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2: <head>
3: <title>pcre16 specification</title>
4: </head>
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6: <h1>pcre16 man page</h1>
7: <p>
8: Return to the <a href="index.html">PCRE index page</a>.
9: </p>
10: <p>
11: This page is part of the PCRE HTML documentation. It was generated automatically
12: from the original man page. If there is any nonsense in it, please consult the
13: man page, in case the conversion went wrong.
14: <br>
15: <ul>
16: <li><a name="TOC1" href="#SEC1">PCRE 16-BIT API BASIC FUNCTIONS</a>
17: <li><a name="TOC2" href="#SEC2">PCRE 16-BIT API STRING EXTRACTION FUNCTIONS</a>
18: <li><a name="TOC3" href="#SEC3">PCRE 16-BIT API AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS</a>
19: <li><a name="TOC4" href="#SEC4">PCRE 16-BIT API INDIRECTED FUNCTIONS</a>
20: <li><a name="TOC5" href="#SEC5">PCRE 16-BIT API 16-BIT-ONLY FUNCTION</a>
21: <li><a name="TOC6" href="#SEC6">THE PCRE 16-BIT LIBRARY</a>
22: <li><a name="TOC7" href="#SEC7">THE HEADER FILE</a>
23: <li><a name="TOC8" href="#SEC8">THE LIBRARY NAME</a>
24: <li><a name="TOC9" href="#SEC9">STRING TYPES</a>
25: <li><a name="TOC10" href="#SEC10">STRUCTURE TYPES</a>
26: <li><a name="TOC11" href="#SEC11">16-BIT FUNCTIONS</a>
27: <li><a name="TOC12" href="#SEC12">SUBJECT STRING OFFSETS</a>
28: <li><a name="TOC13" href="#SEC13">NAMED SUBPATTERNS</a>
29: <li><a name="TOC14" href="#SEC14">OPTION NAMES</a>
30: <li><a name="TOC15" href="#SEC15">CHARACTER CODES</a>
31: <li><a name="TOC16" href="#SEC16">ERROR NAMES</a>
32: <li><a name="TOC17" href="#SEC17">ERROR TEXTS</a>
33: <li><a name="TOC18" href="#SEC18">CALLOUTS</a>
34: <li><a name="TOC19" href="#SEC19">TESTING</a>
35: <li><a name="TOC20" href="#SEC20">NOT SUPPORTED IN 16-BIT MODE</a>
36: <li><a name="TOC21" href="#SEC21">AUTHOR</a>
37: <li><a name="TOC22" href="#SEC22">REVISION</a>
38: </ul>
39: <P>
40: <b>#include <pcre.h></b>
41: </P>
42: <br><a name="SEC1" href="#TOC1">PCRE 16-BIT API BASIC FUNCTIONS</a><br>
43: <P>
44: <b>pcre16 *pcre16_compile(PCRE_SPTR16 <i>pattern</i>, int <i>options</i>,</b>
45: <b>const char **<i>errptr</i>, int *<i>erroffset</i>,</b>
46: <b>const unsigned char *<i>tableptr</i>);</b>
47: </P>
48: <P>
49: <b>pcre16 *pcre16_compile2(PCRE_SPTR16 <i>pattern</i>, int <i>options</i>,</b>
50: <b>int *<i>errorcodeptr</i>,</b>
51: <b>const char **<i>errptr</i>, int *<i>erroffset</i>,</b>
52: <b>const unsigned char *<i>tableptr</i>);</b>
53: </P>
54: <P>
55: <b>pcre16_extra *pcre16_study(const pcre16 *<i>code</i>, int <i>options</i>,</b>
56: <b>const char **<i>errptr</i>);</b>
57: </P>
58: <P>
59: <b>void pcre16_free_study(pcre16_extra *<i>extra</i>);</b>
60: </P>
61: <P>
62: <b>int pcre16_exec(const pcre16 *<i>code</i>, const pcre16_extra *<i>extra</i>,</b>
63: <b>PCRE_SPTR16 <i>subject</i>, int <i>length</i>, int <i>startoffset</i>,</b>
64: <b>int <i>options</i>, int *<i>ovector</i>, int <i>ovecsize</i>);</b>
65: </P>
66: <P>
67: <b>int pcre16_dfa_exec(const pcre16 *<i>code</i>, const pcre16_extra *<i>extra</i>,</b>
68: <b>PCRE_SPTR16 <i>subject</i>, int <i>length</i>, int <i>startoffset</i>,</b>
