Annotation of embedaddon/sqlite3/src/test8.c, revision 1.1

1.1     ! misho       1: /*
        !             2: ** 2006 June 10
        !             3: **
        !             4: ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code.  In place of
        !             5: ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
        !             6: **
        !             7: **    May you do good and not evil.
        !             8: **    May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
        !             9: **    May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
        !            10: **
        !            11: *************************************************************************
        !            12: ** Code for testing the virtual table interfaces.  This code
        !            13: ** is not included in the SQLite library.  It is used for automated
        !            14: ** testing of the SQLite library.
        !            15: */
        !            16: #include "sqliteInt.h"
        !            17: #include "tcl.h"
        !            18: #include <stdlib.h>
        !            19: #include <string.h>
        !            20: 
        !            21: #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
        !            22: 
        !            23: typedef struct echo_vtab echo_vtab;
        !            24: typedef struct echo_cursor echo_cursor;
        !            25: 
        !            26: /*
        !            27: ** The test module defined in this file uses four global Tcl variables to
        !            28: ** commicate with test-scripts:
        !            29: **
        !            30: **     $::echo_module
        !            31: **     $::echo_module_sync_fail
        !            32: **     $::echo_module_begin_fail
        !            33: **     $::echo_module_cost
        !            34: **
        !            35: ** The variable ::echo_module is a list. Each time one of the following
        !            36: ** methods is called, one or more elements are appended to the list.
        !            37: ** This is used for automated testing of virtual table modules.
        !            38: **
        !            39: ** The ::echo_module_sync_fail variable is set by test scripts and read
        !            40: ** by code in this file. If it is set to the name of a real table in the
        !            41: ** the database, then all xSync operations on echo virtual tables that
        !            42: ** use the named table as a backing store will fail.
        !            43: */
        !            44: 
        !            45: /*
        !            46: ** Errors can be provoked within the following echo virtual table methods:
        !            47: **
        !            48: **   xBestIndex   xOpen     xFilter   xNext   
        !            49: **   xColumn      xRowid    xUpdate   xSync   
        !            50: **   xBegin       xRename
        !            51: **
        !            52: ** This is done by setting the global tcl variable:
        !            53: **
        !            54: **   echo_module_fail($method,$tbl)
        !            55: **
        !            56: ** where $method is set to the name of the virtual table method to fail
        !            57: ** (i.e. "xBestIndex") and $tbl is the name of the table being echoed (not
        !            58: ** the name of the virtual table, the name of the underlying real table).
        !            59: */
        !            60: 
        !            61: /* 
        !            62: ** An echo virtual-table object.
        !            63: **
        !            64: ** echo.vtab.aIndex is an array of booleans. The nth entry is true if 
        !            65: ** the nth column of the real table is the left-most column of an index
        !            66: ** (implicit or otherwise). In other words, if SQLite can optimize
        !            67: ** a query like "SELECT * FROM real_table WHERE col = ?".
        !            68: **
        !            69: ** Member variable aCol[] contains copies of the column names of the real
        !            70: ** table.
        !            71: */
        !            72: struct echo_vtab {
        !            73:   sqlite3_vtab base;
        !            74:   Tcl_Interp *interp;     /* Tcl interpreter containing debug variables */
        !            75:   sqlite3 *db;            /* Database connection */
        !            76: 
        !            77:   int isPattern;
        !            78:   int inTransaction;      /* True if within a transaction */
        !            79:   char *zThis;            /* Name of the echo table */
        !            80:   char *zTableName;       /* Name of the real table */
        !            81:   char *zLogName;         /* Name of the log table */
        !            82:   int nCol;               /* Number of columns in the real table */
        !            83:   int *aIndex;            /* Array of size nCol. True if column has an index */
        !            84:   char **aCol;            /* Array of size nCol. Column names */
        !            85: };
        !            86: 
        !            87: /* An echo cursor object */
        !            88: struct echo_cursor {
        !            89:   sqlite3_vtab_cursor base;
        !            90:   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
        !            91: };
        !            92: 
        !            93: static int simulateVtabError(echo_vtab *p, const char *zMethod){
        !            94:   const char *zErr;
        !            95:   char zVarname[128];
        !            96:   zVarname[127] = '\0';
        !            97:   sqlite3_snprintf(127, zVarname, "echo_module_fail(%s,%s)", zMethod, p->zTableName);
        !            98:   zErr = Tcl_GetVar(p->interp, zVarname, TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY);
        !            99:   if( zErr ){
        !           100:     p->base.zErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("echo-vtab-error: %s", zErr);
        !           101:   }
        !           102:   return (zErr!=0);
        !           103: }
        !           104: 
        !           105: /*
        !           106: ** Convert an SQL-style quoted string into a normal string by removing
        !           107: ** the quote characters.  The conversion is done in-place.  If the
        !           108: ** input does not begin with a quote character, then this routine
        !           109: ** is a no-op.
