Annotation of embedaddon/readline/doc/history.dvi, revision 1.1.1.1
1.1 misho 1: & ; TeX output 2014.02.11:1657 & 33GJN j cmbx12JGNUqHistoryLibraryG 0 & @6K`y
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&qJan!uaryf2014&z\N ff cmbx12\ChetffRameyf,CaseWesternReserveUniversity BrianffFfox,FreeSoftwareffFoundation̉ & * 33fhGThisdoMcumen!tdescribestheGNUړHistorylibrary(v!ersion6.3,6January2014),aprogram-
33GmingtoMolthatpro!videsaconsisten!tuserinterfaceforrecallinglinesofpreviouslyt!ypMedGinput.33GCop!yrightcf?!",
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33.terms
8: ~oftheGNU
9: WFereeDoMcumen!tationLicense,)Version1.3oran!ylaterversion.published^b!ytheFereeSoftwareFeoundation;;<withnoInvdDariantSections,no.Feron!t-CoverxfTexts,andxenoBac!k-CoverTeexts.ΈAxZcopyxfofthelicenseisincluded.infthesectionen!titled\GNUFereeDoMcumentationLicense". &ۍ &Ti33͍GSN G cmbx12STaGablezofConutents)33G\132UsingffHistoryInteractively& &32cg ff cmmi12c:Q &32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:
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10: 5HistoryfExpansion; > b>
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12: cmmi10:ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
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330G1.1.1
14: 5Ev!entfDesignators č :ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : h10G1.1.2
15: 5WeordfDesignators&& :ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
16: ;920G1.1.3
17: 5MoMdi ersw :ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :2 33G\232ProgrammingffwithGNUHistory䯍&32c:Q &32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:\4!G2.1
18: 5In!troMductionftoHistory2@ :ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :x4!G2.2
19: 5HistoryfStorage&ސ :ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :
20: b4!G2.3
21: 5HistoryfFeunctions&yS :ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 50G2.3.1
22: 5InitializingfHistoryandStateManagemen!tP :ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :50G2.3.2
23: 5HistoryfListManagemen!t\s :ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :50G2.3.3
24: 5InformationfAbMouttheHistoryList [ :ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : *60G2.3.4
25: 5Mo!vingfAroundtheHistoryList > :ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : xv60G2.3.5
26: 5Searc!hingftheHistoryList&8 :ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : o70G2.3.6
27: 5ManagingftheHistoryFile :ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 6P70G2.3.7
28: 5HistoryfExpansion5 :ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :8!G2.4
29: 5HistoryfVeariablesQp :ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : :ը8!G2.5
30: 5HistoryfProgrammingExample :ۍ : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 'Q10 33G\Apps3endixffA|(GNUffFfreeDos3cumentationLicense 4w&32c:Q &32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:
3\12 GApps3endixffB|(ConceptffIndex&[&32c:Q &32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:&32:
X\20GApps3endixffC|(FfunctionffandVariableIndexA&32c:Q &32:&32:&32:\21 & GChapterf1:UsingHistoryIn!teractively c133͍GS1 QUsingzHistoryInuteractively ^GThis c!hapter describMeshow tousethe<-
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32: cmcsc10gnuHistoryLibraryin!teractivelye,zfroma user's
33GstandpMoin!t. Itpshouldbeoconsideredauser'sguide. FeorinformationonusingthegnuGHistory5Libraryiny!ourownprograms,YseeChapter2[ProgrammingwithGNU5History],Gpagef4. G\1.1Historyf@Expansion33GThep&Historylibrarypro!videspahistoryexpansionfeaturethatissimilartothehistoryGexpansionepro!videdbycsh.
33: ThissectiondescribMesthesyntaxeusedtomanipulatetheGhistoryfinformation.U!GHistory3expansionsin!troMducewordsfromthehistorylistintotheinputstream,makingGitdeasytocrepMeatcommands,einserttheargumen!tstoapreviouscommandin!tothecurrentGinputfline,or xerrorsinpreviouscommandsquic!klye.V!GHistoryg
34: expansiontak!esplaceintwoparts. The rstistodeterminewhichlinefromGthehistorylistshouldbMeusedduringsubstitution.ѠThesecondistoselectpMortionsofGthatlineforinclusionin!tothecurrentone.ThelineselectedfromthehistoryiscalledtheG:p0J
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36: cmsl10ev!ent,WandDSthepMortionsDRofthatlinethatareactedupMonarecalledw!ords.,VeariousmoMdi ersGare-a!vdDailabletomanipulatetheselectedwords.3ThelineisbrokenintowordsinthesameGfashionthatBashdoMes,sothatsev!eralwordssurroundedbyquotesareconsideredonew!ord.GHistorykexpansionskarein!troMducedbyktheappMearanceofthehistoryexpansionc!haracter,Gwhic!hfis`!'bydefault."GeN
# cmbx12e1.1.1d(EventMDesignators3GAnev!entdesignatorisareferencetoacommandlineen!tryinthehistorylist.,UnlesstheGreferencefisabsolute,ev!entsfarerelativ!etothecurrentpMositioninthehistorylist.H獑G!4IStartahistorysubstitution,Texceptwhenfollo!wedbyaspace,Stab,theendofK:thefline,or`='.VG!=<x
37: 3
38: cmsltt10n.QReferftocommandlinen.UG!-n(Referftothecommandnlinesbac!k.G!!.QReferftothepreviouscommand.Thisisasynon!ymfor`!-1'.G!stringMRefertothemostrecen!tcommandprecedingthecurren!tpMositioninthehistory
33K:listfstartingwithstring.G!?string[?]K:Refertothemostrecen!tcommandprecedingthecurren!tpMositioninthehistoryK:list/con!taining0string.a9Thetrailing`?'ma!ybMeomittedifthestringHisfollo!wedK:immediatelyfb!yanewline.UG^string1^string2^K:Quic!kHSubstitution.[RepMeatthelastcommand,replacingstring1withstring2.K:EquivdDalen!tfto!!:s/string1/string2/.G!#.QThefen!tirecommandlinetypMedsofar. !h GChapterf1:UsingHistoryIn!teractively c233͍Ge1.1.2d(WģordMDesignators3GWeordA[designatorsareusedtoselectdesiredAZw!ordsfromtheevent./AAA`:'separatestheevent
33GspMeci cationm6fromthew!orddesignator.2MItmaybMeomittediftheworddesignatorbMeginsGwith<a=`^',`$',`*',`-',or`%'.$Weords=aren!umbMeredfrom=thebeginningofthe=line,withtheG rstAw!ordbMeing@denotedby0(zero).Weords@areinsertedintothecurrent@lineseparatedbyGsinglefspaces. !GFeorfexample,'G!!.QdesignatesP;theprecedingcommand.]Wheny!outypMethis,ztheprecedingcom-K:mandfisrepMeatedintoto. G!!:$"Kdesignates_thelastargumen!t^oftheprecedingcommand.ThismaybMeshortenedK:tof!$. G!fi:2 designatesthesecondargumen!tofthemostrecen!tcommandstartingwiththeK:lettersffi.(!GHerefarethew!orddesignators:G0f(zero)
The0thw!ord.Feormanyapplications,thisisthecommandword. Gn4IThefnthw!ord. G^4IThef rstargumen!t;thatis,word1.G$4ITheflastargumen!t.G%4IThefw!ordmatchedbythemostrecent`?string?'search.Gx-y(Afrangeofw!ords;`-y'abbreviates`0-y'.G*4IAllRofthew!ords,cexcepttheR0th. Thisisasynon!ymfor`1-$'.