69: <b>int <i>options</i>, int *<i>ovector</i>, int <i>ovecsize</i>,</b>
70: <b>int *<i>workspace</i>, int <i>wscount</i>);</b>
71: </P>
72: <br><a name="SEC2" href="#TOC1">PCRE 16-BIT API STRING EXTRACTION FUNCTIONS</a><br>
73: <P>
74: <b>int pcre16_copy_named_substring(const pcre16 *<i>code</i>,</b>
75: <b>PCRE_SPTR16 <i>subject</i>, int *<i>ovector</i>,</b>
76: <b>int <i>stringcount</i>, PCRE_SPTR16 <i>stringname</i>,</b>
77: <b>PCRE_UCHAR16 *<i>buffer</i>, int <i>buffersize</i>);</b>
78: </P>
79: <P>
80: <b>int pcre16_copy_substring(PCRE_SPTR16 <i>subject</i>, int *<i>ovector</i>,</b>
81: <b>int <i>stringcount</i>, int <i>stringnumber</i>, PCRE_UCHAR16 *<i>buffer</i>,</b>
82: <b>int <i>buffersize</i>);</b>
83: </P>
84: <P>
85: <b>int pcre16_get_named_substring(const pcre16 *<i>code</i>,</b>
86: <b>PCRE_SPTR16 <i>subject</i>, int *<i>ovector</i>,</b>
87: <b>int <i>stringcount</i>, PCRE_SPTR16 <i>stringname</i>,</b>
88: <b>PCRE_SPTR16 *<i>stringptr</i>);</b>
89: </P>
90: <P>
91: <b>int pcre16_get_stringnumber(const pcre16 *<i>code</i>,</b>
92: <b>PCRE_SPTR16 <i>name</i>);</b>
93: </P>
94: <P>
95: <b>int pcre16_get_stringtable_entries(const pcre16 *<i>code</i>,</b>
96: <b>PCRE_SPTR16 <i>name</i>, PCRE_UCHAR16 **<i>first</i>, PCRE_UCHAR16 **<i>last</i>);</b>
97: </P>
98: <P>
99: <b>int pcre16_get_substring(PCRE_SPTR16 <i>subject</i>, int *<i>ovector</i>,</b>
100: <b>int <i>stringcount</i>, int <i>stringnumber</i>,</b>
101: <b>PCRE_SPTR16 *<i>stringptr</i>);</b>
102: </P>
103: <P>
104: <b>int pcre16_get_substring_list(PCRE_SPTR16 <i>subject</i>,</b>
105: <b>int *<i>ovector</i>, int <i>stringcount</i>, PCRE_SPTR16 **<i>listptr</i>);</b>
106: </P>
107: <P>
108: <b>void pcre16_free_substring(PCRE_SPTR16 <i>stringptr</i>);</b>
109: </P>
110: <P>
111: <b>void pcre16_free_substring_list(PCRE_SPTR16 *<i>stringptr</i>);</b>
112: </P>
113: <br><a name="SEC3" href="#TOC1">PCRE 16-BIT API AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS</a><br>
114: <P>
115: <b>pcre16_jit_stack *pcre16_jit_stack_alloc(int <i>startsize</i>, int <i>maxsize</i>);</b>
116: </P>
117: <P>
118: <b>void pcre16_jit_stack_free(pcre16_jit_stack *<i>stack</i>);</b>
119: </P>
120: <P>
121: <b>void pcre16_assign_jit_stack(pcre16_extra *<i>extra</i>,</b>
122: <b>pcre16_jit_callback <i>callback</i>, void *<i>data</i>);</b>
123: </P>
124: <P>
125: <b>const unsigned char *pcre16_maketables(void);</b>
126: </P>
127: <P>
128: <b>int pcre16_fullinfo(const pcre16 *<i>code</i>, const pcre16_extra *<i>extra</i>,</b>
129: <b>int <i>what</i>, void *<i>where</i>);</b>
130: </P>
131: <P>
132: <b>int pcre16_refcount(pcre16 *<i>code</i>, int <i>adjust</i>);</b>
133: </P>
134: <P>
135: <b>int pcre16_config(int <i>what</i>, void *<i>where</i>);</b>
136: </P>
137: <P>
138: <b>const char *pcre16_version(void);</b>
139: </P>
140: <P>
141: <b>int pcre16_pattern_to_host_byte_order(pcre16 *<i>code</i>,</b>
142: <b>pcre16_extra *<i>extra</i>, const unsigned char *<i>tables</i>);</b>
143: </P>
144: <br><a name="SEC4" href="#TOC1">PCRE 16-BIT API INDIRECTED FUNCTIONS</a><br>
145: <P>
146: <b>void *(*pcre16_malloc)(size_t);</b>