        !           110: **
        !           111: ** Examples:
        !           112: **
        !           113: **     "abc"   becomes   abc
        !           114: **     'xyz'   becomes   xyz
        !           115: **     [pqr]   becomes   pqr
        !           116: **     `mno`   becomes   mno
        !           117: */
        !           118: static void dequoteString(char *z){
        !           119:   int quote;
        !           120:   int i, j;
        !           121:   if( z==0 ) return;
        !           122:   quote = z[0];
        !           123:   switch( quote ){
        !           124:     case '\'':  break;
        !           125:     case '"':   break;
        !           126:     case '`':   break;                /* For MySQL compatibility */
        !           127:     case '[':   quote = ']';  break;  /* For MS SqlServer compatibility */
        !           128:     default:    return;
        !           129:   }
        !           130:   for(i=1, j=0; z[i]; i++){
        !           131:     if( z[i]==quote ){
        !           132:       if( z[i+1]==quote ){
        !           133:         z[j++] = quote;
        !           134:         i++;
        !           135:       }else{
        !           136:         z[j++] = 0;
        !           137:         break;
        !           138:       }
        !           139:     }else{
        !           140:       z[j++] = z[i];
        !           141:     }
        !           142:   }
        !           143: }
        !           144: 
        !           145: /*
        !           146: ** Retrieve the column names for the table named zTab via database
        !           147: ** connection db. SQLITE_OK is returned on success, or an sqlite error
        !           148: ** code otherwise.
        !           149: **
        !           150: ** If successful, the number of columns is written to *pnCol. *paCol is
        !           151: ** set to point at sqlite3_malloc()'d space containing the array of
        !           152: ** nCol column names. The caller is responsible for calling sqlite3_free
        !           153: ** on *paCol.
        !           154: */
        !           155: static int getColumnNames(
        !           156:   sqlite3 *db, 
        !           157:   const char *zTab,
        !           158:   char ***paCol, 
        !           159:   int *pnCol
        !           160: ){
        !           161:   char **aCol = 0;
        !           162:   char *zSql;
        !           163:   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
        !           164:   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
        !           165:   int nCol = 0;
        !           166: 
        !           167:   /* Prepare the statement "SELECT * FROM <tbl>". The column names
        !           168:   ** of the result set of the compiled SELECT will be the same as
        !           169:   ** the column names of table <tbl>.
        !           170:   */
        !           171:   zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT * FROM %Q", zTab);
        !           172:   if( !zSql ){
        !           173:     rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           174:     goto out;
        !           175:   }
        !           176:   rc = sqlite3_prepare(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
        !           177:   sqlite3_free(zSql);
        !           178: 
        !           179:   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !           180:     int ii;
        !           181:     int nBytes;
        !           182:     char *zSpace;
        !           183:     nCol = sqlite3_column_count(pStmt);
        !           184: 
        !           185:     /* Figure out how much space to allocate for the array of column names 
        !           186:     ** (including space for the strings themselves). Then allocate it.