39: Itisnotanerror
33K:touse`*'ifthereisjustonew!ordintheev!ent;1theemptystringisreturnedinK:thatfcase.Gx*.QAbbreviatesf`x-$' Gx-.QAbbreviatesf`x-$'lik!e`x*',butomitsthelastword.'!GIf[aZw!orddesignatorissuppliedwithoutanev!entspMeci cation,-Xtheprevious[commandGisfusedastheev!ent.NGe1.1.3d(Moi di ers3GAfterntheoptionalw!orddesignator,yyoucanaddasequenceofoneormoreofthefollowingGmoMdi ers,feac!hprecededbya`:'.(Gh4IRemo!vefatrailingpathnamecompMonen!t,leavingonlythehead.Gt4IRemo!vefallleadingpathnamecompMonen!ts,leavingthetail. Gr4IRemo!vefatrailingsuxoftheform`.suffix',lea!vingthebasename.Ge4IRemo!vefallbutthetrailingsux.Gp4IPrin!tfthenewcommandbutdonotexecuteit. . GChapterf1:UsingHistoryIn!teractively c333͍Gs/old/new/
33K:Substitutenewږforthe rstoMccurrence~ofoldXintheev!entline.'AnydelimiterK:ma!ybMeusedinplaceof`/'.^Thedelimiterma!ybMequotedinoldh;andnew&withaK:single`bac!kslash.ƖIf``&'appMearsinnew,nitisreplacedb!yold.ƕA`singlebackslashK:will)quote)the`&'.h}The naldelimiterisoptionalifitisthelastc!haracteronK:thefinputline.33G&4IRepMeatftheprevioussubstitution.Gg
33Ga4ICausec!hangestobMeappliedovertheentireeventline.صUsedinconjunctionK:withf`s',asings/old/new/,orwith`&'.33GG4IApplyfthefollo!wing`s'moMdi eroncetoeachwordintheevent. 9, GChapterf2:ProgrammingwithGNUHistory 5433͍GS2 QProgrammingzwithGNUHistoryQGThis c!hapter describMeshowto interfaceprogramsthatyou writewiththegnuHistory
33GLibrarye.3ItshouldbMeconsideredatec!hnicalguide.4Forinformationonthein!teractiveuseGoffgnuHistorye,seeChapter1[UsingHistoryIn!teractively],fpage1.ٍG\2.1Intros3ductionf@toHistory33GMan!y@programsread?inputfromtheuseralineatatime.{ThegnuHistorylibraryisableGtotk!eeptrackofthoselines,~assoMciatetarbitrarydatawitheachline,~andutilizeinformationGfromfpreviouslinesincompMosingnewones.!GTheMprogrammerMusingtheHistorylibraryhasa!vdDailablefunctionsforremem!bMeringlinesGonzGazHhistorylist,MassoMciatingarbitrarydatawithaline,Mremo!vinglinesfromthelist,Msearc!hingGthrough<thelist<foralinecon!taininganarbitrarytextstring,b andreferencingan!ylineinGthelistdirectlye.xInaddition,ahistoryexpansionfunctionisa!vdDailablewhichprovidesforaGconsisten!tfuserinterfaceacrossdi erentprograms.!GTheYuserYusingprogramswrittenwiththeHistorylibraryhasthebMene tofaconsisten!tGuserVin!terfaceUwithasetofw!ell-knowncommandsVformanipulatingthetextofpreviousGlinesOCandusingthattextinnewcommands.ThebasichistorymanipulationcommandsareGsimilarftothehistorysubstitutionpro!videdbycsh.!GIftheprogrammerdesires, hecanusetheReadlinelibrarye, whic!hincludessomehistoryGmanipulationfb!ydefault,andhastheaddedadvdDantageofcommandlineediting.!GBeforedeclaringan!yfunctionsusinganyfunctionalitytheHistorylibraryprovidesinGotherrJcoMde,|anapplicationrIwritershouldincludethe le<readline/history.h>inan!y leGthat?uses>theHistorylibrary'sfeatures.{Itsuppliesexterndeclarationsforallofthelibrary'sGpublicffunctionsandvdDariables,anddeclaresallofthepublicdatastructures.ٍG\2.2Historyf@Storage33GThefhistorylistisanarra!yofhistoryentries.Ahistoryentryisdeclaredasfollows:.typedefvoid*histdata_t;ff.typedefstruct_hist_entry{:xchar*line;:xchar*timestamp;:xhistdata_tdata;.}HIST_ENTRY;!GThefhistorylistitselfmigh!tthereforebMedeclaredas.HIST_ENTRY**the_history_list;!GThefstateoftheHistorylibraryisencapsulatedin!toasinglestructure:./*
334F*Astructureusedtopassaroundthecurrentstateofthehistory.4F*/.typedefstruct_hist_state{:xHIST_ENTRY**entries;/*Pointertotheentriesthemselves.*/:xintoffset;?<N/*Thelocationpointerwithinthisarray.*/ < GChapterf2:ProgrammingwithGNUHistory 5533͍:xintlength;?<N/*Numberofelementswithinthisarray.*/
33:xintsize;J/*Numberofslotsallocatedtothisarray.*/:xintflags;.}HISTORY_STATE;y"!GIffthe
agsmem!bMerincludesHS_STIFLED,thehistoryhasbeensti
ed. h捍G\2.3Historyf@Ffunctions33GThissectiondescribMesthecallingsequenceforthevdDariousfunctionsexpMortedb!ythegnuGHistoryflibrarye.EGe2.3.1d(InitializingMHistoryandStateManagement3GThisQsectiondescribMesfunctionsRusedtoinitializeandmanagethestateoftheHistorylibraryGwhenfy!ouwanttousethehistoryfunctionsinyourprogram.&z [Feunction]G@<x
40: cmtt10@voidLusing_historyy;m#R
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42: cmss10(v!oid).Beginasessioninwhic!hthehistoryfunctionsmigh!tbMeused.KThisinitializesthe.in!teractivefvdDariables.&z [Feunction]G@HISTORY_STATEL*history_get_history_statey(v!oid).Returnfastructuredescribingthecurren!tstateoftheinputhistorye.&z [Feunction]G@voidLhistory_set_history_statey(HISTOReY > x HtSTATEf*state).Setfthestateofthehistorylistaccordingtostate.EGe2.3.2d(HistoryMListManagement3GTheseUfunctionsVmanageindividualen!triesonthehistorylist,orsetparametersmanagingGtheflistitself.&z [Feunction]G@voidLadd_historyy(constfc!har*string).Placestringattheendofthehistorylist.ٲTheassoMciateddata eld(ifan!y)issetto.NULL.&z [Feunction]G@voidLadd_history_timey(constfc!har*string).ChangefthetimestampassoMciatedwiththemostrecen!thistoryentrytostring.&z [Feunction]G@HIST_ENTRYL*remove_historyy(in!tfwhich).Remo!vexDhistoryen!tryato setwhichfromxEthehistorye.
