddr *addr, socklen_t addrlen)
        !           958: {
        !           959:        int j = 0;      /* index into packet */
        !           960:        u16 _t;  /* used by the macros */
        !           961:        char tmp_name[256]; /* used by the macros */
        !           962: 
        !           963:        int i;
        !           964:        u16 trans_id, flags, questions, answers, authority, additional;
        !           965:        struct server_request *server_req = NULL;
        !           966: 
        !           967:        /* Get the header fields */
        !           968:        GET16(trans_id);
        !           969:        GET16(flags);
        !           970:        GET16(questions);
        !           971:        GET16(answers);
        !           972:        GET16(authority);
        !           973:        GET16(additional);
        !           974: 
        !           975:        if (flags & 0x8000) return -1; /* Must not be an answer. */
        !           976:        flags &= 0x0110; /* Only RD and CD get preserved. */
        !           977: 
        !           978:        server_req = malloc(sizeof(struct server_request));
        !           979:        if (server_req == NULL) return -1;
        !           980:        memset(server_req, 0, sizeof(struct server_request));
        !           981: 
        !           982:        server_req->trans_id = trans_id;
        !           983:        memcpy(&server_req->addr, addr, addrlen);
        !           984:        server_req->addrlen = addrlen;
        !           985: 
        !           986:        server_req->base.flags = flags;
        !           987:        server_req->base.nquestions = 0;
        !           988:        server_req->base.questions = malloc(sizeof(struct evdns_server_question *) * questions);
        !           989:        if (server_req->base.questions == NULL)
        !           990:                goto err;
        !           991: 
        !           992:        for (i = 0; i < questions; ++i) {
        !           993:                u16 type, class;
        !           994:                struct evdns_server_question *q;
        !           995:                int namelen;
        !           996:                if (name_parse(packet, length, &j, tmp_name, sizeof(tmp_name))<0)
        !           997:                        goto err;
        !           998:                GET16(type);
        !           999:                GET16(class);
        !          1000:                namelen = strlen(tmp_name);
        !          1001:                q = malloc(sizeof(struct evdns_server_question) + namelen);
        !          1002:                if (!q)
        !          1003:                        goto err;
        !          1004:                q->type = type;
        !          1005:                q->dns_question_class = class;
        !          1006:                memcpy(q->name, tmp_name, namelen+1);
        !          1007:                server_req->base.questions[server_req->base.nquestions++] = q;
        !          1008:        }
        !          1009: 
        !          1010:        /* Ignore answers, authority, and additional. */
        !          1011: 
        !          1012:        server_req->port = port;
        !          1013:        port->refcnt++;
        !          1014: 
        !          1015:        /* Only standard queries are supported. */
        !          1016:        if (flags & 0x7800) {
        !          1017:                evdns_server_request_respond(&(server_req->base), DNS_ERR_NOTIMPL);
        !          1018:                return -1;
        !          1019:        }
        !          1020: 
        !          1021:        port->user_callback(&(server_req->base), port->user_data);
        !          1022: 
        !          1023:        return 0;
        !          1024: err:
        !          1025:        if (server_req) {
        !          1026:                if (server_req->base.questions) {
        !          1027:                        for (i = 0; i < server_req->base.nquestions; ++i)
        !          1028:                                free(server_req->base.questions[i]);
        !          1029:                        free(server_req->base.questions);
        !          1030:                }
        !          1031:                free(server_req);
        !          1032:        }
        !          1033:        return -1;
        !          1034: 
        !          1035: #undef SKIP_NAME
        !          1036: #undef GET32
        !          1037: #undef GET16
        !          1038: #undef GET8
        !          1039: }
        !          1040: 
        !          1041: static u16
        !          1042: default_transaction_id_fn(void)
        !          1043: {
        !          1044:        u16 trans_id;
        !          1045: #ifdef DNS_USE_CPU_CLOCK_FOR_ID
        !          1046:        struct timespec ts;
        !          1047:        static int clkid = -1;
        !          1048:        if (clkid == -1) {
        !          1049:                clkid = CLOCK_REALTIME;
        !          1050: #ifdef CLOCK_MONOTONIC
        !          1051:                if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts) != -1)
        !          1052:                        clkid = CLOCK_MONOTONIC;
        !          1053: #endif
        !          1054:        }
        !          1055:        if (clock_gettime(clkid, &ts) == -1)
        !          1056:                event_err(1, "clock_gettime");
        !          1057:        trans_id = ts.tv_nsec & 0xffff;
        !          1058: #endif
        !          1059: 
        !          1060: #ifdef DNS_USE_FTIME_FOR_ID
        !          1061:        struct _timeb tb;
        !          1062:        _ftime(&tb);
        !          1063:        trans_id = tb.millitm & 0xffff;
        !          1064: #endif
        !          1065: 
        !          1066: #ifdef DNS_USE_GETTIMEOFDAY_FOR_ID
        !          1067:        struct timeval tv;
        !          1068:        evutil_gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
        !          1069:        trans_id = tv.tv_usec & 0xffff;
        !          1070: #endif
        !          1071: 
        !          1072: #ifdef DNS_USE_OPENSSL_FOR_ID
        !          1073:        if (RAND_pseudo_bytes((u8 *) &trans_id, 2) == -1) {
        !          1074:                /* in the case that the RAND call fails we back */
        !          1075:                /* down to using gettimeofday. */
        !          1076:                /*
        !          1077:                  struct timeval tv;
        !          1078:                  evutil_gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
        !          1079:                  trans_id = tv.tv_usec & 0xffff;
        !          1080:                */
        !          1081:                abort();
        !          1082:        }
        !          1083: #endif
        !          1084:        return trans_id;
        !          1085: }
        !          1086: 
        !          1087: static ev_uint16_t (*trans_id_function)(void) = default_transaction_id_fn;
        !          1088: 
        !          1089: void
        !          1090: evdns_set_transaction_id_fn(ev_uint16_t (*fn)(void))
        !          1091: {
        !          1092:        if (fn)
        !          1093:                trans_id_function = fn;
        !          1094:        else
        !          1095:                trans_id_function = default_transaction_id_fn;
        !          1096: }
        !          1097: 
        !          1098: /* Try to choose a strong transaction id which isn't already in flight */
        !          1099: static u16
        !          1100: transaction_id_pick(void) {
        !          1101:        for (;;) {
        !          1102:                const struct request *req = req_head, *started_at;
        !          1103:                u16 trans_id = trans_id_function();
        !          1104: 
        !          1105:                if (trans_id == 0xffff) continue;
        !          1106:                /* now check to see if that id is already inflight */
        !          1107:                req = started_at = req_head;
        !          1108:                if (req) {
        !          1109:                        do {
        !          1110:                                if (req->trans_id == trans_id) break;
        !          1111:                                req = req->next;
        !          1112:                        } while (req != started_at);
        !          1113:                }
        !          1114:                /* we didn't find it, so this is a good id */
        !          1115:                if (req == started_at) return trans_id;
        !          1116:        }
        !          1117: }
        !          1118: 
        !          1119: /* choose a namesever to use. This function will try to ignore */
        !          1120: /* nameservers which we think are down and load balance across the rest */
        !          1121: /* by updating the server_head global each time. */
        !          1122: static struct nameserver *
        !          1123: nameserver_pick(void) {
        !          1124:        struct nameserver *started_at = server_head, *picked;
        !          1125:        if (!server_head) return NULL;
        !          1126: 
        !          1127:        /* if we don't have any good nameservers then there's no */
        !          1128:        /* point in trying to find one. */
        !          1129:        if (!global_good_nameservers) {
        !          1130:                server_head = server_head->next;
        !          1131:                return server_head;
        !          1132:        }
        !          1133: 
        !          1134:        /* remember that nameservers are in a circular list */
        !          1135:        for (;;) {
        !          1136:                if (server_head->state) {
        !          1137:                        /* we think this server is currently good */
        !          1138:                        picked = server_head;
        !          1139:                        server_head = server_head->next;
        !          1140:                        return picked;
        !          1141:                }
        !          1142: 
        !          1143:                server_head = server_head->next;
        !          1144:                if (server_head == started_at) {
        !          1145:                        /* all the nameservers seem to be down */
        !          1146:                        /* so we just return this one and hope for the */
        !          1147:                        /* best */
        !          1148:                        assert(global_good_nameservers == 0);
        !          1149:                        picked = server_head;
        !          1150:                        server_head = server_head->next;
        !          1151:                        return picked;
        !          1152:                }
        !          1153:        }
        !          1154: }
        !          1155: 
        !          1156: static int
        !          1157: address_is_correct(struct nameserver *ns, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t slen)
        !          1158: {
        !          1159:        struct sockaddr_in *sin = (struct sockaddr_in*) sa;
        !          1160:        if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET || slen != sizeof(struct sockaddr_in))
        !          1161:                return 0;
        !          1162:        if (sin->sin_addr.s_addr != ns->address)
        !          1163:                return 0;
        !          1164:        return 1;
        !          1165: }
        !          1166: 
        !          1167: /* this is called when a namesever socket is ready for reading */
        !          1168: static void
        !          1169: nameserver_read(struct nameserver *ns) {
        !          1170:        u8 packet[1500];
        !          1171:        struct sockaddr_storage ss;
        !          1172:        socklen_t addrlen = sizeof(ss);
        !          1173: 
        !          1174:        for (;;) {
        !          1175:                const int r = recvfrom(ns->socket, packet, sizeof(packet), 0,
        !          1176:                    (struct sockaddr*)&ss, &addrlen);
        !          1177:                if (r < 0) {
        !          1178:                        int err = last_error(ns->socket);
        !          1179:                        if (error_is_eagain(err)) return;
        !          1180:                        nameserver_failed(ns, strerror(err));
        !          1181:                        return;
        !          1182:                }
        !          1183:                if (!address_is_correct(ns, (struct sockaddr*)&ss, addrlen)) {
        !          1184:                        log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Address mismatch on received "
        !          1185:                            "DNS packet.");
        !          1186:                        return;
        !          1187:                }
        !          1188:                ns->timedout = 0;
        !          1189:                reply_parse(packet, r);
        !          1190:        }
        !          1191: }
        !          1192: 
        !          1193: /* Read a packet from a DNS client on a server port s, parse it, and */
        !          1194: /* act accordingly. */
        !          1195: static void
        !          1196: server_port_read(struct evdns_server_port *s) {
        !          1197:        u8 packet[1500];
        !          1198:        struct sockaddr_storage addr;
        !          1199:        socklen_t addrlen;
        !          1200:        int r;
        !          1201: 
        !          1202:        for (;;) {
        !          1203:                addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_storage);
        !          1204:                r = recvfrom(s->socket, packet, sizeof(packet), 0,
        !          1205:                                         (struct sockaddr*) &addr, &addrlen);
        !          1206:                if (r < 0) {
        !          1207:                        int err = last_error(s->socket);
        !          1208:                        if (error_is_eagain(err)) return;
        !          1209:                        log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Error %s (%d) while reading request.",
        !          1210:                                strerror(err), err);
        !          1211:                        return;
        !          1212:                }
        !          1213:                request_parse(packet, r, s, (struct sockaddr*) &addr, addrlen);
        !          1214:        }
        !          1215: }
        !          1216: 
        !          1217: /* Try to write all pending replies on a given DNS server port. */
        !          1218: static void
        !          1219: server_port_flush(struct evdns_server_port *port)
        !          1220: {
        !          1221:        while (port->pending_replies) {
        !          1222:                struct server_request *req = port->pending_replies;
        !          1223:                int r = sendto(port->socket, req->response, req->response_len, 0,
        !          1224:                           (struct sockaddr*) &req->addr, req->addrlen);
        !          1225:                if (r < 0) {
        !          1226:                        int err = last_error(port->socket);
        !          1227:                        if (error_is_eagain(err))
        !          1228:                                return;
        !          1229:                        log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Error %s (%d) while writing response to port; dropping", strerror(err), err);
        !          1230:                }
        !          1231:                if (server_request_free(req)) {
        !          1232:                        /* we released the last reference to req->port. */
        !          1233:                        return;
        !          1234:                }
        !          1235:        }
        !          1236: 