        !           187:     */
        !           188:     nBytes = sizeof(char *) * nCol;
        !           189:     for(ii=0; ii<nCol; ii++){
        !           190:       const char *zName = sqlite3_column_name(pStmt, ii);
        !           191:       if( !zName ){
        !           192:         rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           193:         goto out;
        !           194:       }
        !           195:       nBytes += strlen(zName)+1;
        !           196:     }
        !           197:     aCol = (char **)sqlite3MallocZero(nBytes);
        !           198:     if( !aCol ){
        !           199:       rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           200:       goto out;
        !           201:     }
        !           202: 
        !           203:     /* Copy the column names into the allocated space and set up the
        !           204:     ** pointers in the aCol[] array.
        !           205:     */
        !           206:     zSpace = (char *)(&aCol[nCol]);
        !           207:     for(ii=0; ii<nCol; ii++){
        !           208:       aCol[ii] = zSpace;
        !           209:       zSpace += sprintf(zSpace, "%s", sqlite3_column_name(pStmt, ii));
        !           210:       zSpace++;
        !           211:     }
        !           212:     assert( (zSpace-nBytes)==(char *)aCol );
        !           213:   }
        !           214: 
        !           215:   *paCol = aCol;
        !           216:   *pnCol = nCol;
        !           217: 
        !           218: out:
        !           219:   sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
        !           220:   return rc;
        !           221: }
        !           222: 
        !           223: /*
        !           224: ** Parameter zTab is the name of a table in database db with nCol 
        !           225: ** columns. This function allocates an array of integers nCol in 
        !           226: ** size and populates it according to any implicit or explicit 
        !           227: ** indices on table zTab.
        !           228: **
        !           229: ** If successful, SQLITE_OK is returned and *paIndex set to point 
        !           230: ** at the allocated array. Otherwise, an error code is returned.
        !           231: **
        !           232: ** See comments associated with the member variable aIndex above 
        !           233: ** "struct echo_vtab" for details of the contents of the array.
        !           234: */
        !           235: static int getIndexArray(
        !           236:   sqlite3 *db,             /* Database connection */
        !           237:   const char *zTab,        /* Name of table in database db */
        !           238:   int nCol,
        !           239:   int **paIndex
        !           240: ){
        !           241:   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
        !           242:   int *aIndex = 0;
        !           243:   int rc;
        !           244:   char *zSql;
        !           245: 
        !           246:   /* Allocate space for the index array */
        !           247:   aIndex = (int *)sqlite3MallocZero(sizeof(int) * nCol);
        !           248:   if( !aIndex ){
        !           249:     rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           250:     goto get_index_array_out;
        !           251:   }
        !           252: 
        !           253:   /* Compile an sqlite pragma to loop through all indices on table zTab */
        !           254:   zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("PRAGMA index_list(%s)", zTab);
        !           255:   if( !zSql ){
        !           256:     rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           257:     goto get_index_array_out;
        !           258:   }
        !           259:   rc = sqlite3_prepare(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt, 0);
        !           260:   sqlite3_free(zSql);
        !           261: 
        !           262:   /* For each index, figure out the left-most column and set the 
        !           263:   ** corresponding entry in aIndex[] to 1.
        !           264:   */
        !           265:   while( pStmt && sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
        !           266:     const char *zIdx = (const char *)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 1);
        !           267:     sqlite3_stmt *pStmt2 = 0;
        !           268:     zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("PRAGMA index_info(%s)", zIdx);
        !           269:     if( !zSql ){
        !           270:       rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           271:       goto get_index_array_out;
        !           272:     }
        !           273:     rc = sqlite3_prepare(db, zSql, -1, &pStmt2, 0);
        !           274:     sqlite3_free(zSql);
        !           275:     if( pStmt2 && sqlite3_step(pStmt2)==SQLITE_ROW ){
        !           276:       int cid = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt2, 1);
        !           277:       assert( cid>=0 && cid<nCol );
        !           278:       aIndex[cid] = 1;
        !           279:     }
        !           280:     if( pStmt2 ){
        !           281:       rc = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt2);
        !           282:     }
        !           283:     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        !           284:       goto get_index_array_out;
        !           285:     }
        !           286:   }
        !           287: 
        !           288: 
        !           289: get_index_array_out:
        !           290:   if( pStmt ){
        !           291:     int rc2 = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
        !           292:     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !           293:       rc = rc2;
        !           294:     }
        !           295:   }
        !           296:   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        !           297:     sqlite3_free(aIndex);
        !           298:     aIndex = 0;
        !           299:   }
        !           300:   *paIndex = aIndex;
        !           301:   return rc;
        !           302: }
        !           303: 
        !           304: /*
        !           305: ** Global Tcl variable $echo_module is a list. This routine appends
        !           306: ** the string element zArg to that list in interpreter interp.