43: SwTheremovedelementis.returnedfsoy!oucanfreetheline,data,andcontainingstructure.&z [Feunction]G@histdata_tLfree_history_entryy(HIST > x HtENTReYf*histen!t).Feree[thehistoryen!tryhistentandany[historylibraryprivdDatedataassoMciatedwithit..Returnsftheapplication-spMeci cdatasothecallercandisposeofit.&z [Feunction]G@HIST_ENTRYL*replace_history_entryy(in!tfwhich,constchar*line,DGhistdata > x Httfdata).Mak!ePthehistoryentryato setwhichhavelineandPdata.UThisreturnstheoldentry.sou
44: thecallercandispMoseofan!yapplication-speci cdata.IInthecaseofanin!vdDalid.whic!h,faNULLpMointerisreturned. I GChapterf2:ProgrammingwithGNUHistory 5633͍&z [Feunction]G@voidLclear_historyy(v!oid)
33.Clearfthehistorylistb!ydeletingalltheentries.fg&z [Feunction]G@voidLstifle_historyy(in!tfmax).Sti
efthehistorylist,remem!bMeringonlythelastmaxgentries.&z [Feunction]G@intLunstifle_historyy(v!oid).StopHsti
ingthehistorye.Thisreturnsthepreviously-setmaxim!umnumbMerofhistory.en!tries7
(as7setbystifle_history()).ThevdDalue7ispMositive7ifthehistoryw!assti
ed,.negativ!efifitwasn't.ff&z [Feunction]G@intLhistory_is_stifledy(v!oid).Returnsfnon-zeroifthehistoryissti
ed,zeroifitisnot.Ge2.3.3d(InformationMAbi outtheHistoryList3GTheseffunctionsreturninformationabMouttheen!tirehistorylistorindividuallistentries.&z [Feunction]G@HIST_ENTRYL**history_listy(v!oid).ReturnhaNULLterminatedarra!yofiHIST_ENTRYf*whichisthecurrentinputhistorye..Elemen!tf0ofthislististhebMeginningoftime.Ifthereisnohistorye,returnNULL.&z [Feunction]G@intLwhere_historyy(v!oid).Returnsftheo setofthecurren!thistoryelement.ff&z [Feunction]G@HIST_ENTRYL*current_historyy(v!oid).Returnthehistoryen!tryatthecurrentpMosition, asdeterminedbywhere_history()..Iffthereisnoen!trythere,returnaNULLpMointer.&z [Feunction]G@HIST_ENTRYL*history_gety(in!tfo set).Returnthehistoryen!tryatpMositiono set,Tstartingfromhistory_base(seeSec-.tion2.4[HistoryVeariables],ipage8).uIfthereisnoen!trythere,iorifo setisgreater.thanfthehistorylength,returnaNULLpMoin!ter.&z [Feunction]G@time_tLhistory_get_timey(HIST > x HtENTReYf*en!try).ReturnfthetimestampassoMciatedwiththehistoryen!tryentry.&z [Feunction]G@intLhistory_total_bytesy(v!oid).ReturnPHthePIn!umbMerofbytesthatPItheprimaryhistoryen!triesareusing.)Thisfunction.returnsfthesumofthelengthsofallthelinesinthehistorye.Ge2.3.4d(MovingMAroundtheHistoryList3GTheseffunctionsallo!wthecurrentindexintothehistorylisttobMesetorchanged.ff&z [Feunction]G@intLhistory_set_posy(in!tfpMos).Setfthefcurren!thistoryo settopMos,anabsoluteindexin!tothelist. Returns1on.success,f0ifpMosislessthanzeroorgreaterthanthen!umberfofhistoryen!tries.&z [Feunction]G@HIST_ENTRYL*previous_historyy(v!oid).Bac!kuuputhecurrenthistoryuo settotheprevioushistoryen!trye,fandreturnapMoin!ter.tofthaten!trye.Ifthereisnopreviousentrye,returnaNULLpMointer. U GChapterf2:ProgrammingwithGNUHistory 5733͍&z [Feunction]G@HIST_ENTRYL*next_historyy(v!oid)
33.Mo!veE1thecurren!tE2historyo setforwardtoE2thenexthistoryentrye,landE2returnthea.pMoin!terftothatentrye.Ifthereisnonextentrye,returnaNULLpMointer.Ge2.3.5d(SearchingMtheHistoryList3GThese]functionsallo!wsearchingofthehistorylistforentriescontainingaspMeci cstring.GSearc!hingLmayLbMeperformedLbothforw!ardLandbackwardfromLthecurrentLhistorypMosition.GThesearc!hmaybMeanchored,meaningthatthestringmustmatchatthebMeginningoftheGhistoryfen!trye.Pv&z [Feunction]G@intLhistory_searchy(constfc!har*string,intdirection).Searc!hwSthehistorywRforstring,startingatthecurren!thistoryo set.,Ifdirectionisless.thanY0,thentheXsearc!histhroughpreviousen!tries,otherwisethroughsubsequen!t.en!tries.Ifstring2isfound,thenthecurrenthistoryindexissettothathistoryen!trye,.andthevdDaluereturnedistheo setinthelineoftheen!trywherestringwasfound..Otherwise,fnothingisc!hanged,anda-1isreturned.&z [Feunction]G@intLhistory_search_prefixy(constfc!har*string,intdirection).Searc!h2the1historyforstring,-dstartingatthecurren!thistoryo set.@Thesearc!his.anc!hored:ΤmatchinglinesmustbMeginwithstring.ӷIfdirectionislessthan0,
45: thenthe.searc!histhroughpreviousentries,otherwisethroughsubsequententries.0RIfstringis.found, thenathebcurren!thistoryindexissettothaten!trye, andthereturnvdDalueis0..Otherwise,fnothingisc!hanged,anda-1isreturned.&z [Feunction]G@intLhistory_search_posy(constfc!har*string,intdirection,intpMos).Searc!h forstring inthehistorylist,:sstarting atpMos,anabsoluteindexin!tothelist..IfTdirectionTisnegativ!e,mthesearchTproMceedsbackwardTfrompMos,motherwiseforward..ReturnsJstheabsoluteindexofJrthehistoryelemen!twherestring:wasfound,uor-1.otherwise.Ge2.3.6d(ManagingMtheHistoryFile3GThe1Historylibrary1canreadthehistoryfromandwriteittoa le.ThissectiondoMcumen!tsGtheffunctionsformanagingahistory le.&z [Feunction]G@intLread_historyy(constfc!har* lename).Addgthefcon!tentsof lename+mtothehistorylist,3alinefatatime.If lenameisNULL,.thenfreadfrom~/.history.Returns0ifsuccessful,orerrnoifnot.&z [Feunction]G@intLread_history_rangey(constfc!har* lename,intfrom,intto).ReadY arangeY oflinesfrom lename,haddingthemtothehistorylist.Startreadingat.line&=fromandend&>atto.%Iffromiszero,?startatthebMeginning.Iftoislessthanfrom,.thenreadun!tiltheendofthe le.If lenameisNULL,|thenreadfrom~/.history..Returnsf0ifsuccessful,orerrnoifnot.&z [Feunction]G@intLwrite_historyy(constfc!har* lename).Werite#%thecurren!thistoryto#$ lename,BUoverwriting lename,if#$necessarye.TIf lename.isBNULL,VthenBwritethehistorylistto~/.history.Returns0onsuccess,Vorerrnoon.afreadorwriteerror. c GChapterf2:ProgrammingwithGNUHistory 5833͍&z [Feunction]G@intLappend_historyy(in!tfnelements,constchar* lename)
33.AppMend)thelast)nelemen!tsofthehistorylistto lename.g1If lenameƉisNULL,JIthen.appMendfto~/.history.Returns0onsuccess,orerrnoonareadorwriteerror.u1&z [Feunction]G@intLhistory_truncate_filey(constfc!har* lename,intnlines).Teruncatethehistory le lename,@lea!vingonlythelastnlinesclines.OIf lename<is.NULL,fthen~/.historyistruncated.Returns0onsuccess,orerrnoonfailure. Ge2.3.7d(HistoryMExpansion3GTheseffunctionsimplemen!thistoryexpansion.u2&z [Feunction]G@intLhistory_expandy(c!harf*string,char**output).Expand!)string,?placingtheresultin!tooutput,?a!(pMointertoastring(seeSection1.1.[HistoryfIn!teraction],page1).Returns:d.04IIfnoexpansionstoMokplace(or, iftheonlyc!hangeinthetextw!asthehʏremo!vdDalwofxescapMecharacterswprecedingthexhistoryexpansionc!haracter);T2.14Iiffexpansionsdidtak!eplace;.-1.Qifftherew!asanerrorinexpansion;.24IifO$theO#returnedlineshouldbMedispla!yed,`butO$notexecuted,asO$withthe:p
33hʏmoMdi erf(seeSection1.1.3[Modi ers],page2)..IffanerroroMccurredinexpansion,thenoutputfcon!tainsadescriptiveerrormessage.u1&z [Feunction]G@charL*get_history_eventy(constfc!har*string,int*cindex,intqchar).Returnsvthetextofvthehistoryev!entvbMeginningatstringg+*cindex.