147: </P>
148: <P>
149: <b>void (*pcre16_free)(void *);</b>
150: </P>
151: <P>
152: <b>void *(*pcre16_stack_malloc)(size_t);</b>
153: </P>
154: <P>
155: <b>void (*pcre16_stack_free)(void *);</b>
156: </P>
157: <P>
158: <b>int (*pcre16_callout)(pcre16_callout_block *);</b>
159: </P>
160: <br><a name="SEC5" href="#TOC1">PCRE 16-BIT API 16-BIT-ONLY FUNCTION</a><br>
161: <P>
162: <b>int pcre16_utf16_to_host_byte_order(PCRE_UCHAR16 *<i>output</i>,</b>
163: <b>PCRE_SPTR16 <i>input</i>, int <i>length</i>, int *<i>byte_order</i>,</b>
164: <b>int <i>keep_boms</i>);</b>
165: </P>
166: <br><a name="SEC6" href="#TOC1">THE PCRE 16-BIT LIBRARY</a><br>
167: <P>
168: Starting with release 8.30, it is possible to compile a PCRE library that
169: supports 16-bit character strings, including UTF-16 strings, as well as or
170: instead of the original 8-bit library. The majority of the work to make this
171: possible was done by Zoltan Herczeg. The two libraries contain identical sets
172: of functions, used in exactly the same way. Only the names of the functions and
173: the data types of their arguments and results are different. To avoid
174: over-complication and reduce the documentation maintenance load, most of the
175: PCRE documentation describes the 8-bit library, with only occasional references
176: to the 16-bit library. This page describes what is different when you use the
177: 16-bit library.
178: </P>
179: <P>
180: WARNING: A single application can be linked with both libraries, but you must
181: take care when processing any particular pattern to use functions from just one
182: library. For example, if you want to study a pattern that was compiled with
183: <b>pcre16_compile()</b>, you must do so with <b>pcre16_study()</b>, not
184: <b>pcre_study()</b>, and you must free the study data with
185: <b>pcre16_free_study()</b>.
186: </P>
187: <br><a name="SEC7" href="#TOC1">THE HEADER FILE</a><br>
188: <P>
189: There is only one header file, <b>pcre.h</b>. It contains prototypes for all the
190: functions in both libraries, as well as definitions of flags, structures, error
191: codes, etc.
192: </P>
193: <br><a name="SEC8" href="#TOC1">THE LIBRARY NAME</a><br>
194: <P>
195: In Unix-like systems, the 16-bit library is called <b>libpcre16</b>, and can
196: normally be accesss by adding <b>-lpcre16</b> to the command for linking an
197: application that uses PCRE.
198: </P>
199: <br><a name="SEC9" href="#TOC1">STRING TYPES</a><br>
200: <P>
201: In the 8-bit library, strings are passed to PCRE library functions as vectors
202: of bytes with the C type "char *". In the 16-bit library, strings are passed as
203: vectors of unsigned 16-bit quantities. The macro PCRE_UCHAR16 specifies an
204: appropriate data type, and PCRE_SPTR16 is defined as "const PCRE_UCHAR16 *". In
205: very many environments, "short int" is a 16-bit data type. When PCRE is built,
206: it defines PCRE_UCHAR16 as "short int", but checks that it really is a 16-bit
207: data type. If it is not, the build fails with an error message telling the
208: maintainer to modify the definition appropriately.