        !          1237:        /* We have no more pending requests; stop listening for 'writeable' events. */
        !          1238:        (void) event_del(&port->event);
        !          1239:        event_set(&port->event, port->socket, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST,
        !          1240:                          server_port_ready_callback, port);
        !          1241:        if (event_add(&port->event, NULL) < 0) {
        !          1242:                log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Error from libevent when adding event for DNS server.");
        !          1243:                /* ???? Do more? */
        !          1244:        }
        !          1245: }
        !          1246: 
        !          1247: /* set if we are waiting for the ability to write to this server. */
        !          1248: /* if waiting is true then we ask libevent for EV_WRITE events, otherwise */
        !          1249: /* we stop these events. */
        !          1250: static void
        !          1251: nameserver_write_waiting(struct nameserver *ns, char waiting) {
        !          1252:        if (ns->write_waiting == waiting) return;
        !          1253: 
        !          1254:        ns->write_waiting = waiting;
        !          1255:        (void) event_del(&ns->event);
        !          1256:        event_set(&ns->event, ns->socket, EV_READ | (waiting ? EV_WRITE : 0) | EV_PERSIST,
        !          1257:                        nameserver_ready_callback, ns);
        !          1258:        if (event_add(&ns->event, NULL) < 0) {
        !          1259:           log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Error from libevent when adding event for %s",
        !          1260:               debug_ntoa(ns->address));
        !          1261:           /* ???? Do more? */
        !          1262:         }
        !          1263: }
        !          1264: 
        !          1265: /* a callback function. Called by libevent when the kernel says that */
        !          1266: /* a nameserver socket is ready for writing or reading */
        !          1267: static void
        !          1268: nameserver_ready_callback(int fd, short events, void *arg) {
        !          1269:        struct nameserver *ns = (struct nameserver *) arg;
        !          1270:         (void)fd;
        !          1271: 
        !          1272:        if (events & EV_WRITE) {
        !          1273:                ns->choked = 0;
        !          1274:                if (!evdns_transmit()) {
        !          1275:                        nameserver_write_waiting(ns, 0);
        !          1276:                }
        !          1277:        }
        !          1278:        if (events & EV_READ) {
        !          1279:                nameserver_read(ns);
        !          1280:        }
        !          1281: }
        !          1282: 
        !          1283: /* a callback function. Called by libevent when the kernel says that */
        !          1284: /* a server socket is ready for writing or reading. */
        !          1285: static void
        !          1286: server_port_ready_callback(int fd, short events, void *arg) {
        !          1287:        struct evdns_server_port *port = (struct evdns_server_port *) arg;
        !          1288:        (void) fd;
        !          1289: 
        !          1290:        if (events & EV_WRITE) {
        !          1291:                port->choked = 0;
        !          1292:                server_port_flush(port);
        !          1293:        }
        !          1294:        if (events & EV_READ) {
        !          1295:                server_port_read(port);
        !          1296:        }
        !          1297: }
        !          1298: 
        !          1299: /* This is an inefficient representation; only use it via the dnslabel_table_*
        !          1300:  * functions, so that is can be safely replaced with something smarter later. */
        !          1301: #define MAX_LABELS 128
        !          1302: /* Structures used to implement name compression */
        !          1303: struct dnslabel_entry { char *v; off_t pos; };
        !          1304: struct dnslabel_table {
        !          1305:        int n_labels; /* number of current entries */
        !          1306:        /* map from name to position in message */
        !          1307:        struct dnslabel_entry labels[MAX_LABELS];
        !          1308: };
        !          1309: 
        !          1310: /* Initialize dnslabel_table. */
        !          1311: static void
        !          1312: dnslabel_table_init(struct dnslabel_table *table)
        !          1313: {
        !          1314:        table->n_labels = 0;
        !          1315: }
        !          1316: 
        !          1317: /* Free all storage held by table, but not the table itself. */
        !          1318: static void
        !          1319: dnslabel_clear(struct dnslabel_table *table)
        !          1320: {
        !          1321:        int i;
        !          1322:        for (i = 0; i < table->n_labels; ++i)
        !          1323:                free(table->labels[i].v);
        !          1324:        table->n_labels = 0;
        !          1325: }
        !          1326: 
        !          1327: /* return the position of the label in the current message, or -1 if the label */
        !          1328: /* hasn't been used yet. */
        !          1329: static int
        !          1330: dnslabel_table_get_pos(const struct dnslabel_table *table, const char *label)
        !          1331: {
        !          1332:        int i;
        !          1333:        for (i = 0; i < table->n_labels; ++i) {
        !          1334:                if (!strcmp(label, table->labels[i].v))
        !          1335:                        return table->labels[i].pos;
        !          1336:        }
        !          1337:        return -1;
        !          1338: }
        !          1339: 
        !          1340: /* remember that we've used the label at position pos */
        !          1341: static int
        !          1342: dnslabel_table_add(struct dnslabel_table *table, const char *label, off_t pos)
        !          1343: {
        !          1344:        char *v;
        !          1345:        int p;
        !          1346:        if (table->n_labels == MAX_LABELS)
        !          1347:                return (-1);
        !          1348:        v = strdup(label);
        !          1349:        if (v == NULL)
        !          1350:                return (-1);
        !          1351:        p = table->n_labels++;
        !          1352:        table->labels[p].v = v;
        !          1353:        table->labels[p].pos = pos;
        !          1354: 
        !          1355:        return (0);
        !          1356: }
        !          1357: 
        !          1358: /* Converts a string to a length-prefixed set of DNS labels, starting */
        !          1359: /* at buf[j]. name and buf must not overlap. name_len should be the length */
        !          1360: /* of name.     table is optional, and is used for compression. */
        !          1361: /* */
        !          1362: /* Input: abc.def */
        !          1363: /* Output: <3>abc<3>def<0> */
        !          1364: /* */
        !          1365: /* Returns the first index after the encoded name, or negative on error. */
        !          1366: /*      -1      label was > 63 bytes */
        !          1367: /*      -2      name too long to fit in buffer. */
        !          1368: /* */
        !          1369: static off_t
        !          1370: dnsname_to_labels(u8 *const buf, size_t buf_len, off_t j,
        !          1371:                                  const char *name, const int name_len,
        !          1372:                                  struct dnslabel_table *table) {
        !          1373:        const char *end = name + name_len;
        !          1374:        int ref = 0;
        !          1375:        u16 _t;
        !          1376: 
        !          1377: #define APPEND16(x) do {                                                  \
        !          1378:                if (j + 2 > (off_t)buf_len)                                \
        !          1379:                        goto overflow;                                             \
        !          1380:                _t = htons(x);                                                     \
        !          1381:                memcpy(buf + j, &_t, 2);                                   \
        !          1382:                j += 2;                                                                    \
        !          1383:        } while (0)
        !          1384: #define APPEND32(x) do {                                                  \
        !          1385:                if (j + 4 > (off_t)buf_len)                                \
        !          1386:                        goto overflow;                                             \
        !          1387:                _t32 = htonl(x);                                                   \
        !          1388:                memcpy(buf + j, &_t32, 4);                                 \
        !          1389:                j += 4;                                                                    \
        !          1390:        } while (0)
        !          1391: 
        !          1392:        if (name_len > 255) return -2;
        !          1393: 
        !          1394:        for (;;) {
        !          1395:                const char *const start = name;
        !          1396:                if (table && (ref = dnslabel_table_get_pos(table, name)) >= 0) {
        !          1397:                        APPEND16(ref | 0xc000);
        !          1398:                        return j;
        !          1399:                }
        !          1400:                name = strchr(name, '.');
        !          1401:                if (!name) {
        !          1402:                        const unsigned int label_len = end - start;
        !          1403:                        if (label_len > 63) return -1;
        !          1404:                        if ((size_t)(j+label_len+1) > buf_len) return -2;
        !          1405:                        if (table) dnslabel_table_add(table, start, j);
        !          1406:                        buf[j++] = label_len;
        !          1407: 
        !          1408:                        memcpy(buf + j, start, end - start);
        !          1409:                        j += end - start;
        !          1410:                        break;
        !          1411:                } else {
        !          1412:                        /* append length of the label. */
        !          1413:                        const unsigned int label_len = name - start;
        !          1414:                        if (label_len > 63) return -1;
        !          1415:                        if ((size_t)(j+label_len+1) > buf_len) return -2;
        !          1416:                        if (table) dnslabel_table_add(table, start, j);
        !          1417:                        buf[j++] = label_len;
        !          1418: 
        !          1419:                        memcpy(buf + j, start, name - start);
        !          1420:                        j += name - start;
        !          1421:                        /* hop over the '.' */
        !          1422:                        name++;
        !          1423:                }
        !          1424:        }
        !          1425: 
        !          1426:        /* the labels must be terminated by a 0. */
        !          1427:        /* It's possible that the name ended in a . */
        !          1428:        /* in which case the zero is already there */
        !          1429:        if (!j || buf[j-1]) buf[j++] = 0;
        !          1430:        return j;
        !          1431:  overflow:
        !          1432:        return (-2);
        !          1433: }
        !          1434: 
        !          1435: /* Finds the length of a dns request for a DNS name of the given */
        !          1436: /* length. The actual request may be smaller than the value returned */
        !          1437: /* here */
        !          1438: static int
        !          1439: evdns_request_len(const int name_len) {
        !          1440:        return 96 + /* length of the DNS standard header */
        !          1441:                name_len + 2 +
        !          1442:                4;  /* space for the resource type */
        !          1443: }
        !          1444: 
        !          1445: /* build a dns request packet into buf. buf should be at least as long */
        !          1446: /* as evdns_request_len told you it should be. */
        !          1447: /* */
        !          1448: /* Returns the amount of space used. Negative on error. */
        !          1449: static int
        !          1450: evdns_request_data_build(const char *const name, const int name_len,
        !          1451:     const u16 trans_id, const u16 type, const u16 class,
        !          1452:     u8 *const buf, size_t buf_len) {
        !          1453:        off_t j = 0;  /* current offset into buf */
        !          1454:        u16 _t;  /* used by the macros */
        !          1455: 
        !          1456:        APPEND16(trans_id);
        !          1457:        APPEND16(0x0100);  /* standard query, recusion needed */
        !          1458:        APPEND16(1);  /* one question */
        !          1459:        APPEND16(0);  /* no answers */
        !          1460:        APPEND16(0);  /* no authority */
        !          1461:        APPEND16(0);  /* no additional */
        !          1462: 
        !          1463:        j = dnsname_to_labels(buf, buf_len, j, name, name_len, NULL);
        !          1464:        if (j < 0) {
        !          1465:                return (int)j;
        !          1466:        }
        !          1467:        
        !          1468:        APPEND16(type);
        !          1469:        APPEND16(class);
        !          1470: 
        !          1471:        return (int)j;
        !          1472:  overflow:
        !          1473:        return (-1);
        !          1474: }
        !          1475: 
        !          1476: /* exported function */
        !          1477: struct evdns_server_port *
        !          1478: evdns_add_server_port(int socket, int is_tcp, evdns_request_callback_fn_type cb, void *user_data)
        !          1479: {
        !          1480:        struct evdns_server_port *port;
        !          1481:        if (!(port = malloc(sizeof(struct evdns_server_port))))
        !          1482:                return NULL;
        !          1483:        memset(port, 0, sizeof(struct evdns_server_port));
        !          1484: 
        !          1485:        assert(!is_tcp); /* TCP sockets not yet implemented */
        !          1486:        port->socket = socket;
        !          1487:        port->refcnt = 1;
        !          1488:        port->choked = 0;
        !          1489:        port->closing = 0;
        !          1490:        port->user_callback = cb;
        !          1491:        port->user_data = user_data;
        !          1492:        port->pending_replies = NULL;
        !          1493: 
        !          1494:        event_set(&port->event, port->socket, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST,
        !          1495:                          server_port_ready_callback, port);
        !          1496:        event_add(&port->event, NULL); /* check return. */
        !          1497:        return port;
        !          1498: }
        !          1499: 
        !          1500: /* exported function */
        !          1501: void
        !          1502: evdns_close_server_port(struct evdns_server_port *port)
        !          1503: {
        !          1504:        if (--port->refcnt == 0)
        !          1505:                server_port_free(port);
        !          1506:        port->closing = 1;
        !          1507: }
        !          1508: 
        !          1509: /* exported function */
        !          1510: int
        !          1511: evdns_server_request_add_reply(struct evdns_server_request *_req, int section, const char *name, int type, int class, int ttl, int datalen, int is_name, const char *data)