46: O*cindex8Wis.moMdi edtopoin!ttoaftertheeventspMeci er.Atfunctionentrye,cindexFnpMointstothe.indexNin!toNstring>wherethehistoryev!entspMeci cationbegins.Vqc!har isNacharacter.that:Xisallo!wed:Xtoendtheev!ent:YspMeci cation:Xinadditiontothe\normal"terminating.c!haracters.&z [Feunction]G@charL**history_tokenizey(constfc!har*string).Returnanarra!yoftokensparsedoutofstring,[muchastheshellmight. _Thetokens.are6split7onthec!haractersinthehistory > x Htw!ord > x Hdelimiters vdDariable,jandshell6quoting.con!ventionsfareobMey!ed.u2&z [Feunction]G@charL*history_arg_extracty(in!tf rst,intlast,constchar*string).ExtractHaGstringsegmen!tconsistingofthe rstGthroughlastHargumen!tspresentHin.string.Argumen!tsfaresplitusinghistory_tokenize. 1~G\2.4Historyf@Vfariables33GThis:sectiondescribMestheexternally-visiblevdDariablesexportedb!ythegnuHistoryLibrarye.&3[Veariable]G@intLhistory_base.Theflogicalo setofthe rsten!tryinthehistorylist.u1&3[Veariable]G@intLhistory_length.Thefn!umbMerofentriescurrentlystoredinthehistorylist. r GChapterf2:ProgrammingwithGNUHistory 5933͍&3[Veariable]G@intLhistory_max_entries
33.TheZmaxim!umYnumbMerofhistoryYentries.
47: zThismustZbMec!hangedusingstifle_.history().M&3[Veariable]G@intLhistory_write_timestamps.If\non-zero,timestamps\arewrittentothehistory le,sotheycanbMepreserv!ed.bMet!weenfsessions.ThedefaultvdDalueis0,meaningthattimestampsarenotsa!ved.@.Thecurren!ttimestampformatusesthevdDalueofhistory > x Htcomment > x Hchar#todelimit.timestampen!triesinthehistory le. +IfthatvdDariabledoMesnotha!veavdDalue(the.default),ftimestampswillnotbMewritten.&3[Veariable]G@charLhistory_expansion_char.The;yc!haracterthatintroMduces;xahistoryevent.The;xdefaultis`!'.Setting;xthisto0.inhibitsfhistoryexpansion.&3[Veariable]G@charLhistory_subst_char.The|c!haracter}thatinvokeswordsubstitution}iffoundatthestartofaline. The.defaultfis`^'.&3[Veariable]G@charLhistory_comment_char.Duringtok!enization,¿ifthischaracterisseenasthe rstcharacterofaword,¿then.it4and4allsubsequen!tcharacters4uptoanewlineareignored,ysuppressinghistory.expansionffortheremainderoftheline.Thisisdisabledb!ydefault.L&3[Veariable]G@charL*history_word_delimiters.TheMc!haractersthatMseparatetokensforhistory_tokenize().cThedefaultMvdDalueis".\t\n()<>;&|".&3[Veariable]G@charL*history_search_delimiter_chars.The list ofadditionalc!haracterswhich candelimitahistorysearc!hstring,;inaddition.tofspace,TeAB,`:'and`?'inthecaseofasubstringsearc!h.Thedefaultisemptye.&3[Veariable]G@charL*history_no_expand_chars.Theklistofc!haracterswhichinhibitlhistoryexpansioniffoundimmediatelyfollowing.history > x Htexpansion > x Hc!har.Thefdefaultisspace,tab,newline,carriagereturn,and`='.&3[Veariable]G@intLhistory_quotes_inhibit_expansion.IfWnon-zero,single-quotedXw!ordsarenotscannedforthehistoryexpansionc!haracter..ThefdefaultvdDalueis0.&3[Veariable]G@rl_linebuf_func_tL*history_inhibit_expansion_function.This ?should >bMesettotheaddressofafunctionthattak!estwo >arguments:acharf*.(string )0nandan0ointindexin!tothatstring(i ).Itshouldreturnanon-zerovdDalueifthe.historyexpansionstartingatstring[i]shouldnotbMeperformed;zeroiftheexpansion.shouldObMePdone.mItisin!tendedforuseb!yapplicationslik!eBashthatusethehistory.expansionfc!haracterforadditionalpurpMoses.Bydefault,thisvdDariableissettoNULL.
48: GChapterf2:ProgrammingwithGNUHistory л1033͍G\2.5Historyf@ProgrammingExample33GTheffollo!wingprogramdemonstratessimpleuseofthegnuHistoryLibrarye. . ߤN cmtt9#include<stdio.h>
49: .#include<readline/history.h>.main(argc,argv)Fintargc;Fchar**argv;.{8lcharline[1024],*t;8lintlen,done=0;8lline[0]=0;8lusing_history();8lwhile(!done)A{KS printf("history$");KS fflush(stdout);KS t=fgets(line,sizeof(line)-1,stdin);KS if(t&&*t)TL{^9xlen=strlen(t);^9xif(t[len-1]=='\n')gt[len-1]='\0';TL}KS if(!t)TLstrcpy(line,"quit");KS if(line[0])TL{^9xchar*expansion;^9xintresult;^9xresult=history_expand(line,&expansion);^9xif(result)gfprintf(stderr,"%s\n",expansion);^9xif(result<0||result==2)g{q free(expansion);q continue;g}^9xadd_history(expansion);^9xstrncpy(line,expansion,sizeof(line)-1);^9xfree(expansion);TL}KS if(strcmp(line,"quit")==0)TLdone=1;KS elseif(strcmp(line,"save")==0)TLwrite_history("history_file");KS elseif(strcmp(line,"read")==0)TLread_history("history_file");KS elseif(strcmp(line,"list")==0) GChapterf2:ProgrammingwithGNUHistory л1133͍TL{
50: ^9xregisterHIST_ENTRY**the_list;^9xregisterinti; ^9xthe_list=history_list();^9xif(the_list)gfor(i=0;the_list[i];i++)q printf("%d:%s\n",i+history_base,the_list[i]->line);TL}KS elseif(strncmp(line,"delete",6)==0)TL{^9xintwhich;^9xif((sscanf(line+6,"%d",&which))==1)g{q HIST_ENTRY*entry=remove_history(which);q if(!entry)zfprintf(stderr,"Nosuchentry%d\n",which);q elsez{ (free(entry->line); (free(entry);z}g}^9xelseg{q fprintf(stderr,"non-numericarggivento`delete'\n");g}TL}A}.} ƍ GAppMendixfA:GNUFereeDocumen!tationLicense :1233͍GSApp =endixzA QGNUzFaGreeDocumenutationLicense AVeersionf1.3,3No!vembMerf2008Q.Cop!yrightcf
@&2000,f2001,2002,2007,2008FereeSoft!warefFoundation,Inc.