209: </P>
210: <br><a name="SEC10" href="#TOC1">STRUCTURE TYPES</a><br>
211: <P>
212: The types of the opaque structures that are used for compiled 16-bit patterns
213: and JIT stacks are <b>pcre16</b> and <b>pcre16_jit_stack</b> respectively. The
214: type of the user-accessible structure that is returned by <b>pcre16_study()</b>
215: is <b>pcre16_extra</b>, and the type of the structure that is used for passing
216: data to a callout function is <b>pcre16_callout_block</b>. These structures
217: contain the same fields, with the same names, as their 8-bit counterparts. The
218: only difference is that pointers to character strings are 16-bit instead of
219: 8-bit types.
220: </P>
221: <br><a name="SEC11" href="#TOC1">16-BIT FUNCTIONS</a><br>
222: <P>
223: For every function in the 8-bit library there is a corresponding function in
224: the 16-bit library with a name that starts with <b>pcre16_</b> instead of
225: <b>pcre_</b>. The prototypes are listed above. In addition, there is one extra
226: function, <b>pcre16_utf16_to_host_byte_order()</b>. This is a utility function
227: that converts a UTF-16 character string to host byte order if necessary. The
228: other 16-bit functions expect the strings they are passed to be in host byte
229: order.
230: </P>
231: <P>
232: The <i>input</i> and <i>output</i> arguments of
233: <b>pcre16_utf16_to_host_byte_order()</b> may point to the same address, that is,
234: conversion in place is supported. The output buffer must be at least as long as
235: the input.
236: </P>
237: <P>
238: The <i>length</i> argument specifies the number of 16-bit data units in the
239: input string; a negative value specifies a zero-terminated string.
240: </P>
241: <P>
242: If <i>byte_order</i> is NULL, it is assumed that the string starts off in host
243: byte order. This may be changed by byte-order marks (BOMs) anywhere in the
244: string (commonly as the first character).
245: </P>
246: <P>
247: If <i>byte_order</i> is not NULL, a non-zero value of the integer to which it
248: points means that the input starts off in host byte order, otherwise the
249: opposite order is assumed. Again, BOMs in the string can change this. The final
250: byte order is passed back at the end of processing.
251: </P>
252: <P>
253: If <i>keep_boms</i> is not zero, byte-order mark characters (0xfeff) are copied
254: into the output string. Otherwise they are discarded.
255: </P>
256: <P>
257: The result of the function is the number of 16-bit units placed into the output
258: buffer, including the zero terminator if the string was zero-terminated.
259: </P>
260: <br><a name="SEC12" href="#TOC1">SUBJECT STRING OFFSETS</a><br>
261: <P>
262: The offsets within subject strings that are returned by the matching functions
263: are in 16-bit units rather than bytes.
264: </P>
265: <br><a name="SEC13" href="#TOC1">NAMED SUBPATTERNS</a><br>
266: <P>
267: The name-to-number translation table that is maintained for named subpatterns
268: uses 16-bit characters. The <b>pcre16_get_stringtable_entries()</b> function
269: returns the length of each entry in the table as the number of 16-bit data
270: units.
271: </P>
272: <br><a name="SEC14" href="#TOC1">OPTION NAMES</a><br>
273: <P>
274: There are two new general option names, PCRE_UTF16 and PCRE_NO_UTF16_CHECK,
275: which correspond to PCRE_UTF8 and PCRE_NO_UTF8_CHECK in the 8-bit library. In
276: fact, these new options define the same bits in the options word.
277: </P>
278: <P>
279: For the <b>pcre16_config()</b> function there is an option PCRE_CONFIG_UTF16
280: that returns 1 if UTF-16 support is configured, otherwise 0. If this option is
281: given to <b>pcre_config()</b>, or if the PCRE_CONFIG_UTF8 option is given to
282: <b>pcre16_config()</b>, the result is the PCRE_ERROR_BADOPTION error.
283: </P>
284: <br><a name="SEC15" href="#TOC1">CHARACTER CODES</a><br>
285: <P>
286: In 16-bit mode, when PCRE_UTF16 is not set, character values are treated in the
287: same way as in 8-bit, non UTF-8 mode, except, of course, that they can range
288: from 0 to 0xffff instead of 0 to 0xff. Character types for characters less than
289: 0xff can therefore be influenced by the locale in the same way as before.
290: Characters greater than 0xff have only one case, and no "type" (such as letter
291: or digit).