        !          1512: {
        !          1513:        struct server_request *req = TO_SERVER_REQUEST(_req);
        !          1514:        struct server_reply_item **itemp, *item;
        !          1515:        int *countp;
        !          1516: 
        !          1517:        if (req->response) /* have we already answered? */
        !          1518:                return (-1);
        !          1519: 
        !          1520:        switch (section) {
        !          1521:        case EVDNS_ANSWER_SECTION:
        !          1522:                itemp = &req->answer;
        !          1523:                countp = &req->n_answer;
        !          1524:                break;
        !          1525:        case EVDNS_AUTHORITY_SECTION:
        !          1526:                itemp = &req->authority;
        !          1527:                countp = &req->n_authority;
        !          1528:                break;
        !          1529:        case EVDNS_ADDITIONAL_SECTION:
        !          1530:                itemp = &req->additional;
        !          1531:                countp = &req->n_additional;
        !          1532:                break;
        !          1533:        default:
        !          1534:                return (-1);
        !          1535:        }
        !          1536:        while (*itemp) {
        !          1537:                itemp = &((*itemp)->next);
        !          1538:        }
        !          1539:        item = malloc(sizeof(struct server_reply_item));
        !          1540:        if (!item)
        !          1541:                return -1;
        !          1542:        item->next = NULL;
        !          1543:        if (!(item->name = strdup(name))) {
        !          1544:                free(item);
        !          1545:                return -1;
        !          1546:        }
        !          1547:        item->type = type;
        !          1548:        item->dns_question_class = class;
        !          1549:        item->ttl = ttl;
        !          1550:        item->is_name = is_name != 0;
        !          1551:        item->datalen = 0;
        !          1552:        item->data = NULL;
        !          1553:        if (data) {
        !          1554:                if (item->is_name) {
        !          1555:                        if (!(item->data = strdup(data))) {
        !          1556:                                free(item->name);
        !          1557:                                free(item);
        !          1558:                                return -1;
        !          1559:                        }
        !          1560:                        item->datalen = (u16)-1;
        !          1561:                } else {
        !          1562:                        if (!(item->data = malloc(datalen))) {
        !          1563:                                free(item->name);
        !          1564:                                free(item);
        !          1565:                                return -1;
        !          1566:                        }
        !          1567:                        item->datalen = datalen;
        !          1568:                        memcpy(item->data, data, datalen);
        !          1569:                }
        !          1570:        }
        !          1571: 
        !          1572:        *itemp = item;
        !          1573:        ++(*countp);
        !          1574:        return 0;
        !          1575: }
        !          1576: 
        !          1577: /* exported function */
        !          1578: int
        !          1579: evdns_server_request_add_a_reply(struct evdns_server_request *req, const char *name, int n, void *addrs, int ttl)
        !          1580: {
        !          1581:        return evdns_server_request_add_reply(
        !          1582:                  req, EVDNS_ANSWER_SECTION, name, TYPE_A, CLASS_INET,
        !          1583:                  ttl, n*4, 0, addrs);
        !          1584: }
        !          1585: 
        !          1586: /* exported function */
        !          1587: int
        !          1588: evdns_server_request_add_aaaa_reply(struct evdns_server_request *req, const char *name, int n, void *addrs, int ttl)
        !          1589: {
        !          1590:        return evdns_server_request_add_reply(
        !          1591:                  req, EVDNS_ANSWER_SECTION, name, TYPE_AAAA, CLASS_INET,
        !          1592:                  ttl, n*16, 0, addrs);
        !          1593: }
        !          1594: 
        !          1595: /* exported function */
        !          1596: int
        !          1597: evdns_server_request_add_ptr_reply(struct evdns_server_request *req, struct in_addr *in, const char *inaddr_name, const char *hostname, int ttl)
        !          1598: {
        !          1599:        u32 a;
        !          1600:        char buf[32];
        !          1601:        assert(in || inaddr_name);
        !          1602:        assert(!(in && inaddr_name));
        !          1603:        if (in) {
        !          1604:                a = ntohl(in->s_addr);
        !          1605:                evutil_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d.%d.%d.%d.in-addr.arpa",
        !          1606:                                (int)(u8)((a    )&0xff),
        !          1607:                                (int)(u8)((a>>8 )&0xff),
        !          1608:                                (int)(u8)((a>>16)&0xff),
        !          1609:                                (int)(u8)((a>>24)&0xff));
        !          1610:                inaddr_name = buf;
        !          1611:        }
        !          1612:        return evdns_server_request_add_reply(
        !          1613:                  req, EVDNS_ANSWER_SECTION, inaddr_name, TYPE_PTR, CLASS_INET,
        !          1614:                  ttl, -1, 1, hostname);
        !          1615: }
        !          1616: 
        !          1617: /* exported function */
        !          1618: int
        !          1619: evdns_server_request_add_cname_reply(struct evdns_server_request *req, const char *name, const char *cname, int ttl)
        !          1620: {
        !          1621:        return evdns_server_request_add_reply(
        !          1622:                  req, EVDNS_ANSWER_SECTION, name, TYPE_CNAME, CLASS_INET,
        !          1623:                  ttl, -1, 1, cname);
        !          1624: }
        !          1625: 
        !          1626: 
        !          1627: static int
        !          1628: evdns_server_request_format_response(struct server_request *req, int err)
        !          1629: {
        !          1630:        unsigned char buf[1500];
        !          1631:        size_t buf_len = sizeof(buf);
        !          1632:        off_t j = 0, r;
        !          1633:        u16 _t;
        !          1634:        u32 _t32;
        !          1635:        int i;
        !          1636:        u16 flags;
        !          1637:        struct dnslabel_table table;
        !          1638: 
        !          1639:        if (err < 0 || err > 15) return -1;
        !          1640: 
        !          1641:        /* Set response bit and error code; copy OPCODE and RD fields from
        !          1642:         * question; copy RA and AA if set by caller. */
        !          1643:        flags = req->base.flags;
        !          1644:        flags |= (0x8000 | err);
        !          1645: 
        !          1646:        dnslabel_table_init(&table);
        !          1647:        APPEND16(req->trans_id);
        !          1648:        APPEND16(flags);
        !          1649:        APPEND16(req->base.nquestions);
        !          1650:        APPEND16(req->n_answer);
        !          1651:        APPEND16(req->n_authority);
        !          1652:        APPEND16(req->n_additional);
        !          1653: 
        !          1654:        /* Add questions. */
        !          1655:        for (i=0; i < req->base.nquestions; ++i) {
        !          1656:                const char *s = req->base.questions[i]->name;
        !          1657:                j = dnsname_to_labels(buf, buf_len, j, s, strlen(s), &table);
        !          1658:                if (j < 0) {
        !          1659:                        dnslabel_clear(&table);
        !          1660:                        return (int) j;
        !          1661:                }
        !          1662:                APPEND16(req->base.questions[i]->type);
        !          1663:                APPEND16(req->base.questions[i]->dns_question_class);
        !          1664:        }
        !          1665: 
        !          1666:        /* Add answer, authority, and additional sections. */
        !          1667:        for (i=0; i<3; ++i) {
        !          1668:                struct server_reply_item *item;
        !          1669:                if (i==0)
        !          1670:                        item = req->answer;
        !          1671:                else if (i==1)
        !          1672:                        item = req->authority;
        !          1673:                else
        !          1674:                        item = req->additional;
        !          1675:                while (item) {
        !          1676:                        r = dnsname_to_labels(buf, buf_len, j, item->name, strlen(item->name), &table);
        !          1677:                        if (r < 0)
        !          1678:                                goto overflow;
        !          1679:                        j = r;
        !          1680: 
        !          1681:                        APPEND16(item->type);
        !          1682:                        APPEND16(item->dns_question_class);
        !          1683:                        APPEND32(item->ttl);
        !          1684:                        if (item->is_name) {
        !          1685:                                off_t len_idx = j, name_start;
        !          1686:                                j += 2;
        !          1687:                                name_start = j;
        !          1688:                                r = dnsname_to_labels(buf, buf_len, j, item->data, strlen(item->data), &table);
        !          1689:                                if (r < 0)
        !          1690:                                        goto overflow;
        !          1691:                                j = r;
        !          1692:                                _t = htons( (short) (j-name_start) );
        !          1693:                                memcpy(buf+len_idx, &_t, 2);
        !          1694:                        } else {
        !          1695:                                APPEND16(item->datalen);
        !          1696:                                if (j+item->datalen > (off_t)buf_len)
        !          1697:                                        goto overflow;
        !          1698:                                memcpy(buf+j, item->data, item->datalen);
        !          1699:                                j += item->datalen;
        !          1700:                        }
        !          1701:                        item = item->next;
        !          1702:                }
        !          1703:        }
        !          1704: 
        !          1705:        if (j > 512) {
        !          1706: overflow:
        !          1707:                j = 512;
        !          1708:                buf[2] |= 0x02; /* set the truncated bit. */
        !          1709:        }
        !          1710: 
        !          1711:        req->response_len = j;
        !          1712: 
        !          1713:        if (!(req->response = malloc(req->response_len))) {
        !          1714:                server_request_free_answers(req);
        !          1715:                dnslabel_clear(&table);
        !          1716:                return (-1);
        !          1717:        }
        !          1718:        memcpy(req->response, buf, req->response_len);
        !          1719:        server_request_free_answers(req);
        !          1720:        dnslabel_clear(&table);
        !          1721:        return (0);
        !          1722: }
        !          1723: 
        !          1724: /* exported function */
        !          1725: int
        !          1726: evdns_server_request_respond(struct evdns_server_request *_req, int err)
        !          1727: {
        !          1728:        struct server_request *req = TO_SERVER_REQUEST(_req);
        !          1729:        struct evdns_server_port *port = req->port;
        !          1730:        int r;
        !          1731:        if (!req->response) {
        !          1732:                if ((r = evdns_server_request_format_response(req, err))<0)
        !          1733:                        return r;
        !          1734:        }
        !          1735: 
        !          1736:        r = sendto(port->socket, req->response, req->response_len, 0,
        !          1737:                           (struct sockaddr*) &req->addr, req->addrlen);
        !          1738:        if (r<0) {
        !          1739:                int sock_err = last_error(port->socket);
        !          1740:                if (! error_is_eagain(sock_err))
        !          1741:                        return -1;
        !          1742: 
        !          1743:                if (port->pending_replies) {
        !          1744:                        req->prev_pending = port->pending_replies->prev_pending;
        !          1745:                        req->next_pending = port->pending_replies;
        !          1746:                        req->prev_pending->next_pending =
        !          1747:                                req->next_pending->prev_pending = req;
        !          1748:                } else {
        !          1749:                        req->prev_pending = req->next_pending = req;
        !          1750:                        port->pending_replies = req;
        !          1751:                        port->choked = 1;
        !          1752: 
        !          1753:                        (void) event_del(&port->event);
        !          1754:                        event_set(&port->event, port->socket, (port->closing?0:EV_READ) | EV_WRITE | EV_PERSIST, server_port_ready_callback, port);
        !          1755: 
        !          1756:                        if (event_add(&port->event, NULL) < 0) {
        !          1757:                                log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Error from libevent when adding event for DNS server");
        !          1758:                        }
        !          1759: 
        !          1760:                }
        !          1761: 
        !          1762:                return 1;
        !          1763:        }
        !          1764:        if (server_request_free(req))
        !          1765:                return 0;
        !          1766: 
        !          1767:        if (port->pending_replies)
        !          1768:                server_port_flush(port);
        !          1769: 
        !          1770:        return 0;
        !          1771: }
        !          1772: 
        !          1773: /* Free all storage held by RRs in req. */
        !          1774: static void
        !          1775: server_request_free_answers(struct server_request *req)
        !          1776: {
        !          1777:        struct server_reply_item *victim, *next, **list;
        !          1778:        int i;
        !          1779:        for (i = 0; i < 3; ++i) {
        !          1780:                if (i==0)
        !          1781:                        list = &req->answer;
        !          1782:                else if (i==1)
        !          1783:                        list = &req->authority;
        !          1784:                else
        !          1785:                        list = &req->additional;
        !          1786: 
        !          1787:                victim = *list;
        !          1788:                while (victim) {
        !          1789:                        next = victim->next;
        !          1790:                        free(victim->name);
        !          1791:                        if (victim->data)