33.http://fsf.org/ff.Ev!eryonefispMermittedtocop!yanddistributeverbatimcopies.offthislicensedoMcumen!t,butchangingitisnotallowed.&-0.'PREAMBLE'ThevQpurpMosevRofthisLicenseistomak!eaman!ual,LtextbMook,orvQothervRfunctionaland'usefuldoMcumen!tfree;inthesenseoffreedom:!toassureev!eryonethee ectivefreedom'to9cop!y:andredistributeit,.withorwithoutmoMdifyingit,.eithercommerciallyornon-'commerciallye.cSecondarily,Hthis(aLicense(bpreserv!esfortheauthorandpublisheraw!ay'toW9getcreditW8fortheirw!ork,mwhilenotbMeingconsideredrespMonsibleformodi cations'madefb!yothers.'This/License0isakindof\cop!yleft",which/meansthatderivdDativ!eworksof0thedoMcument'm!ustthemselvesbMefreeinthesamesense. Itcomplemen!tstheGNUGeneralPublic'License,fwhic!hisacopyleftlicensedesignedforfreesoftware.'Wee#ha!vedesignedthisLicenseinordertouseit"formanualsforfreesoftware,bMecause'free?soft!wareneedsfree>doMcumentation:afreeprogramshould>comewithmanuals'pro!vidingurtheussamefreedomsthatthesoft!wareurdoMes.͌ButthisLicenseisnotlimitedto'soft!waremanuals;itcanbMeusedforan!ytextualw!ork,regardlessofsub jectmatteror'whether2itispublishedasaprin!tedbMook.@BWee2recommendthisLicenseprincipallyfor'w!orksfwhosepurpMoseisinstructionorreference.&-1.'APPLICABILITYfANDDEFINITIONSP'This>License=appliestoan!ymanual=orotherwork,inany=medium,thatcontains>a'notice placed b!ythecop!yright holdersaying itcanbMedistributedundertheterms'ofthisLicense.l=Suc!hanoticegrantsaworld-wide,
royalty-freelicense,unlimitedin'duration,
51: toouseothatw!orkundertheconditionsstatedherein.
52: 9The\DoMcumen!t",'bMelo!w,tkrefersgtoanysuchgmanualorwork.
53: AnymembMerofthegpublicisalicensee,tkand'isaddressedas\y!ou".@Yeouacceptthelicenseifyoucopye, moMdifyordistributethework'infaw!ayfrequiringpMermissionundercop!yrightflaw.'A \MoMdi ed Veersion" oftheDocumen!tmeans anyworkcontainingthe DoMcumentor'ahpMortiongofit,heithercopiedv!erbatim,horwithmoMdi cationsand/ortranslatedin!to'anotherflanguage.'A \Secondary Section"is anamedappMendixorafron!t-mattersectionoftheDoMcumen!t'that/dealsexclusiv!ely0withtherelationshipofthepublishersorauthorsoftheDoMcumen!t'toz
thezDoMcumen!t'soverallzsub ject(ortorelatedmatters)andcon!tainsnothingthat'couldخfallدdirectlywithinthato!verallsub ject.t(Thus,%@iftheخDoMcumentisinدparta'textbMookՆofՅmathematics,MaSecondarySectionma!ynotexplainan!ymathematics.)=The'relationshipGcouldbMeamatterofhistoricalconnectionwiththesub jectorwithrelated'matters,jorBofBlegal,commercial,j philosophical,ethicalorpMoliticalBpositionregarding'them.'Ther\In!vdDariantsSections"arecertainSecondarySectionswhosetitlesaredesignated,0as'bMeing2Dthose2CofIn!vdDariant2DSections,I}inthenoticethatsa!ysthattheDoMcumen!tisreleased
GAppMendixfA:GNUFereeDocumen!tationLicense :1333͍'underS5thisLicense."IfS4asectiondoMesnot ttheabMo!veS5de nitionofSecondarythenitis
33'notӍallo!wedtoӎbMedesignatedasInvdDariant.eSTheDoMcumentmayӎcontainzeroInvdDariant'Sections.IftheDoMcumen!tdoesnotiden!tifyanyInvdDariantSectionsthentherearenone.&g'Thef\Co!verfTeexts"arecertainshortpassagesoftextthatarelisted,asFeron!t-Cover'Teexts&-orBac!k-Cover&,Texts,"8in&-thenoticethat&,sa!ysthattheDoMcument&,isreleasedunder'thisLicense.AAnFeron!t-CoverTeextmaybMeatmost5words,6andaBack-CoverTeextmay'bMefatmost25w!ords.&h'AC\Teransparen!t"CcopyofCtheDoMcumentmeansaCmachine-readablecopye,k(represented'inJmaformatJnwhosespMeci cationisa!vdDailabletothegeneralpublic,snthatissuitablefor'revisingthedoMcumen!tstraightforwardlywithgenerictexteditorsor(forimagescom-'pMosedofpixels)genericpain!tprogramsor(fordra!wings)somewidelya!vdDailabledrawing'editor,and}thatissuitableforinputto}textformattersorforautomatictranslationto'a9OvdDariet!yof9Nformatssuitableforinputtotextformatters.A93cop!ymadeinanotherwise'Teransparen!t leformatwhosemarkup,orabsenceofmarkup,hasbMeenarrangedto'th!wart0or0discouragesubsequen!tmoMdi cationb!yreadersisnotTeransparen!t.Animage'format isnotTeransparen!tifused foranysubstantialamountoftext.MA copythatis'notf\Teransparen!t"iscalled\Opaque".'ExamplescXofsuitablecWformatsforTeransparen!tcopiesincludeplainasci>Kiwithout'markup,TeexinfoXIinputformat,LaT,[wEB XXJinputformat, K`y
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55: cmr10SGMLorXJXMLusingapublicly'a!vdDailableDTD,andstandard-conformingsimpleHTML,P!ostScriptorPDFdesigned'for.h!umanmoMdi cation.4ExamplesoftransparentimageformatsincludePNG,ԟXCF'andJPG.OpaqueformatsincludeproprietaryformatsthatcanbMereadandedited'onlys b!ys proprietarywords proMcessors,&JSGMLorXMLforwhic!htheDTDand/or'proMcessingW*toolsarenotW)generallya!vdDailable,CYandthemachine-generatedHTML,'P!ostScriptforPDFproMducedbysomewordproMcessorsforoutputpurposesonlye.'The \Title P!age"means,<foraprin!tedbMook,<the titlepageitself,<plussuc!hfollowing'pagesRasareneededtohold,c}legiblye,theRmaterialthisRLicenserequirestoappMearinthe'title1.page.Feorw!orks1-informatswhic!hdonotha!ve1.anytitle1.pageassuc!h,H\TitlePage"'meansthetextnearthemostprominen!tappMearanceofthew!ork'stitle,Xprecedingthe'bMeginningfofthebodyofthetext.'The)\publisher"means)an!ypMersonorentitythatdistributes)copiesoftheDoMcument'tofthepublic.&h'Asection\En!titledXYZ"meansanamedsubunitoftheDoMcumen!twhosetitleeither'isUpreciselyUXYZUorcon!tainsXYZinparen!thesesUfollowingUtextthattranslatesXYZUin'anotherlanguage.(HereXYZstandsforaspMeci csectionnamemen!tionedbelo!w, :such'asaa\Ac!knowledgements",o/\Dedications",\Endorsemen!ts",or\History".)Teo\Preserv!e'theTitle"ofsuc!hasectionwheny!oumoMdifytheDoMcumen!tmeansthatitremainsa'sectionf\En!titledXYZ"accordingtothisde nition.'TheSuDoMcumen!tmayincludeWearrantyDisclaimersnextSvtothenoticewhichstatesthat'thisLicenseappliestotheDoMcumen!t. TheseWearrantyDisclaimersareconsideredto'bMeincludedb!yreferenceinthisLicense,butonlyasregardsdisclaimingw!arranties:'an!ynothernimplicationthattheseWearran!tyDisclaimersnmayhavenisvoidnandhasno'e ectfonthemeaningofthisLicense.&-2.'VERBAeTIMfCOPYING ֍ GAppMendixfA:GNUFereeDocumen!tationLicense :1433͍'Yeouma!ycopyanddistributetheDoMcumentinanymedium, eithercommerciallyor
33'noncommerciallye,zpro!vided that thisLicense,the cop!yright notices,and thelicense'noticeKsa!yingK
thisLicenseappliestotheDoMcumen!tarereproMducedinallcopies,t7and'that1'y!ouaddno1(otherconditionswhatsoMevertothoseofthisLicense.Yeoumaynotuse'tec!hnicalmeasurestoobstructorcon!trolthereadingorfurthercop!yingofthecopies'y!oumakeordistribute.However,youmayacceptcompMensationinexchangeforcopies.'If y!ou distributealargeenoughn!umbMerof copiesy!oumust alsofollo!wtheconditions'infsection3."#'Yeou}ma!yalso}lendcopies,7underthesameconditionsstatedabMo!ve,8andyou}maypublicly'displa!yfcopies.&-3.'COPYINGfINQUANTITY'Ify!oupublishprintedcopies(orcopiesinmediathatcommonlyha!veprintedcovers)of'the.DoMcumen!t,numbering.morethan-100,andthe.Documen!t'slicense-noticerequires'Co!ver Teexts,<you mustenclosethecopies incoversthatcarrye,<clearly andlegibly,<all'these@Co!verTeexts:Fron!t-CoverTeextsonthefrontcover,andBack-CoverTeextson'thebac!kcover.