292: </P>
293: <P>
294: In UTF-16 mode, the character code is Unicode, in the range 0 to 0x10ffff, with
295: the exception of values in the range 0xd800 to 0xdfff because those are
296: "surrogate" values that are used in pairs to encode values greater than 0xffff.
297: </P>
298: <P>
299: A UTF-16 string can indicate its endianness by special code knows as a
300: byte-order mark (BOM). The PCRE functions do not handle this, expecting strings
301: to be in host byte order. A utility function called
302: <b>pcre16_utf16_to_host_byte_order()</b> is provided to help with this (see
303: above).
304: </P>
305: <br><a name="SEC16" href="#TOC1">ERROR NAMES</a><br>
306: <P>
307: The errors PCRE_ERROR_BADUTF16_OFFSET and PCRE_ERROR_SHORTUTF16 correspond to
308: their 8-bit counterparts. The error PCRE_ERROR_BADMODE is given when a compiled
309: pattern is passed to a function that processes patterns in the other
310: mode, for example, if a pattern compiled with <b>pcre_compile()</b> is passed to
311: <b>pcre16_exec()</b>.
312: </P>
313: <P>
314: There are new error codes whose names begin with PCRE_UTF16_ERR for invalid
315: UTF-16 strings, corresponding to the PCRE_UTF8_ERR codes for UTF-8 strings that
316: are described in the section entitled
317: <a href="pcreapi.html#badutf8reasons">"Reason codes for invalid UTF-8 strings"</a>
318: in the main
319: <a href="pcreapi.html"><b>pcreapi</b></a>
320: page. The UTF-16 errors are:
321: <pre>
322: PCRE_UTF16_ERR1 Missing low surrogate at end of string
323: PCRE_UTF16_ERR2 Invalid low surrogate follows high surrogate
324: PCRE_UTF16_ERR3 Isolated low surrogate
325: PCRE_UTF16_ERR4 Invalid character 0xfffe
326: </PRE>
327: </P>
328: <br><a name="SEC17" href="#TOC1">ERROR TEXTS</a><br>
329: <P>
330: If there is an error while compiling a pattern, the error text that is passed
331: back by <b>pcre16_compile()</b> or <b>pcre16_compile2()</b> is still an 8-bit
332: character string, zero-terminated.
333: </P>
334: <br><a name="SEC18" href="#TOC1">CALLOUTS</a><br>
335: <P>
336: The <i>subject</i> and <i>mark</i> fields in the callout block that is passed to
337: a callout function point to 16-bit vectors.
338: </P>
339: <br><a name="SEC19" href="#TOC1">TESTING</a><br>
340: <P>
341: The <b>pcretest</b> program continues to operate with 8-bit input and output
342: files, but it can be used for testing the 16-bit library. If it is run with the
343: command line option <b>-16</b>, patterns and subject strings are converted from
344: 8-bit to 16-bit before being passed to PCRE, and the 16-bit library functions
345: are used instead of the 8-bit ones. Returned 16-bit strings are converted to
346: 8-bit for output. If the 8-bit library was not compiled, <b>pcretest</b>
347: defaults to 16-bit and the <b>-16</b> option is ignored.
348: </P>
349: <P>
350: When PCRE is being built, the <b>RunTest</b> script that is called by "make
351: check" uses the <b>pcretest</b> <b>-C</b> option to discover which of the 8-bit
352: and 16-bit libraries has been built, and runs the tests appropriately.
353: </P>
354: <br><a name="SEC20" href="#TOC1">NOT SUPPORTED IN 16-BIT MODE</a><br>
355: <P>
356: Not all the features of the 8-bit library are available with the 16-bit
357: library. The C++ and POSIX wrapper functions support only the 8-bit library,
358: and the <b>pcregrep</b> program is at present 8-bit only.
359: </P>
360: <br><a name="SEC21" href="#TOC1">AUTHOR</a><br>
361: <P>
362: Philip Hazel
363: <br>
364: University Computing Service
365: <br>
366: Cambridge CB2 3QH, England.
367: <br>
368: </P>
369: <br><a name="SEC22" href="#TOC1">REVISION</a><br>
370: <P>
371: Last updated: 08 January 2012
372: <br>
373: Copyright © 1997-2012 University of Cambridge.
374: <br>
375: <p>
376: Return to the <a href="index.html">PCRE index page</a>.
377: </p>
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