        !          1792:                                free(victim->data);
        !          1793:                        free(victim);
        !          1794:                        victim = next;
        !          1795:                }
        !          1796:                *list = NULL;
        !          1797:        }
        !          1798: }
        !          1799: 
        !          1800: /* Free all storage held by req, and remove links to it. */
        !          1801: /* return true iff we just wound up freeing the server_port. */
        !          1802: static int
        !          1803: server_request_free(struct server_request *req)
        !          1804: {
        !          1805:        int i, rc=1;
        !          1806:        if (req->base.questions) {
        !          1807:                for (i = 0; i < req->base.nquestions; ++i)
        !          1808:                        free(req->base.questions[i]);
        !          1809:                free(req->base.questions);
        !          1810:        }
        !          1811: 
        !          1812:        if (req->port) {
        !          1813:                if (req->port->pending_replies == req) {
        !          1814:                        if (req->next_pending)
        !          1815:                                req->port->pending_replies = req->next_pending;
        !          1816:                        else
        !          1817:                                req->port->pending_replies = NULL;
        !          1818:                }
        !          1819:                rc = --req->port->refcnt;
        !          1820:        }
        !          1821: 
        !          1822:        if (req->response) {
        !          1823:                free(req->response);
        !          1824:        }
        !          1825: 
        !          1826:        server_request_free_answers(req);
        !          1827: 
        !          1828:        if (req->next_pending && req->next_pending != req) {
        !          1829:                req->next_pending->prev_pending = req->prev_pending;
        !          1830:                req->prev_pending->next_pending = req->next_pending;
        !          1831:        }
        !          1832: 
        !          1833:        if (rc == 0) {
        !          1834:                server_port_free(req->port);
        !          1835:                free(req);
        !          1836:                return (1);
        !          1837:        }
        !          1838:        free(req);
        !          1839:        return (0);
        !          1840: }
        !          1841: 
        !          1842: /* Free all storage held by an evdns_server_port.  Only called when  */
        !          1843: static void
        !          1844: server_port_free(struct evdns_server_port *port)
        !          1845: {
        !          1846:        assert(port);
        !          1847:        assert(!port->refcnt);
        !          1848:        assert(!port->pending_replies);
        !          1849:        if (port->socket > 0) {
        !          1850:                CLOSE_SOCKET(port->socket);
        !          1851:                port->socket = -1;
        !          1852:        }
        !          1853:        (void) event_del(&port->event);
        !          1854:        /* XXXX actually free the port? -NM */
        !          1855: }
        !          1856: 
        !          1857: /* exported function */
        !          1858: int
        !          1859: evdns_server_request_drop(struct evdns_server_request *_req)
        !          1860: {
        !          1861:        struct server_request *req = TO_SERVER_REQUEST(_req);
        !          1862:        server_request_free(req);
        !          1863:        return 0;
        !          1864: }
        !          1865: 
        !          1866: /* exported function */
        !          1867: int
        !          1868: evdns_server_request_get_requesting_addr(struct evdns_server_request *_req, struct sockaddr *sa, int addr_len)
        !          1869: {
        !          1870:        struct server_request *req = TO_SERVER_REQUEST(_req);
        !          1871:        if (addr_len < (int)req->addrlen)
        !          1872:                return -1;
        !          1873:        memcpy(sa, &(req->addr), req->addrlen);
        !          1874:        return req->addrlen;
        !          1875: }
        !          1876: 
        !          1877: #undef APPEND16
        !          1878: #undef APPEND32
        !          1879: 
        !          1880: /* this is a libevent callback function which is called when a request */
        !          1881: /* has timed out. */
        !          1882: static void
        !          1883: evdns_request_timeout_callback(int fd, short events, void *arg) {
        !          1884:        struct request *const req = (struct request *) arg;
        !          1885:         (void) fd;
        !          1886:         (void) events;
        !          1887: 
        !          1888:        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Request %lx timed out", (unsigned long) arg);
        !          1889: 
        !          1890:        req->ns->timedout++;
        !          1891:        if (req->ns->timedout > global_max_nameserver_timeout) {
        !          1892:                req->ns->timedout = 0;
        !          1893:                nameserver_failed(req->ns, "request timed out.");
        !          1894:        }
        !          1895: 
        !          1896:        (void) evtimer_del(&req->timeout_event);
        !          1897:        if (req->tx_count >= global_max_retransmits) {
        !          1898:                /* this request has failed */
        !          1899:                reply_callback(req, 0, DNS_ERR_TIMEOUT, NULL);
        !          1900:                request_finished(req, &req_head);
        !          1901:        } else {
        !          1902:                /* retransmit it */
        !          1903:                evdns_request_transmit(req);
        !          1904:        }
        !          1905: }
        !          1906: 
        !          1907: /* try to send a request to a given server. */
        !          1908: /* */
        !          1909: /* return: */
        !          1910: /*   0 ok */
        !          1911: /*   1 temporary failure */
        !          1912: /*   2 other failure */
        !          1913: static int
        !          1914: evdns_request_transmit_to(struct request *req, struct nameserver *server) {
        !          1915:        struct sockaddr_in sin;
        !          1916:        int r;
        !          1917:        memset(&sin, 0, sizeof(sin));
        !          1918:        sin.sin_addr.s_addr = req->ns->address;
        !          1919:        sin.sin_port = req->ns->port;
        !          1920:        sin.sin_family = AF_INET;
        !          1921: 
        !          1922:        r = sendto(server->socket, req->request, req->request_len, 0,
        !          1923:            (struct sockaddr*)&sin, sizeof(sin));
        !          1924:        if (r < 0) {
        !          1925:                int err = last_error(server->socket);
        !          1926:                if (error_is_eagain(err)) return 1;
        !          1927:                nameserver_failed(req->ns, strerror(err));
        !          1928:                return 2;
        !          1929:        } else if (r != (int)req->request_len) {
        !          1930:                return 1;  /* short write */
        !          1931:        } else {
        !          1932:                return 0;
        !          1933:        }
        !          1934: }
        !          1935: 
        !          1936: /* try to send a request, updating the fields of the request */
        !          1937: /* as needed */
        !          1938: /* */
        !          1939: /* return: */
        !          1940: /*   0 ok */
        !          1941: /*   1 failed */
        !          1942: static int
        !          1943: evdns_request_transmit(struct request *req) {
        !          1944:        int retcode = 0, r;
        !          1945: 
        !          1946:        /* if we fail to send this packet then this flag marks it */
        !          1947:        /* for evdns_transmit */
        !          1948:        req->transmit_me = 1;
        !          1949:        if (req->trans_id == 0xffff) abort();
        !          1950: 
        !          1951:        if (req->ns->choked) {
        !          1952:                /* don't bother trying to write to a socket */
        !          1953:                /* which we have had EAGAIN from */
        !          1954:                return 1;
        !          1955:        }
        !          1956: 
        !          1957:        r = evdns_request_transmit_to(req, req->ns);
        !          1958:        switch (r) {
        !          1959:        case 1:
        !          1960:                /* temp failure */
        !          1961:                req->ns->choked = 1;
        !          1962:                nameserver_write_waiting(req->ns, 1);
        !          1963:                return 1;
        !          1964:        case 2:
        !          1965:                /* failed in some other way */
        !          1966:                retcode = 1;
        !          1967:                /* fall through */
        !          1968:        default:
        !          1969:                /* all ok */
        !          1970:                log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG,
        !          1971:                    "Setting timeout for request %lx", (unsigned long) req);
        !          1972:                if (evtimer_add(&req->timeout_event, &global_timeout) < 0) {
        !          1973:                   log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN,
        !          1974:                      "Error from libevent when adding timer for request %lx",
        !          1975:                       (unsigned long) req);
        !          1976:                   /* ???? Do more? */
        !          1977:                 }
        !          1978:                req->tx_count++;
        !          1979:                req->transmit_me = 0;
        !          1980:                return retcode;
        !          1981:        }
        !          1982: }
        !          1983: 
        !          1984: static void
        !          1985: nameserver_probe_callback(int result, char type, int count, int ttl, void *addresses, void *arg) {
        !          1986:        struct nameserver *const ns = (struct nameserver *) arg;
        !          1987:         (void) type;
        !          1988:         (void) count;
        !          1989:         (void) ttl;
        !          1990:         (void) addresses;
        !          1991: 
        !          1992:        if (result == DNS_ERR_NONE || result == DNS_ERR_NOTEXIST) {
        !          1993:                /* this is a good reply */
        !          1994:                nameserver_up(ns);
        !          1995:        } else nameserver_probe_failed(ns);
        !          1996: }
        !          1997: 
        !          1998: static void
        !          1999: nameserver_send_probe(struct nameserver *const ns) {
        !          2000:        struct request *req;
        !          2001:        /* here we need to send a probe to a given nameserver */
        !          2002:        /* in the hope that it is up now. */
        !          2003: 
        !          2004:        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Sending probe to %s", debug_ntoa(ns->address));
        !          2005: 
        !          2006:        req = request_new(TYPE_A, "www.google.com", DNS_QUERY_NO_SEARCH, nameserver_probe_callback, ns);
        !          2007:         if (!req) return;
        !          2008:        /* we force this into the inflight queue no matter what */
        !          2009:        request_trans_id_set(req, transaction_id_pick());
        !          2010:        req->ns = ns;
        !          2011:        request_submit(req);
        !          2012: }
        !          2013: 
        !          2014: /* returns: */
        !          2015: /*   0 didn't try to transmit anything */
        !          2016: /*   1 tried to transmit something */
        !          2017: static int
        !          2018: evdns_transmit(void) {
        !          2019:        char did_try_to_transmit = 0;
        !          2020: 
        !          2021:        if (req_head) {
        !          2022:                struct request *const started_at = req_head, *req = req_head;
        !          2023:                /* first transmit all the requests which are currently waiting */
        !          2024:                do {
        !          2025:                        if (req->transmit_me) {
        !          2026:                                did_try_to_transmit = 1;
        !          2027:                                evdns_request_transmit(req);
        !          2028:                        }
        !          2029: 
        !          2030:                        req = req->next;
        !          2031:                } while (req != started_at);
        !          2032:        }
        !          2033: 
        !          2034:        return did_try_to_transmit;
        !          2035: }
        !          2036: 
        !          2037: /* exported function */
        !          2038: int
        !          2039: evdns_count_nameservers(void)
        !          2040: {
        !          2041:        const struct nameserver *server = server_head;
        !          2042:        int n = 0;
        !          2043:        if (!server)
        !          2044:                return 0;
        !          2045:        do {
        !          2046:                ++n;
        !          2047:                server = server->next;
        !          2048:        } while (server != server_head);
        !          2049:        return n;
        !          2050: }
        !          2051: 
        !          2052: /* exported function */
        !          2053: int
        !          2054: evdns_clear_nameservers_and_suspend(void)
        !          2055: {
        !          2056:        struct nameserver *server = server_head, *started_at = server_head;
        !          2057:        struct request *req = req_head, *req_started_at = req_head;
        !          2058: 
        !          2059:        if (!server)
        !          2060:                return 0;
        !          2061:        while (1) {
        !          2062:                struct nameserver *next = server->next;
        !          2063:                (void) event_del(&server->event);
        !          2064:                if (evtimer_initialized(&server->timeout_event))
        !          2065:                        (void) evtimer_del(&server->timeout_event);
        !          2066:                if (server->socket >= 0)
        !          2067:                        CLOSE_SOCKET(server->socket);
        !          2068:                free(server);
        !          2069:                if (next == started_at)
        !          2070:                        break;
        !          2071:                server = next;
        !          2072:        }
        !          2073:        server_head = NULL;
        !          2074:        global_good_nameservers = 0;
        !          2075: 
        !          2076:        while (req) {
        !          2077:                struct request *next = req->next;
        !          2078:                req->tx_count = req->reissue_count = 0;
        !          2079:                req->ns = NULL;
        !          2080:                /* ???? What to do about searches? */
        !          2081:                (void) evtimer_del(&req->timeout_event);
        !          2082:                req->trans_id = 0;
        !          2083:                req->transmit_me = 0;
        !          2084: 
        !          2085:                global_requests_waiting++;
        !          2086:                evdns_request_insert(req, &req_waiting_head);
        !          2087:                /* We want to insert these suspended elements at the front of
        !          2088:                 * the waiting queue, since they were pending before any of