Bothcoversmustalsoclearlyandlegiblyiden!tifyyouasthepublisher'of ,these +copies.H/Thefron!tcovermustpresent +thefulltitlewithallw!ordsofthetitle'equallyxprominen!tandyvisible.Yeoumayyaddothermaterialontheco!versxinaddition.'Cop!yingY4withY3changeslimitedY3totheco!vers,asY3longastheypreserv!ethetitleofthe'DoMcumen!tuandsatisfytheseconditions,canbetreateduasv!erbatimcopyinginother'respMects.'If|therequired}textsforeitherco!ver|aretoMov!oluminousto tlegiblye, youshouldput'the rstoneslisted(asman!yas treasonably)ontheactualco!ver,andcontinuethe'restfon!toadjacentpages.""'If?|y!ou?{publishordistributeOpaquecopiesoftheDoMcumen!tnumbMering?|morethan100,'y!ou\3musteither\4includeamachine-readableTeransparentcopyalong\4witheachOpaque'cop!ye,[>or7state7inorwitheac!hOpaquecopy7acomputer-networkloMcation7fromwhich'theSgeneralRnet!work-usingpublichasRaccesstodownloadusingRpublic-standardnetwork'protoMcols=acomplete>Teransparen!tcopyoftheDoMcument,freeofaddedmaterial.cIf'y!ouusethelatteroption,youmusttakereasonablyprudentsteps,whenyoubMegin'distributionlofmOpaquecopiesinquan!titye,ӮtolensurethatthisTeransparen!tcopylwill'remainCth!usaccessibleDatthestatedloMcationuntilDatleastoneyearafterDthelasttime'y!oukdistributekanOpaquecopyk(directlyorthroughyourkagentsorretailers)kofthat'editionftothepublic.'It&Nisrequested,FHbutnotrequired,FGthaty!oucontacttheauthorsoftheDoMcumentwell'bMeforeoredistributingoan!ylargenumbMeroofcopies,ztogiv!ethemac!hancetopro!videyou'withfanupMdatedv!ersionoftheDocumen!t.&-4.'MODIFICAeTIONS'Yeou*ma!ycopyand)distributeaMoMdi edVeersionoftheDoMcumen!tundertheconditions'ofsections2and3abMo!ve,]providedthatyoureleasetheMoMdi edVeersionunderprecisely'this{License,`withthe{MoMdi edVeersion llingtheroleoftheDoMcumen!t,`thus{licensing'distributionandmoMdi cationoftheModi edVeersiontowhoev!erpossessesacop!yof'it.Infaddition,y!oumustdothesethingsintheMoMdi edVeersion:*A.=nUsepintheTitleP!age(andonthecovers,2ifany)atitledistinctfromthatofthe=nDoMcumen!t,+andfromthoseofpreviousversions(whichshould,+iftherewereanye, : GAppMendixfA:GNUFereeDocumen!tationLicense :1533͍=nbMelistedintheHistorysectionoftheDocumen!t).3Yeoumayusethesametitleas
33=nafpreviousv!ersioniftheoriginalpublisherofthatversiongivespMermission. +gB.=nList\ontheTitle[P!age,Zasauthors,YoneormorepMersonsoren!titiesrespMonsiblefor=nauthorship"of"&themoMdi cationsintheMoMdi edVeersion,<|togetherwithatleast v!e=nof߸theprincipalauthorsoftheDoMcumen!t(allofitsprincipalauthors,uifithasfewer=nthanf v!e),unlesstheyreleaseyoufromthisrequirement.&+@C.=nStateontheTitlepagethenameofthepublisheroftheMoMdi edVeersion,asthe=npublisher.*D.=nPreserv!efallthecopyrightnoticesoftheDoMcument.+oE.=nAddeandappropriatecop!yrightnoticeeforyouremoMdi cationsadjacentetotheother=ncop!yrightfnotices.&,LF.=nInclude,hSimmediatelyXafterthecop!yrightXnotices,alicensenoticegivingthepublic=npMermissiontousetheMoMdi edVeersionunderthetermsofthisLicense,Pintheform=nsho!wnfintheAddendumbMelow.*nG.=nPreserv!eminlthatlicensenoticethefulllistsofIn!vdDariantSectionsmandrequiredCo!ver=nTeextsfgiv!enintheDoMcument'slicensenotice.*H.=nIncludefanunalteredcop!yofthisLicense.&/4I.=nPreserv!eچtheڇsectionEntitledڇ\History",PreserveitsڇTitle,andaddtoitanitem=nstating_ at_ leastthetitle,mQy!ear,newauthors,and_ publisheroftheMoMdi edVeersion=nasXgiv!enonWtheTitlePage.7IfWthereisnosectionEntitled\History"WintheDoMcu-=nmen!t,O#create-eone-dstatingthetitle,O$year,O#authors,and-epublisher-doftheDoMcument=nasWgiv!enonitsTitlePage,FthenaddanitemdescribingtheMoMdi edVeersionas=nstatedfintheprevioussen!tence.-J.=nPreserv!ethenetworkloMcation,ifanye,givenintheDoMcumentforpublicaccessto=naTeransparen!tcopyoftheDoMcument,MandlikewisethenetworkloMcationsgivenin=nthë́DoMcumen!t̓forpreviousversions̓itwasbasedon.S6These̓maybMeplaced̓inthe=n\History"&8section.Yeou&9ma!yomitanet!work&8loMcationforaw!orkthatw!aspublished=natKleastfourKy!earsbMeforetheDocumen!titself,t@oriftheoriginalKpublisherofthe=nv!ersionfitreferstogivespMermission.*K.=nFeorran!ysectionEntitled\Acknowledgements"or\Dedications",oPreservetheTitle=nof/Rthe/Qsection,G#andpreserv!einthesectionallthesubstanceandtoneofeac!hofthe=ncon!tributorfacknowledgementsand/ordedicationsgiventherein.,Q*L.=nPreserv!e?all?theInvdDariant?SectionsoftheDoMcumen!t,f/unalteredintheirtextand=ninPtheirPtitles.@Sectionn!umbMersorPtheequivdDalentParenotconsideredpartofthe=nsectionftitles.&) M.=nDelete5an!ysectionEntitled4\Endorsements".JSuchasection4maynotbMeincluded=ninftheMoMdi edVeersion.*N.=nDog!notg"retitlean!yexistingsectiontobMeEn!titled\Endorsements"g"ortocon
ictin=ntitlefwithan!yInvdDariantSection.*O.=nPreserv!efanyWearrantyDisclaimers.'If&the&MoMdi edVeersionincludesnewfron!t-mattersectionsorappMendicesthatqualify'asXSecondaryX Sectionsandcon!tainnomaterialcopiedfromtheDoMcumen!t,gyoumayXat'y!ourkoptionldesignatesomeorallofthesesectionsasin!vdDariant.Teodokthis,addtheir ̜ GAppMendixfA:GNUFereeDocumen!tationLicense :1633͍'titles@tothelist@ofIn!vdDariant@SectionsintheMoMdi edVeersion'slicensenotice.These
33'titlesfm!ustbMedistinctfromanyothersectiontitles.('Yeoupma!yqaddasectionEntitledq\Endorsements",sprovideditcontainsqnothingbut'endorsemen!tsofyourMoMdi edVeersionbyvdDariousparties|forexample,Zstatementsof'pMeerD
revieworDthatthetexthasbeenDappro!vedD
byanorganizationDastheauthoritative'de nitionfofastandard.('Yeouf,ma!yf-addapassageofupto v!ewordsf-asaFeron!t-Coverf,Text,sandf-apassageofup'to@25w!ords@asaBack-CoverTeext,Tto@theendofthelistofCo!ver@TeextsintheMoMdi ed'Veersion.+OnlyN+oneN*passageofFron!t-CoverN*TextN+andoneN*ofBac!k-CoverN+TextN*mayN+bMe'addedNb!y(orthrougharrangementsmadeby)Nanyoneentitye.IftheDoMcumentalready'includesaco!vertextforthesameco!ver,/!previouslyaddedbyyouorbyarrangement'made:b!ythesameentityyouareactingonbMehalfof,_youmay:notaddanother;but'y!ou)mayreplace*theoldone,2onexplicitpMermissionfromthepreviouspublisherthat'addedftheoldone.'The^author(s)]andpublisher(s)oftheDoMcumen!tdonotb!ythisLicensegiv!epMermission'tojusetheirknamesforpublicit!yforortoassertorimplyendorsemen!tofan!yMoMdi ed'Veersion.