        !          2089:                 * the waiting entries were added.  This is a circular list,
        !          2090:                 * so we can just shift the start back by one.*/
        !          2091:                req_waiting_head = req_waiting_head->prev;
        !          2092: 
        !          2093:                if (next == req_started_at)
        !          2094:                        break;
        !          2095:                req = next;
        !          2096:        }
        !          2097:        req_head = NULL;
        !          2098:        global_requests_inflight = 0;
        !          2099: 
        !          2100:        return 0;
        !          2101: }
        !          2102: 
        !          2103: 
        !          2104: /* exported function */
        !          2105: int
        !          2106: evdns_resume(void)
        !          2107: {
        !          2108:        evdns_requests_pump_waiting_queue();
        !          2109:        return 0;
        !          2110: }
        !          2111: 
        !          2112: static int
        !          2113: _evdns_nameserver_add_impl(unsigned long int address, int port) {
        !          2114:        /* first check to see if we already have this nameserver */
        !          2115: 
        !          2116:        const struct nameserver *server = server_head, *const started_at = server_head;
        !          2117:        struct nameserver *ns;
        !          2118:        int err = 0;
        !          2119:        if (server) {
        !          2120:                do {
        !          2121:                        if (server->address == address) return 3;
        !          2122:                        server = server->next;
        !          2123:                } while (server != started_at);
        !          2124:        }
        !          2125: 
        !          2126:        ns = (struct nameserver *) malloc(sizeof(struct nameserver));
        !          2127:         if (!ns) return -1;
        !          2128: 
        !          2129:        memset(ns, 0, sizeof(struct nameserver));
        !          2130: 
        !          2131:        evtimer_set(&ns->timeout_event, nameserver_prod_callback, ns);
        !          2132: 
        !          2133:        ns->socket = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
        !          2134:        if (ns->socket < 0) { err = 1; goto out1; }
        !          2135:         evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(ns->socket);
        !          2136: 
        !          2137:        ns->address = address;
        !          2138:        ns->port = htons(port);
        !          2139:        ns->state = 1;
        !          2140:        event_set(&ns->event, ns->socket, EV_READ | EV_PERSIST, nameserver_ready_callback, ns);
        !          2141:        if (event_add(&ns->event, NULL) < 0) {
        !          2142:           err = 2;
        !          2143:           goto out2;
        !          2144:         }
        !          2145: 
        !          2146:        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Added nameserver %s", debug_ntoa(address));
        !          2147: 
        !          2148:        /* insert this nameserver into the list of them */
        !          2149:        if (!server_head) {
        !          2150:                ns->next = ns->prev = ns;
        !          2151:                server_head = ns;
        !          2152:        } else {
        !          2153:                ns->next = server_head->next;
        !          2154:                ns->prev = server_head;
        !          2155:                server_head->next = ns;
        !          2156:                if (server_head->prev == server_head) {
        !          2157:                        server_head->prev = ns;
        !          2158:                }
        !          2159:        }
        !          2160: 
        !          2161:        global_good_nameservers++;
        !          2162: 
        !          2163:        return 0;
        !          2164: 
        !          2165: out2:
        !          2166:        CLOSE_SOCKET(ns->socket);
        !          2167: out1:
        !          2168:        free(ns);
        !          2169:        log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Unable to add nameserver %s: error %d", debug_ntoa(address), err);
        !          2170:        return err;
        !          2171: }
        !          2172: 
        !          2173: /* exported function */
        !          2174: int
        !          2175: evdns_nameserver_add(unsigned long int address) {
        !          2176:        return _evdns_nameserver_add_impl(address, 53);
        !          2177: }
        !          2178: 
        !          2179: /* exported function */
        !          2180: int
        !          2181: evdns_nameserver_ip_add(const char *ip_as_string) {
        !          2182:        struct in_addr ina;
        !          2183:        int port;
        !          2184:        char buf[20];
        !          2185:        const char *cp;
        !          2186:        cp = strchr(ip_as_string, ':');
        !          2187:        if (! cp) {
        !          2188:                cp = ip_as_string;
        !          2189:                port = 53;
        !          2190:        } else {
        !          2191:                port = strtoint(cp+1);
        !          2192:                if (port < 0 || port > 65535) {
        !          2193:                        return 4;
        !          2194:                }
        !          2195:                if ((cp-ip_as_string) >= (int)sizeof(buf)) {
        !          2196:                        return 4;
        !          2197:                }
        !          2198:                memcpy(buf, ip_as_string, cp-ip_as_string);
        !          2199:                buf[cp-ip_as_string] = '\0';
        !          2200:                cp = buf;
        !          2201:        }
        !          2202:        if (!inet_aton(cp, &ina)) {
        !          2203:                return 4;
        !          2204:        }
        !          2205:        return _evdns_nameserver_add_impl(ina.s_addr, port);
        !          2206: }
        !          2207: 
        !          2208: /* insert into the tail of the queue */
        !          2209: static void
        !          2210: evdns_request_insert(struct request *req, struct request **head) {
        !          2211:        if (!*head) {
        !          2212:                *head = req;
        !          2213:                req->next = req->prev = req;
        !          2214:                return;
        !          2215:        }
        !          2216: 
        !          2217:        req->prev = (*head)->prev;
        !          2218:        req->prev->next = req;
        !          2219:        req->next = *head;
        !          2220:        (*head)->prev = req;
        !          2221: }
        !          2222: 
        !          2223: static int
        !          2224: string_num_dots(const char *s) {
        !          2225:        int count = 0;
        !          2226:        while ((s = strchr(s, '.'))) {
        !          2227:                s++;
        !          2228:                count++;
        !          2229:        }
        !          2230:        return count;
        !          2231: }
        !          2232: 
        !          2233: static struct request *
        !          2234: request_new(int type, const char *name, int flags,
        !          2235:     evdns_callback_type callback, void *user_ptr) {
        !          2236:        const char issuing_now =
        !          2237:            (global_requests_inflight < global_max_requests_inflight) ? 1 : 0;
        !          2238: 
        !          2239:        const int name_len = strlen(name);
        !          2240:        const int request_max_len = evdns_request_len(name_len);
        !          2241:        const u16 trans_id = issuing_now ? transaction_id_pick() : 0xffff;
        !          2242:        /* the request data is alloced in a single block with the header */
        !          2243:        struct request *const req =
        !          2244:            (struct request *) malloc(sizeof(struct request) + request_max_len);
        !          2245:        int rlen;
        !          2246:         (void) flags;
        !          2247: 
        !          2248:         if (!req) return NULL;
        !          2249:        memset(req, 0, sizeof(struct request));
        !          2250: 
        !          2251:        evtimer_set(&req->timeout_event, evdns_request_timeout_callback, req);
        !          2252: 
        !          2253:        /* request data lives just after the header */
        !          2254:        req->request = ((u8 *) req) + sizeof(struct request);
        !          2255:        /* denotes that the request data shouldn't be free()ed */
        !          2256:        req->request_appended = 1;
        !          2257:        rlen = evdns_request_data_build(name, name_len, trans_id,
        !          2258:            type, CLASS_INET, req->request, request_max_len);
        !          2259:        if (rlen < 0)
        !          2260:                goto err1;
        !          2261:        req->request_len = rlen;
        !          2262:        req->trans_id = trans_id;
        !          2263:        req->tx_count = 0;
        !          2264:        req->request_type = type;
        !          2265:        req->user_pointer = user_ptr;
        !          2266:        req->user_callback = callback;
        !          2267:        req->ns = issuing_now ? nameserver_pick() : NULL;
        !          2268:        req->next = req->prev = NULL;
        !          2269: 
        !          2270:        return req;
        !          2271: err1:
        !          2272:        free(req);
        !          2273:        return NULL;
        !          2274: }
        !          2275: 
        !          2276: static void
        !          2277: request_submit(struct request *const req) {
        !          2278:        if (req->ns) {
        !          2279:                /* if it has a nameserver assigned then this is going */
        !          2280:                /* straight into the inflight queue */
        !          2281:                evdns_request_insert(req, &req_head);
        !          2282:                global_requests_inflight++;
        !          2283:                evdns_request_transmit(req);
        !          2284:        } else {
        !          2285:                evdns_request_insert(req, &req_waiting_head);
        !          2286:                global_requests_waiting++;
        !          2287:        }
        !          2288: }
        !          2289: 
        !          2290: /* exported function */
        !          2291: int evdns_resolve_ipv4(const char *name, int flags,
        !          2292:     evdns_callback_type callback, void *ptr) {
        !          2293:        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Resolve requested for %s", name);
        !          2294:        if (flags & DNS_QUERY_NO_SEARCH) {
        !          2295:                struct request *const req =
        !          2296:                        request_new(TYPE_A, name, flags, callback, ptr);
        !          2297:                if (req == NULL)
        !          2298:                        return (1);
        !          2299:                request_submit(req);
        !          2300:                return (0);
        !          2301:        } else {
        !          2302:                return (search_request_new(TYPE_A, name, flags, callback, ptr));
        !          2303:        }
        !          2304: }
        !          2305: 
        !          2306: /* exported function */
        !          2307: int evdns_resolve_ipv6(const char *name, int flags,
        !          2308:                                           evdns_callback_type callback, void *ptr) {
        !          2309:        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Resolve requested for %s", name);
        !          2310:        if (flags & DNS_QUERY_NO_SEARCH) {
        !          2311:                struct request *const req =
        !          2312:                        request_new(TYPE_AAAA, name, flags, callback, ptr);
        !          2313:                if (req == NULL)
        !          2314:                        return (1);
        !          2315:                request_submit(req);
        !          2316:                return (0);
        !          2317:        } else {
        !          2318:                return (search_request_new(TYPE_AAAA, name, flags, callback, ptr));
        !          2319:        }
        !          2320: }
        !          2321: 
        !          2322: int evdns_resolve_reverse(const struct in_addr *in, int flags, evdns_callback_type callback, void *ptr) {
        !          2323:        char buf[32];
        !          2324:        struct request *req;
        !          2325:        u32 a;
        !          2326:        assert(in);
        !          2327:        a = ntohl(in->s_addr);
        !          2328:        evutil_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%d.%d.%d.%d.in-addr.arpa",
        !          2329:                        (int)(u8)((a    )&0xff),
        !          2330:                        (int)(u8)((a>>8 )&0xff),
        !          2331:                        (int)(u8)((a>>16)&0xff),
        !          2332:                        (int)(u8)((a>>24)&0xff));
        !          2333:        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Resolve requested for %s (reverse)", buf);
        !          2334:        req = request_new(TYPE_PTR, buf, flags, callback, ptr);
        !          2335:        if (!req) return 1;
        !          2336:        request_submit(req);
        !          2337:        return 0;
        !          2338: }
        !          2339: 
        !          2340: int evdns_resolve_reverse_ipv6(const struct in6_addr *in, int flags, evdns_callback_type callback, void *ptr) {
        !          2341:        /* 32 nybbles, 32 periods, "ip6.arpa", NUL. */
        !          2342:        char buf[73];
        !          2343:        char *cp;
        !          2344:        struct request *req;
        !          2345:        int i;
        !          2346:        assert(in);
        !          2347:        cp = buf;
        !          2348:        for (i=15; i >= 0; --i) {
        !          2349:                u8 byte = in->s6_addr[i];
        !          2350:                *cp++ = "0123456789abcdef"[byte & 0x0f];
        !          2351:                *cp++ = '.';
        !          2352:                *cp++ = "0123456789abcdef"[byte >> 4];
        !          2353:                *cp++ = '.';
        !          2354:        }
        !          2355:        assert(cp + strlen("ip6.arpa") < buf+sizeof(buf));
        !          2356:        memcpy(cp, "ip6.arpa", strlen("ip6.arpa")+1);
        !          2357:        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Resolve requested for %s (reverse)", buf);
        !          2358:        req = request_new(TYPE_PTR, buf, flags, callback, ptr);
        !          2359:        if (!req) return 1;
        !          2360:        request_submit(req);
        !          2361:        return 0;
        !          2362: }
        !          2363: 
        !          2364: /*/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
        !          2365: /* Search support */
        !          2366: /* */
        !          2367: /* the libc resolver has support for searching a number of domains */
        !          2368: /* to find a name. If nothing else then it takes the single domain */
        !          2369: /* from the gethostname() call. */
        !          2370: /* */
        !          2371: /* It can also be configured via the domain and search options in a */
        !          2372: /* resolv.conf. */
        !          2373: /* */
        !          2374: /* The ndots option controls how many dots it takes for the resolver */
        !          2375: /* to decide that a name is non-local and so try a raw lookup first. */
        !          2376: 
        !          2377: struct search_domain {
        !          2378:        int len;
        !          2379:        struct search_domain *next;
        !          2380:        /* the text string is appended to this structure */
        !          2381: };
        !          2382: 
        !          2383: struct search_state {
        !          2384:        int refcount;
        !          2385:        int ndots;
        !          2386:        int num_domains;
        !          2387:        struct search_domain *head;
        !          2388: };
        !          2389: 
        !          2390: static struct search_state *global_search_state = NULL;
        !          2391: 
        !          2392: static void
        !          2393: search_state_decref(struct search_state *const state) {
        !          2394:        if (!state) return;
        !          2395:        state->refcount--;
        !          2396:        if (!state->refcount) {
        !          2397:                struct search_domain *next, *dom;
        !          2398:                for (dom = state->head; dom; dom = next) {
        !          2399:                        next = dom->next;
        !          2400:                        free(dom);
        !          2401:                }
        !          2402:                free(state);
        !          2403:        }
        !          2404: }
        !          2405: 
        !          2406: static struct search_state *
        !          2407: search_state_new(void) {
        !          2408:        struct search_state *state = (struct search_state *) malloc(sizeof(struct search_state));
        !          2409:         if (!state) return NULL;
        !          2410:        memset(state, 0, sizeof(struct search_state));
        !          2411:        state->refcount = 1;
        !          2412:        state->ndots = 1;
        !          2413: 
        !          2414:        return state;
        !          2415: }
        !          2416: 
        !          2417: static void
        !          2418: search_postfix_clear(void) {
        !          2419:        search_state_decref(global_search_state);
        !          2420: 
        !          2421:        global_search_state = search_state_new();
        !          2422: }
        !          2423: 
        !          2424: /* exported function */
        !          2425: void
        !          2426: evdns_search_clear(void) {
        !          2427:        search_postfix_clear();
        !          2428: }
        !          2429: 
        !          2430: static void
        !          2431: search_postfix_add(const char *domain) {
        !          2432:        int domain_len;
        !          2433:        struct search_domain *sdomain;
        !          2434:        while (domain[0] == '.') domain++;
        !          2435:        domain_len = strlen(domain);
        !          2436: 
        !          2437:        if (!global_search_state) global_search_state = search_state_new();
        !          2438:         if (!global_search_state) return;
        !          2439:        global_search_state->num_domains++;
        !          2440: 
        !          2441:        sdomain = (struct search_domain *) malloc(sizeof(struct search_domain) + domain_len);
        !          2442:         if (!sdomain) return;
        !          2443:        memcpy( ((u8 *) sdomain) + sizeof(struct search_domain), domain, domain_len);
        !          2444:        sdomain->next = global_search_state->head;
        !          2445:        sdomain->len = domain_len;
        !          2446: 
        !          2447:        global_search_state->head = sdomain;
        !          2448: }
        !          2449: 
        !          2450: /* reverse the order of members in the postfix list. This is needed because, */
        !          2451: /* when parsing resolv.conf we push elements in the wrong order */
        !          2452: static void
        !          2453: search_reverse(void) {
        !          2454:        struct search_domain *cur, *prev = NULL, *next;
        !          2455:        cur = global_search_state->head;
        !          2456:        while (cur) {
        !          2457:                next = cur->next;
        !          2458:                cur->next = prev;
        !          2459:                prev = cur;
        !          2460:                cur = next;
        !          2461:        }
        !          2462: 
        !          2463:        global_search_state->head = prev;
        !          2464: }
        !          2465: 
        !          2466: /* exported function */
        !          2467: void
        !          2468: evdns_search_add(const char *domain) {
        !          2469:        search_postfix_add(domain);
        !          2470: }
        !          2471: 
        !          2472: /* exported function */
        !          2473: void
        !          2474: evdns_search_ndots_set(const int ndots) {
        !          2475:        if (!global_search_state) global_search_state = search_state_new();
        !          2476:         if (!global_search_state) return;
        !          2477:        global_search_state->ndots = ndots;
        !          2478: }
        !          2479: 
        !          2480: static void
        !          2481: search_set_from_hostname(void) {
        !          2482:        char hostname[HOST_NAME_MAX + 1], *domainname;
        !          2483: 
        !          2484:        search_postfix_clear();
        !          2485:        if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname))) return;
        !          2486:        domainname = strchr(hostname, '.');
        !          2487:        if (!domainname) return;
        !          2488:        search_postfix_add(domainname);
        !          2489: }
        !          2490: 
        !          2491: /* warning: returns malloced string */
        !          2492: static char *
        !          2493: search_make_new(const struct search_state *const state, int n, const char *const base_name) {
        !          2494:        const int base_len = strlen(base_name);
        !          2495:        const char need_to_append_dot = base_name[base_len - 1] == '.' ? 0 : 1;
        !          2496:        struct search_domain *dom;
        !          2497: 
        !          2498:        for (dom = state->head; dom; dom = dom->next) {
        !          2499:                if (!n--) {
        !          2500:                        /* this is the postfix we want */
        !          2501:                        /* the actual postfix string is kept at the end of the structure */
        !          2502:                        const u8 *const postfix = ((u8 *) dom) + sizeof(struct search_domain);
        !          2503:                        const int postfix_len = dom->len;
        !          2504:                        char *const newname = (char *) malloc(base_len + need_to_append_dot + postfix_len + 1);
        !          2505:                         if (!newname) return NULL;
        !          2506:                        memcpy(newname, base_name, base_len);
        !          2507:                        if (need_to_append_dot) newname[base_len] = '.';
        !          2508:                        memcpy(newname + base_len + need_to_append_dot, postfix, postfix_len);
        !          2509:                        newname[base_len + need_to_append_dot + postfix_len] = 0;
        !          2510:                        return newname;
        !          2511:                }
        !          2512:        }
        !          2513: 
        !          2514:        /* we ran off the end of the list and still didn't find the requested string */
        !          2515:        abort();
        !          2516:        return NULL; /* unreachable; stops warnings in some compilers. */
        !          2517: }
        !          2518: 
        !          2519: static int
        !          2520: search_request_new(int type, const char *const name, int flags, evdns_callback_type user_callback, void *user_arg) {
        !          2521:        assert(type == TYPE_A || type == TYPE_AAAA);
        !          2522:        if ( ((flags & DNS_QUERY_NO_SEARCH) == 0) &&
        !          2523:             global_search_state &&
        !          2524:                 global_search_state->num_domains) {
        !          2525:                /* we have some domains to search */
        !          2526:                struct request *req;
        !          2527:                if (string_num_dots(name) >= global_search_state->ndots) {
        !          2528:                        req = request_new(type, name, flags, user_callback, user_arg);
        !          2529:                        if (!req) return 1;
        !          2530:                        req->search_index = -1;
        !          2531:                } else {
        !          2532:                        char *const new_name = search_make_new(global_search_state, 0, name);
        !          2533:                         if (!new_name) return 1;
        !          2534:                        req = request_new(type, new_name, flags, user_callback, user_arg);
        !          2535:                        free(new_name);
        !          2536:                        if (!req) return 1;
        !          2537:                        req->search_index = 0;
        !          2538:                }
        !          2539:                req->search_origname = strdup(name);
        !          2540:                req->search_state = global_search_state;
        !          2541:                req->search_flags = flags;
        !          2542:                global_search_state->refcount++;
        !          2543:                request_submit(req);
        !          2544:                return 0;
        !          2545:        } else {
        !          2546:                struct request *const req = request_new(type, name, flags, user_callback, user_arg);
        !          2547:                if (!req) return 1;
        !          2548:                request_submit(req);
        !          2549:                return 0;
        !          2550:        }
        !          2551: }
        !          2552: 
        !          2553: /* this is called when a request has failed to find a name. We need to check */
        !          2554: /* if it is part of a search and, if so, try the next name in the list */
        !          2555: /* returns: */
        !          2556: /*   0 another request has been submitted */
        !          2557: /*   1 no more requests needed */
        !          2558: static int
        !          2559: search_try_next(struct request *const req) {
        !          2560:        if (req->search_state) {
        !          2561:                /* it is part of a search */
        !          2562:                char *new_name;
        !          2563:                struct request *newreq;
        !          2564:                req->search_index++;
        !          2565:                if (req->search_index >= req->search_state->num_domains) {
        !          2566:                        /* no more postfixes to try, however we may need to try */
        !          2567:                        /* this name without a postfix */
        !          2568:                        if (string_num_dots(req->search_origname) < req->search_state->ndots) {
        !          2569:                                /* yep, we need to try it raw */
        !          2570:                                newreq = request_new(req->request_type, req->search_origname, req->search_flags, req->user_callback, req->user_pointer);
        !          2571:                                log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Search: trying raw query %s", req->search_origname);
        !          2572:                                if (newreq) {
        !          2573:                                        request_submit(newreq);
        !          2574:                                        return 0;
        !          2575:                                }
        !          2576:                        }
        !          2577:                        return 1;
        !          2578:                }
        !          2579: 
        !          2580:                new_name = search_make_new(req->search_state, req->search_index, req->search_origname);
        !          2581:                 if (!new_name) return 1;
        !          2582:                log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Search: now trying %s (%d)", new_name, req->search_index);
        !          2583:                newreq = request_new(req->request_type, new_name, req->search_flags, req->user_callback, req->user_pointer);
        !          2584:                free(new_name);
        !          2585:                if (!newreq) return 1;
        !          2586:                newreq->search_origname = req->search_origname;
        !          2587:                req->search_origname = NULL;
        !          2588:                newreq->search_state = req->search_state;
        !          2589:                newreq->search_flags = req->search_flags;
        !          2590:                newreq->search_index = req->search_index;
        !          2591:                newreq->search_state->refcount++;
        !          2592:                request_submit(newreq);
        !          2593:                return 0;
        !          2594:        }
        !          2595:        return 1;
        !          2596: }
        !          2597: 
        !          2598: static void
        !          2599: search_request_finished(struct request *const req) {
        !          2600:        if (req->search_state) {
        !          2601:                search_state_decref(req->search_state);
        !          2602:                req->search_state = NULL;
        !          2603:        }
        !          2604:        if (req->search_origname) {
        !          2605:                free(req->search_origname);
        !          2606:                req->search_origname = NULL;
        !          2607:        }
        !          2608: }
        !          2609: 
        !          2610: /*/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// */
        !          2611: /* Parsing resolv.conf files */
        !          2612: 
        !          2613: static void
        !          2614: evdns_resolv_set_defaults(int flags) {
        !          2615:        /* if the file isn't found then we assume a local resolver */
        !          2616:        if (flags & DNS_OPTION_SEARCH) search_set_from_hostname();
        !          2617:        if (flags & DNS_OPTION_NAMESERVERS) evdns_nameserver_ip_add("127.0.0.1");
        !          2618: }
        !          2619: 
        !          2620: #ifndef HAVE_STRTOK_R
        !          2621: static char *
        !          2622: strtok_r(char *s, const char *delim, char **state) {
        !          2623:        return strtok(s, delim);
        !          2624: }
        !          2625: #endif
        !          2626: 
        !          2627: /* helper version of atoi which returns -1 on error */
        !          2628: static int
        !          2629: strtoint(const char *const str) {
        !          2630:        char *endptr;
        !          2631:        const int r = strtol(str, &endptr, 10);
        !          2632:        if (*endptr) return -1;
        !          2633:        return r;
        !          2634: }
        !          2635: 
        !          2636: /* helper version of atoi that returns -1 on error and clips to bounds. */
        !          2637: static int
        !          2638: strtoint_clipped(const char *const str, int min, int max)
        !          2639: {
        !          2640:        int r = strtoint(str);
        !          2641:        if (r == -1)
        !          2642:                return r;
        !          2643:        else if (r<min)
        !          2644:                return min;
        !          2645:        else if (r>max)
        !          2646:                return max;
        !          2647:        else
        !          2648:                return r;
        !          2649: }
        !          2650: 
        !          2651: /* exported function */
        !          2652: int
        !          2653: evdns_set_option(const char *option, const char *val, int flags)
        !          2654: {