(&-5.'COMBININGfDOCUMENTS'Yeouma!ycombinetheDoMcumentwithotherdoMcumen!tsreleasedunderthisLicense,'understhetermstde nedinsection4abMo!vesformodi edv!ersions,ӷprovidedsthaty!ou'include in thecom!binationalloftheIn!vdDariant SectionsofalloftheoriginaldoMcumen!ts,'unmoMdi ed,L3and5list5themallasIn!vdDariant5Sectionsofy!ourcombined5workin5itslicense'notice,fandthaty!oupreservealltheirWearrantyDisclaimers.'The@com!binedworkneedonlycontainonecopyofthisLicense,andmultipleidentical'In!vdDariantSectionsma!ybMereplacedwithasinglecopye.BIftherearemultipleInvdDariant'Sections6with6thesamenamebutdi eren!tcontents,Mmake6thetitleofeac!hsuch6section'uniquebb!ycaddingattheendofit,1"inparen!theses,1!thenameoftheoriginalauthoror'publisher ofthat ~sectionifkno!wn,!orelseauniquen!umbMer.Makethe sameadjustmen!t'tothesectiontitlesinthelistofIn!vdDariantSectionsinthelicensenoticeofthecom!bined'w!ork.('In"the#com!bination,Jyoumust#combineany#sectionsEntitled#\History"inthevdDari-'ousoriginaldoMcumen!ts,xformingonesectionEn!titled\History";likewisecombineany'sectionsEn!titled\Acknowledgements",ۿandanysectionsEntitled\Dedications".]Yeou'm!ustfdeleteallsectionsEntitled\Endorsements."&-6.'COLLECTIONSfOFDOCUMENTS('YeouҤma!ymakeacollectionconsistingofңtheDoMcumentandotherdoMcumentsreleased'underthisLicense,sandreplacetheindividualcopiesofthisLicenseinthevdDarious'doMcumen!ts Dwith Casinglecopy Cthatisincludedinthecollection,ypro!videdthaty!ou'follo!wtthetrulesofthisLicenseforv!erbatimcopyingtofeachtofthedoMcumen!tsinall'otherfrespMects.'Yeou=ma!yextractasingledoMcumentfromsuchacollection,2anddistributeitindividu-'ally4under4thisLicense,Wnpro!videdyou4insertacop!yofthisLicensein!totheextracted'doMcumen!t,andBfollowAthisLicenseinallotherrespMectsregardingv!erbatimcopyingAof'thatfdoMcumen!t. GAppMendixfA:GNUFereeDocumen!tationLicense :1733͍&-7.'A!GGREGAeTIONfWITHINDEPENDENTWORKS('A]compilation]oftheDoMcumen!t]oritsderivdDativeswithother]separateandindepMendent
33'doMcumen!tshoriworks,inoroniavolumeiofastorageordistributionmedium,iscalled'an \aggregate"ifthe
56: cop!yright resultingfromthecompilationisnotusedtolimitthe'legal1 righ!ts1ofthecompilation'susersbMey!ondwhattheindividualw!orkspMermit.When'theDoMcumen!tisincludedinanaggregate,thisLicensedoesnotapplytotheother'w!orksfintheaggregatewhicharenotthemselvesderivdDativeworksoftheDoMcument.('IfVtheCo!verVTeextrequiremen!tofsection3UisapplicabletothesecopiesoftheDoMcument,'thenDifEtheDoMcumen!tislessthanonehalfoftheen!tireaggregate,~theDoMcumen!t'sCover'Teexts0ma!ybMeplacedoncoversthatbrackettheDoMcumentwithinthe0&aggregate,Gorthe'electronic5qequivdDalen!t5pofcovers5piftheDoMcumen!tisinelectronicform.Otherwisethey'm!ustfappMearonprintedcoversthatbracketthewholeaggregate.&-8.'TRANSLAeTION('Teranslation̯is̰consideredakindofmoMdi cation,Asoy!oumay̰distributetranslations'ofTtheTDoMcumen!tunderthetermsofsection4. ReplacingIn!vdDariantSectionsTwith'translationsvrequiresvspMecialpermissionfromtheirvcop!yrightvholders,butyouvmay'includektranslationsofsomejorallIn!vdDariantkSectionsinadditiontotheoriginalv!ersions'of these In!vdDariantSections.= Yeou mayinclude atranslationofthisLicense,
57: andallthe'licensenoticesintheDoMcumen!t,F andanyWearrantyDisclaimers,F providedthatyou'also includetheoriginalEnglishv!ersionofthisLicenseandtheoriginalv!ersionsof'thosenoticesanddisclaimers.5Incaseofadisagreemen!tbMetweenthetranslationand'the:original:v!ersionofthisLicenseoranoticeordisclaimer,_theoriginalv!ersionwill'prevdDail.'IfpasectioninptheDoMcumen!tisEntitled\Acknowledgements",{\Dedications",orp\His-'tory",Athe(requiremen!t(section4)toPreserveitsTitle(section1)willtypicallyrequire'c!hangingftheactualtitle.&-9.'TERMINAeTION('Yeouma!ynotcopye,moMdify,sublicense,ordistributetheDoMcumen!texceptasexpressly'pro!videdunderthisLicense.|Anyattemptotherwisetocop!ye,moMdify,sublicense,or'distributefitisv!oid,andwillautomaticallyterminateyourrightsunderthisLicense.'Ho!wever,ifAyou@ceaseallviolationofthisLicense,theny!ourlicensefromaparticular'cop!yrightJholderisJreinstated(a)pro!visionallye,sunlessanduntilJthecopyrightholder'explicitly_and nallyterminatesy!ourlicense,0 and(b)pMermanentlye,0 ifthecopyright'holder"failstonotifyy!ouoftheviolation"bysomereasonablemeanspriorto60days'afterfthecessation.('Moreo!ver,8your
licensefromaparticularcop!yright
holderisreinstatedpMermanen!tlyif'theV`cop!yrightholderVanoti esyouoftheviolationVabysomereasonablemeans,fbthisisthe' rstWtimey!ouWhaveWreceivednoticeofviolationWofthisLicense(foranyWwork)fromthat'cop!yrightholder,andy!oucuretheviolationpriorto30daysafteryourreceiptofthe'notice.'TeerminationNuofy!ourrightsunderthissectionNtdoMesnotterminatethelicensesofparties'whoqha!vereceivedcopiesorrightsfromyoupunderthisLicense.Ifyourrightshave'bMeen terminatedandnot permanen!tlyreinstated,:receiptofacopyofsome orallofthe'samefmaterialdoMesnotgiv!eyouanyrightstouseit. b GAppMendixfA:GNUFereeDocumen!tationLicense :1833͍10.'FUTUREfREVISIONSOFTHISLICENSE33'TheaFereebSoft!wareFeoundationbmaypublishbnew,Urevisedv!ersionsoftheGNU Feree
33'DoMcumen!tationLicensefromtimetotime.xRSuchnewversionswillbMesimilarinspirit'to thepresen!tversion,?butmaydi erindetailtoaddress newproblemsorconcerns.'Seefhttp://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.'Eac!hversionoftheLicenseisgivenadistinguishingversionnumbMer.IftheDocumen!t'spMeci esrthataparticularn!umberedrversionofthisLicense\oranylaterversion"'appliesQtoPit,Ly!ouhaveQtheoptionPoffollowingthetermsPandconditionseitherofthat'spMeci edv!ersionorofanylaterversionthathasbMeenpublished(notasadraft)by'the!Feree"Soft!wareFeoundation.If"theDoMcument"does!notspecify"av!ersionnumbMer!of'this$License,D)y!oumaychoMose$anyversioneverpublished(notasadraft)bytheFeree'Soft!wareUFeoundation.mIftheDoMcumen!tspeci esthatapro!xyTcandecidewhichfuture'v!ersions)of*thisLicensecanbMeused,thatpro!xy'spublicstatement*ofacceptanceofa'v!ersionfpMermanentlyauthorizesyoutochoMosethatversionfortheDoMcument.11.'RELICENSING'\Massiv!e{"Multiauthor{#CollabMorationSite"(or\MMCzSite")meansany{#WeorldWide'WeebLeserv!erthatpublishescopyrightableLfworksandalsoprovidesprominentfacilities'forMan!ybModytoeditthosew!orks.EAMpublicwikithatManybModycaneditisanexampleof'suc!h Yaserver.A ?\Massive XMultiauthorCollabMoration"(or\MMC") >containedinthe'sitefmeansan!ysetofcopyrightableworksthuspublishedontheMMCsite.'\CC-BY-SA"8means8the8Creativ!eCommonsAttribution-Share8Alike3.08licensepub-'lished8b!y8CreativeCommons8CorpMoration,N(anot-for-pro tcorpMorationwithaprincipal'placeofbusinessinSanFerancisco,7California,7asw!ellasfuturecopyleftversionsofthat'licensefpublishedb!ythatsameorganization.'\IncorpMorate"zmeanstopublishyorrepublishaDocumen!t,?inwholeoryinpart,aspart'offanotherDoMcumen!t.'An&\MMC&<is\eligible&]forrelicensing"ifitislicensedunderthisLicense,?andifallw!orks'that