        !          2655:        if (!strncmp(option, "ndots:", 6)) {
        !          2656:                const int ndots = strtoint(val);
        !          2657:                if (ndots == -1) return -1;
        !          2658:                if (!(flags & DNS_OPTION_SEARCH)) return 0;
        !          2659:                log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Setting ndots to %d", ndots);
        !          2660:                if (!global_search_state) global_search_state = search_state_new();
        !          2661:                if (!global_search_state) return -1;
        !          2662:                global_search_state->ndots = ndots;
        !          2663:        } else if (!strncmp(option, "timeout:", 8)) {
        !          2664:                const int timeout = strtoint(val);
        !          2665:                if (timeout == -1) return -1;
        !          2666:                if (!(flags & DNS_OPTION_MISC)) return 0;
        !          2667:                log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Setting timeout to %d", timeout);
        !          2668:                global_timeout.tv_sec = timeout;
        !          2669:        } else if (!strncmp(option, "max-timeouts:", 12)) {
        !          2670:                const int maxtimeout = strtoint_clipped(val, 1, 255);
        !          2671:                if (maxtimeout == -1) return -1;
        !          2672:                if (!(flags & DNS_OPTION_MISC)) return 0;
        !          2673:                log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Setting maximum allowed timeouts to %d",
        !          2674:                        maxtimeout);
        !          2675:                global_max_nameserver_timeout = maxtimeout;
        !          2676:        } else if (!strncmp(option, "max-inflight:", 13)) {
        !          2677:                const int maxinflight = strtoint_clipped(val, 1, 65000);
        !          2678:                if (maxinflight == -1) return -1;
        !          2679:                if (!(flags & DNS_OPTION_MISC)) return 0;
        !          2680:                log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Setting maximum inflight requests to %d",
        !          2681:                        maxinflight);
        !          2682:                global_max_requests_inflight = maxinflight;
        !          2683:        } else if (!strncmp(option, "attempts:", 9)) {
        !          2684:                int retries = strtoint(val);
        !          2685:                if (retries == -1) return -1;
        !          2686:                if (retries > 255) retries = 255;
        !          2687:                if (!(flags & DNS_OPTION_MISC)) return 0;
        !          2688:                log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Setting retries to %d", retries);
        !          2689:                global_max_retransmits = retries;
        !          2690:        }
        !          2691:        return 0;
        !          2692: }
        !          2693: 
        !          2694: static void
        !          2695: resolv_conf_parse_line(char *const start, int flags) {
        !          2696:        char *strtok_state;
        !          2697:        static const char *const delims = " \t";
        !          2698: #define NEXT_TOKEN strtok_r(NULL, delims, &strtok_state)
        !          2699: 
        !          2700:        char *const first_token = strtok_r(start, delims, &strtok_state);
        !          2701:        if (!first_token) return;
        !          2702: 
        !          2703:        if (!strcmp(first_token, "nameserver") && (flags & DNS_OPTION_NAMESERVERS)) {
        !          2704:                const char *const nameserver = NEXT_TOKEN;
        !          2705:                struct in_addr ina;
        !          2706: 
        !          2707:                if (nameserver && inet_aton(nameserver, &ina)) {
        !          2708:                        /* address is valid */
        !          2709:                        evdns_nameserver_add(ina.s_addr);
        !          2710:                }
        !          2711:        } else if (!strcmp(first_token, "domain") && (flags & DNS_OPTION_SEARCH)) {
        !          2712:                const char *const domain = NEXT_TOKEN;
        !          2713:                if (domain) {
        !          2714:                        search_postfix_clear();
        !          2715:                        search_postfix_add(domain);
        !          2716:                }
        !          2717:        } else if (!strcmp(first_token, "search") && (flags & DNS_OPTION_SEARCH)) {
        !          2718:                const char *domain;
        !          2719:                search_postfix_clear();
        !          2720: 
        !          2721:                while ((domain = NEXT_TOKEN)) {
        !          2722:                        search_postfix_add(domain);
        !          2723:                }
        !          2724:                search_reverse();
        !          2725:        } else if (!strcmp(first_token, "options")) {
        !          2726:                const char *option;
        !          2727:                while ((option = NEXT_TOKEN)) {
        !          2728:                        const char *val = strchr(option, ':');
        !          2729:                        evdns_set_option(option, val ? val+1 : "", flags);
        !          2730:                }
        !          2731:        }
        !          2732: #undef NEXT_TOKEN
        !          2733: }
        !          2734: 
        !          2735: /* exported function */
        !          2736: /* returns: */
        !          2737: /*   0 no errors */
        !          2738: /*   1 failed to open file */
        !          2739: /*   2 failed to stat file */
        !          2740: /*   3 file too large */
        !          2741: /*   4 out of memory */
        !          2742: /*   5 short read from file */
        !          2743: int
        !          2744: evdns_resolv_conf_parse(int flags, const char *const filename) {
        !          2745:        struct stat st;
        !          2746:        int fd, n, r;
        !          2747:        u8 *resolv;
        !          2748:        char *start;
        !          2749:        int err = 0;
        !          2750: 
        !          2751:        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Parsing resolv.conf file %s", filename);
        !          2752: 
        !          2753:        fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
        !          2754:        if (fd < 0) {
        !          2755:                evdns_resolv_set_defaults(flags);
        !          2756:                return 1;
        !          2757:        }
        !          2758: 
        !          2759:        if (fstat(fd, &st)) { err = 2; goto out1; }
        !          2760:        if (!st.st_size) {
        !          2761:                evdns_resolv_set_defaults(flags);
        !          2762:                err = (flags & DNS_OPTION_NAMESERVERS) ? 6 : 0;
        !          2763:                goto out1;
        !          2764:        }
        !          2765:        if (st.st_size > 65535) { err = 3; goto out1; }  /* no resolv.conf should be any bigger */
        !          2766: 
        !          2767:        resolv = (u8 *) malloc((size_t)st.st_size + 1);
        !          2768:        if (!resolv) { err = 4; goto out1; }
        !          2769: 
        !          2770:        n = 0;
        !          2771:        while ((r = read(fd, resolv+n, (size_t)st.st_size-n)) > 0) {
        !          2772:                n += r;
        !          2773:                if (n == st.st_size)
        !          2774:                        break;
        !          2775:                assert(n < st.st_size);
        !          2776:        }
        !          2777:        if (r < 0) { err = 5; goto out2; }
        !          2778:        resolv[n] = 0;   /* we malloced an extra byte; this should be fine. */
        !          2779: 
        !          2780:        start = (char *) resolv;
        !          2781:        for (;;) {
        !          2782:                char *const newline = strchr(start, '\n');
        !          2783:                if (!newline) {
        !          2784:                        resolv_conf_parse_line(start, flags);
        !          2785:                        break;
        !          2786:                } else {
        !          2787:                        *newline = 0;
        !          2788:                        resolv_conf_parse_line(start, flags);
        !          2789:                        start = newline + 1;
        !          2790:                }
        !          2791:        }
        !          2792: 
        !          2793:        if (!server_head && (flags & DNS_OPTION_NAMESERVERS)) {
        !          2794:                /* no nameservers were configured. */
        !          2795:                evdns_nameserver_ip_add("127.0.0.1");
        !          2796:                err = 6;
        !          2797:        }
        !          2798:        if (flags & DNS_OPTION_SEARCH && (!global_search_state || global_search_state->num_domains == 0)) {
        !          2799:                search_set_from_hostname();
        !          2800:        }
        !          2801: 
        !          2802: out2:
        !          2803:        free(resolv);
        !          2804: out1:
        !          2805:        close(fd);
        !          2806:        return err;
        !          2807: }
        !          2808: 
        !          2809: #ifdef WIN32
        !          2810: /* Add multiple nameservers from a space-or-comma-separated list. */
        !          2811: static int
        !          2812: evdns_nameserver_ip_add_line(const char *ips) {
        !          2813:        const char *addr;
        !          2814:        char *buf;
        !          2815:        int r;
        !          2816:        while (*ips) {
        !          2817:                while (ISSPACE(*ips) || *ips == ',' || *ips == '\t')
        !          2818:                        ++ips;
        !          2819:                addr = ips;
        !          2820:                while (ISDIGIT(*ips) || *ips == '.' || *ips == ':')
        !          2821:                        ++ips;
        !          2822:                buf = malloc(ips-addr+1);
        !          2823:                if (!buf) return 4;
        !          2824:                memcpy(buf, addr, ips-addr);
        !          2825:                buf[ips-addr] = '\0';
        !          2826:                r = evdns_nameserver_ip_add(buf);
        !          2827:                free(buf);
        !          2828:                if (r) return r;
        !          2829:        }
        !          2830:        return 0;
        !          2831: }
        !          2832: 
        !          2833: typedef DWORD(WINAPI *GetNetworkParams_fn_t)(FIXED_INFO *, DWORD*);
        !          2834: 
        !          2835: /* Use the windows GetNetworkParams interface in iphlpapi.dll to */
        !          2836: /* figure out what our nameservers are. */
        !          2837: static int
        !          2838: load_nameservers_with_getnetworkparams(void)
        !          2839: {
        !          2840:        /* Based on MSDN examples and inspection of  c-ares code. */
        !          2841:        FIXED_INFO *fixed;
        !          2842:        HMODULE handle = 0;
        !          2843:        ULONG size = sizeof(FIXED_INFO);
        !          2844:        void *buf = NULL;
        !          2845:        int status = 0, r, added_any;
        !          2846:        IP_ADDR_STRING *ns;
        !          2847:        GetNetworkParams_fn_t fn;
        !          2848: 
        !          2849:        if (!(handle = LoadLibraryA("iphlpapi.dll"))) {
        !          2850:                log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Could not open iphlpapi.dll");
        !          2851:                status = -1;
        !          2852:                goto done;
        !          2853:        }
        !          2854:        if (!(fn = (GetNetworkParams_fn_t) GetProcAddress(handle, "GetNetworkParams"))) {
        !          2855:                log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN, "Could not get address of function.");
        !          2856:                status = -1;
        !          2857:                goto done;
        !          2858:        }
        !          2859: 
        !          2860:        buf = malloc(size);
        !          2861:        if (!buf) { status = 4; goto done; }
        !          2862:        fixed = buf;
        !          2863:        r = fn(fixed, &size);
        !          2864:        if (r != ERROR_SUCCESS && r != ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW) {
        !          2865:                status = -1;
        !          2866:                goto done;
        !          2867:        }
        !          2868:        if (r != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
        !          2869:                free(buf);
        !          2870:                buf = malloc(size);
        !          2871:                if (!buf) { status = 4; goto done; }
        !          2872:                fixed = buf;
        !          2873:                r = fn(fixed, &size);
        !          2874:                if (r != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
        !          2875:                        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "fn() failed.");
        !          2876:                        status = -1;
        !          2877:                        goto done;
        !          2878:                }
        !          2879:        }
        !          2880: 
        !          2881:        assert(fixed);
        !          2882:        added_any = 0;
        !          2883:        ns = &(fixed->DnsServerList);
        !          2884:        while (ns) {
        !          2885:                r = evdns_nameserver_ip_add_line(ns->IpAddress.String);
        !          2886:                if (r) {
        !          2887:                        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG,"Could not add nameserver %s to list,error: %d",
        !          2888:                                (ns->IpAddress.String),(int)GetLastError());
        !          2889:                        status = r;
        !          2890:                        goto done;
        !          2891:                } else {
        !          2892:                        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG,"Succesfully added %s as nameserver",ns->IpAddress.String);
        !          2893:                }
        !          2894: 
        !          2895:                added_any++;
        !          2896:                ns = ns->Next;
        !          2897:        }
        !          2898: 
        !          2899:        if (!added_any) {
        !          2900:                log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "No nameservers added.");
        !          2901:                status = -1;
        !          2902:        }
        !          2903: 
        !          2904:  done:
        !          2905:        if (buf)
        !          2906:                free(buf);
        !          2907:        if (handle)
        !          2908:                FreeLibrary(handle);
        !          2909:        return status;
        !          2910: }
        !          2911: 
        !          2912: static int
        !          2913: config_nameserver_from_reg_key(HKEY key, const char *subkey)
        !          2914: {
        !          2915:        char *buf;
        !          2916:        DWORD bufsz = 0, type = 0;
        !          2917:        int status = 0;
        !          2918: 
        !          2919:        if (RegQueryValueExA(key, subkey, 0, &type, NULL, &bufsz)
        !          2920:            != ERROR_MORE_DATA)
        !          2921:                return -1;
        !          2922:        if (!(buf = malloc(bufsz)))
        !          2923:                return -1;
        !          2924: 
        !          2925:        if (RegQueryValueExA(key, subkey, 0, &type, (LPBYTE)buf, &bufsz)
        !          2926:            == ERROR_SUCCESS && bufsz > 1) {
        !          2927:                status = evdns_nameserver_ip_add_line(buf);
        !          2928:        }
        !          2929: 
        !          2930:        free(buf);
        !          2931:        return status;
        !          2932: }
        !          2933: 
        !          2934: #define SERVICES_KEY "System\\CurrentControlSet\\Services\\"
        !          2935: #define WIN_NS_9X_KEY  SERVICES_KEY "VxD\\MSTCP"
        !          2936: #define WIN_NS_NT_KEY  SERVICES_KEY "Tcpip\\Parameters"
        !          2937: 
        !          2938: static int
        !          2939: load_nameservers_from_registry(void)
        !          2940: {
        !          2941:        int found = 0;
        !          2942:        int r;
        !          2943: #define TRY(k, name) \
        !          2944:        if (!found && config_nameserver_from_reg_key(k,name) == 0) {    \
        !          2945:                log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG,"Found nameservers in %s/%s",#k,name); \
        !          2946:                found = 1;                                              \
        !          2947:        } else if (!found) {                                            \
        !          2948:                log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG,"Didn't find nameservers in %s/%s", \
        !          2949:                    #k,#name);                                          \
        !          2950:        }
        !          2951: 
        !          2952:        if (((int)GetVersion()) > 0) { /* NT */
        !          2953:                HKEY nt_key = 0, interfaces_key = 0;
        !          2954: 
        !          2955:                if (RegOpenKeyExA(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, WIN_NS_NT_KEY, 0,
        !          2956:                                 KEY_READ, &nt_key) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
        !          2957:                        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG,"Couldn't open nt key, %d",(int)GetLastError());
        !          2958:                        return -1;
        !          2959:                }
        !          2960:                r = RegOpenKeyExA(nt_key, "Interfaces", 0,
        !          2961:                             KEY_QUERY_VALUE|KEY_ENUMERATE_SUB_KEYS,
        !          2962:                             &interfaces_key);
        !          2963:                if (r != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
        !          2964:                        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG,"Couldn't open interfaces key, %d",(int)GetLastError());
        !          2965:                        return -1;
        !          2966:                }
        !          2967:                TRY(nt_key, "NameServer");
        !          2968:                TRY(nt_key, "DhcpNameServer");
        !          2969:                TRY(interfaces_key, "NameServer");
        !          2970:                TRY(interfaces_key, "DhcpNameServer");
        !          2971:                RegCloseKey(interfaces_key);
        !          2972:                RegCloseKey(nt_key);
        !          2973:        } else {
        !          2974:                HKEY win_key = 0;
        !          2975:                if (RegOpenKeyExA(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, WIN_NS_9X_KEY, 0,
        !          2976:                                 KEY_READ, &win_key) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
        !          2977:                        log(EVDNS_LOG_DEBUG, "Couldn't open registry key, %d", (int)GetLastError());
        !          2978:                        return -1;
        !          2979:                }
        !          2980:                TRY(win_key, "NameServer");
        !          2981:                RegCloseKey(win_key);
        !          2982:        }
        !          2983: 
        !          2984:        if (found == 0) {
        !          2985:                log(EVDNS_LOG_WARN,"Didn't find any nameservers.");
        !          2986:        }
        !          2987: 
        !          2988:        return found ? 0 : -1;
        !          2989: #undef TRY
        !          2990: }
        !          2991: 
        !          2992: int
        !          2993: evdns_config_windows_nameservers(void)
        !          2994: {
        !          2995:        if (load_nameservers_with_getnetworkparams() == 0)
        !          2996:                return 0;
        !          2997:        return load_nameservers_from_registry();
        !          2998: }
        !          2999: #endif
        !          3000: 
        !          3001: int
        !          3002: evdns_init(void)
        !          3003: {
        !          3004:        int res = 0;
        !          3005: #ifdef WIN32
        !          3006:        res = evdns_config_windows_nameservers();
        !          3007: #else
        !          3008:        res = evdns_resolv_conf_parse(DNS_OPTIONS_ALL, "/etc/resolv.conf");
        !          3009: #endif
        !          3010: 
        !          3011:        return (res);
        !          3012: }
        !          3013: 
        !          3014: const char *
        !          3015: evdns_err_to_string(int err)
        !          3016: {
        !          3017:     switch (err) {
        !          3018:        case DNS_ERR_NONE: return "no error";
        !          3019:        case DNS_ERR_FORMAT: return "misformatted query";
        !          3020:        case DNS_ERR_SERVERFAILED: return "server failed";
        !          3021:        case DNS_ERR_NOTEXIST: return "name does not exist";
        !          3022:        case DNS_ERR_NOTIMPL: return "query not implemented";
        !          3023:        case DNS_ERR_REFUSED: return "refused";
        !          3024: 
        !          3025:        case DNS_ERR_TRUNCATED: return "reply truncated or ill-formed";
        !          3026:        case DNS_ERR_UNKNOWN: return "unknown";
        !          3027:        case DNS_ERR_TIMEOUT: return "request timed out";
        !          3028:        case DNS_ERR_SHUTDOWN: return "dns subsystem shut down";
        !          3029:        default: return "[Unknown error code]";
        !          3030:     }
        !          3031: }
        !          3032: 
        !          3033: void
        !          3034: evdns_shutdown(int fail_requests)
        !          3035: {
        !          3036:        struct nameserver *server, *server_next;
        !          3037:        struct search_domain *dom, *dom_next;
        !          3038: 
        !          3039:        while (req_head) {
        !          3040:                if (fail_requests)
        !          3041:                        reply_callback(req_head, 0, DNS_ERR_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
        !          3042:                request_finished(req_head, &req_head);
        !          3043:        }
        !          3044:        while (req_waiting_head) {
        !          3045:                if (fail_requests)
        !          3046:                        reply_callback(req_waiting_head, 0, DNS_ERR_SHUTDOWN, NULL);
        !          3047:                request_finished(req_waiting_head, &req_waiting_head);
        !          3048:        }
        !          3049:        global_requests_inflight = global_requests_waiting = 0;
        !          3050: 
        !          3051:        for (server = server_head; server; server = server_next) {
        !          3052:                server_next = server->next;
        !          3053:                if (server->socket >= 0)
        !          3054:                        CLOSE_SOCKET(server->socket);
        !          3055:                (void) event_del(&server->event);
        !          3056:                if (server->state == 0)
        !          3057:                         (void) event_del(&server->timeout_event);
        !          3058:                free(server);
        !          3059:                if (server_next == server_head)
        !          3060:                        break;
        !          3061:        }
        !          3062:        server_head = NULL;
        !          3063:        global_good_nameservers = 0;
        !          3064: 
        !          3065:        if (global_search_state) {
        !          3066:                for (dom = global_search_state->head; dom; dom = dom_next) {
        !          3067:                        dom_next = dom->next;
        !          3068:                        free(dom);
        !          3069:                }
        !          3070:                free(global_search_state);
        !          3071:                global_search_state = NULL;
        !          3072:        }
        !          3073:        evdns_log_fn = NULL;
        !          3074: }
        !          3075: 
        !          3076: #ifdef EVDNS_MAIN
        !          3077: void
        !          3078: main_callback(int result, char type, int count, int ttl,
        !          3079:                          void *addrs, void *orig) {
        !          3080:        char *n = (char*)orig;
        !          3081:        int i;
        !          3082:        for (i = 0; i < count; ++i) {
        !          3083:                if (type == DNS_IPv4_A) {
        !          3084:                        printf("%s: %s\n", n, debug_ntoa(((u32*)addrs)[i]));
        !          3085:                } else if (type == DNS_PTR) {
        !          3086:                        printf("%s: %s\n", n, ((char**)addrs)[i]);
        !          3087:                }
        !          3088:        }
        !          3089:        if (!count) {
        !          3090:                printf("%s: No answer (%d)\n", n, result);
        !          3091:        }
        !          3092:        fflush(stdout);
        !          3093: }
        !          3094: void
        !          3095: evdns_server_callback(struct evdns_server_request *req, void *data)
        !          3096: {
        !          3097:        int i, r;
        !          3098:        (void)data;
        !          3099:        /* dummy; give 192.168.11.11 as an answer for all A questions,
        !          3100:         *      give foo.bar.example.com as an answer for all PTR questions. */
        !          3101:        for (i = 0; i < req->nquestions; ++i) {
        !          3102:                u32 ans = htonl(0xc0a80b0bUL);
        !          3103:                if (req->questions[i]->type == EVDNS_TYPE_A &&
        !          3104:                        req->questions[i]->dns_question_class == EVDNS_CLASS_INET) {
        !          3105:                        printf(" -- replying for %s (A)\n", req->questions[i]->name);
        !          3106:                        r = evdns_server_request_add_a_reply(req, req->questions[i]->name,
        !          3107:                                                                                  1, &ans, 10);
        !          3108:                        if (r<0)
        !          3109:                                printf("eeep, didn't work.\n");
        !          3110:                } else if (req->questions[i]->type == EVDNS_TYPE_PTR &&
        !          3111:                                   req->questions[i]->dns_question_class == EVDNS_CLASS_INET) {
        !          3112:                        printf(" -- replying for %s (PTR)\n", req->questions[i]->name);
        !          3113:                        r = evdns_server_request_add_ptr_reply(req, NULL, req->questions[i]->name,
        !          3114:                                                                                        "foo.bar.example.com", 10);
        !          3115:                } else {
        !          3116:                        printf(" -- skipping %s [%d %d]\n", req->questions[i]->name,
        !          3117:                                   req->questions[i]->type, req->questions[i]->dns_question_class);
        !          3118:                }
        !          3119:        }
        !          3120: 
        !          3121:        r = evdns_request_respond(req, 0);
        !          3122:        if (r<0)
        !          3123:                printf("eeek, couldn't send reply.\n");
        !          3124: }
        !          3125: 
        !          3126: void
        !          3127: logfn(int is_warn, const char *msg) {
        !          3128:   (void) is_warn;
        !          3129:   fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", msg);
        !          3130: }
        !          3131: int
        !          3132: main(int c, char **v) {
        !          3133:        int idx;
        !          3134:        int reverse = 0, verbose = 1, servertest = 0;
        !          3135:        if (c<2) {
        !          3136:                fprintf(stderr, "syntax: %s [-x] [-v] hostname\n", v[0]);
        !          3137:                fprintf(stderr, "syntax: %s [-servertest]\n", v[0]);
        !          3138:                return 1;
        !          3139:        }
        !          3140:        idx = 1;
        !          3141:        while (idx < c && v[idx][0] == '-') {
        !          3142:                if (!strcmp(v[idx], "-x"))
        !          3143:                        reverse = 1;
        !          3144:                else if (!strcmp(v[idx], "-v"))
        !          3145:                        verbose = 1;
        !          3146:                else if (!strcmp(v[idx], "-servertest"))
        !          3147:                        servertest = 1;
        !          3148:                else
        !          3149:                        fprintf(stderr, "Unknown option %s\n", v[idx]);
        !          3150:                ++idx;
        !          3151:        }
        !          3152:        event_init();
        !          3153:        if (verbose)
        !          3154:                evdns_set_log_fn(logfn);
        !          3155:        evdns_resolv_conf_parse(DNS_OPTION_NAMESERVERS, "/etc/resolv.conf");
        !          3156:        if (servertest) {
        !          3157:                int sock;
        !          3158:                struct sockaddr_in my_addr;
        !          3159:                sock = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
        !          3160:                 evutil_make_socket_nonblocking(sock);
        !          3161:                my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
        !          3162:                my_addr.sin_port = htons(10053);
        !          3163:                my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
        !          3164:                if (bind(sock, (struct sockaddr*)&my_addr, sizeof(my_addr))<0) {
        !          3165:                        perror("bind");
        !          3166:                        exit(1);
        !          3167:                }
        !          3168:                evdns_add_server_port(sock, 0, evdns_server_callback, NULL);
        !          3169:        }
        !          3170:        for (; idx < c; ++idx) {
        !          3171:                if (reverse) {
        !          3172:                        struct in_addr addr;
        !          3173:                        if (!inet_aton(v[idx], &addr)) {
        !          3174:                                fprintf(stderr, "Skipping non-IP %s\n", v[idx]);
        !          3175:                                continue;
        !          3176:                        }
        !          3177:                        fprintf(stderr, "resolving %s...\n",v[idx]);
        !          3178:                        evdns_resolve_reverse(&addr, 0, main_callback, v[idx]);
        !          3179:                } else {
        !          3180:                        fprintf(stderr, "resolving (fwd) %s...\n",v[idx]);
        !          3181:                        evdns_resolve_ipv4(v[idx], 0, main_callback, v[idx]);
        !          3182:                }
        !          3183:        }
        !          3184:        fflush(stdout);
        !          3185:        event_dispatch();
        !          3186:        return 0;
        !          3187: }
        !          3188: #endif

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