w!ere rstpublishedunderthisLicensesomewhereotherthanthisMMC,and'subsequen!tly-incorpMorated-inwholeorinpartin!totheMMC,(1)hadnoco!ver-texts'orfin!vdDariantsections,and(2)werethusincorpMoratedpriortoNovembMer1,2008.'TheopMeratorofanMMCzSitema!yrepublishanMMCzcon!tainedinthesiteunder'CC-BY-SAonthesamesiteatan!ytimebMeforeAugust1,[2009,pro!videdtheMMCis'eligiblefforrelicensing. & GAppMendixfA:GNUFereeDocumen!tationLicense :1933͍G\ADDENDUM:f@HowtousethisLicenseforyourdos3cuments33GTeo'usethisLicenseinadoMcumen!tyou'havewritten,HUincludeacopyoftheLicenseinthe
33GdoMcumen!tfandputthefollowingcopyrightandlicensenoticesjustafterthetitlepage:
8lCopyright(C) s,E<x
58: cmsltt10Eyearyourname.
59: 8lPermissionisgrantedtocopy,distributeand/ormodifythisdocument8lunderthetermsoftheGNUFreeDocumentationLicense,Version1.38loranylaterversionpublishedbytheFreeSoftwareFoundation;8lwithnoInvariantSections,noFront-CoverTexts,andnoBack-Cover8lTexts. s,Acopyofthelicenseisincludedinthesectionentitled``GNU8lFreeDocumentationLicense''.O33!GIfy!ouhaveInvdDariantSections,Feront-CoverTeextsandBack-CoverTeexts,replacetheG\with ...lTeexts."linefwiththis:AwiththeInvariantSectionsbeingElisttheirtitles,with
60: AtheFront-CoverTextsbeingElist,andwiththeBack-CoverTextsAbeingElist.%33!GIf:y!ouhaveInvdDariantSectionswithoutCoverTeexts,`"orsomeothercombinationoftheGthree,fmergethoset!wofalternativestosuitthesituation.33!GIf y!ourdoMcumentcontainsnontrivial examplesofprogramcoMde,awerecommendreleasingGthese-examples-inparallelundery!ourchoice-offreesoft!warelicense,such-astheGNUGGeneralfPublicLicense,topMermittheiruseinfreesoft!ware. &
c GAppMendixfB:ConceptIndex& x2033͍GSApp =endixzB QConceptzIndexcNڍG\A
G&o cmr9anc9horedTsearch 4 U5" cmmi9: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:=7 G\EGev9entTdesignators&q U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:Z1ڍ \Hj historyTev9entsK U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U::1>ލ historyTexpansion U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:̬1 HistoryTSearc9hingo~ U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:97 & GAppMendixfC:FeunctionandVariableIndex $2133͍GSApp =endixzC QFaGunctionzandVariableIndex&]m~1G\AGadd_historyʍ U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:A5
61: Gadd_history_time # U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:ެ5
62: Gappend_history&2I U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:d8 r$G\CGclear_history&܍ U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:6Gcurrent_history 㶍 U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:q6 r#G\FGfree_history_entry5 U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: 75 r$G\GGget_history_eventF U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:xK8G\HGhistory_arg_extract& U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:]8
63: Ghistory_base&o U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: &*8Ghistory_comment_char&i U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:ʬ9
64: Ghistory_expand&2I U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:d8Ghistory_expansion_char 鍑 U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:9Ghistory_getʍ U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:A6Ghistory_get_history_state&h U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: #5Ghistory_get_time # U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:ެ6Ghistory_inhibit_expansion_function&9u U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:k09Ghistory_is_stifled5 U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: 76Ghistory_length&2I U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:d8Ghistory_list&o U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: &*6Ghistory_max_entries& U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:]9Ghistory_no_expand_chars}V U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:9Ghistory_quotes_inhibit_expansion&֛ U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: V9Ghistory_search&2I U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:d7Ghistory_search_delimiter_charse U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:D9Ghistory_search_pos5 U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: 77m~1 history_search_prefix&| U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:L77
65: ' history_set_history_state&h U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: #5 history_set_pos 㶍 U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:q6 history_subst_char5 U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: 79 history_tokenize # U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:ެ8 history_total_bytes& U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:]6 history_truncate_file&| U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:L78 history_word_delimiters}V U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:9 history_write_timestamps.Í U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:`~9 U \N
u next_history&o U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: &*7 \P
t previous_history # U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:ެ6 \R read_history&o U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: &*7
66: ' read_history_range5 U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: 77 remove_history&2I U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:d5 replace_history_entry&| U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:L75 U \S stifle_history&2I U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:d6 \U
t unstifle_history # U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:ެ6
67: ' using_history&܍ U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:5 \W where_history&܍ U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:6
68: ' write_history&܍ U: p U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U: U:7 &v& ; &ï eN
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83: 3
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