        !           307: */
        !           308: static void appendToEchoModule(Tcl_Interp *interp, const char *zArg){
        !           309:   int flags = (TCL_APPEND_VALUE | TCL_LIST_ELEMENT | TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY);
        !           310:   Tcl_SetVar(interp, "echo_module", (zArg?zArg:""), flags);
        !           311: }
        !           312: 
        !           313: /*
        !           314: ** This function is called from within the echo-modules xCreate and
        !           315: ** xConnect methods. The argc and argv arguments are copies of those 
        !           316: ** passed to the calling method. This function is responsible for
        !           317: ** calling sqlite3_declare_vtab() to declare the schema of the virtual
        !           318: ** table being created or connected.
        !           319: **
        !           320: ** If the constructor was passed just one argument, i.e.:
        !           321: **
        !           322: **   CREATE TABLE t1 AS echo(t2);
        !           323: **
        !           324: ** Then t2 is assumed to be the name of a *real* database table. The
        !           325: ** schema of the virtual table is declared by passing a copy of the 
        !           326: ** CREATE TABLE statement for the real table to sqlite3_declare_vtab().
        !           327: ** Hence, the virtual table should have exactly the same column names and 
        !           328: ** types as the real table.
        !           329: */
        !           330: static int echoDeclareVtab(
        !           331:   echo_vtab *pVtab, 
        !           332:   sqlite3 *db 
        !           333: ){
        !           334:   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
        !           335: 
        !           336:   if( pVtab->zTableName ){
        !           337:     sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
        !           338:     rc = sqlite3_prepare(db, 
        !           339:         "SELECT sql FROM sqlite_master WHERE type = 'table' AND name = ?",
        !           340:         -1, &pStmt, 0);
        !           341:     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !           342:       sqlite3_bind_text(pStmt, 1, pVtab->zTableName, -1, 0);
        !           343:       if( sqlite3_step(pStmt)==SQLITE_ROW ){
        !           344:         int rc2;
        !           345:         const char *zCreateTable = (const char *)sqlite3_column_text(pStmt, 0);
        !           346:         rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(db, zCreateTable);
        !           347:         rc2 = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
        !           348:         if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !           349:           rc = rc2;
        !           350:         }
        !           351:       } else {
        !           352:         rc = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
        !           353:         if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){ 
        !           354:           rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
        !           355:         }
        !           356:       }
        !           357:       if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !           358:         rc = getColumnNames(db, pVtab->zTableName, &pVtab->aCol, &pVtab->nCol);
        !           359:       }
        !           360:       if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !           361:         rc = getIndexArray(db, pVtab->zTableName, pVtab->nCol, &pVtab->aIndex);
        !           362:       }
        !           363:     }
        !           364:   }
        !           365: 
        !           366:   return rc;
        !           367: }
        !           368: 
        !           369: /*
        !           370: ** This function frees all runtime structures associated with the virtual
        !           371: ** table pVtab.
        !           372: */
        !           373: static int echoDestructor(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
        !           374:   echo_vtab *p = (echo_vtab*)pVtab;
        !           375:   sqlite3_free(p->aIndex);
        !           376:   sqlite3_free(p->aCol);
        !           377:   sqlite3_free(p->zThis);
        !           378:   sqlite3_free(p->zTableName);
        !           379:   sqlite3_free(p->zLogName);
        !           380:   sqlite3_free(p);
        !           381:   return 0;
        !           382: }
        !           383: 
        !           384: typedef struct EchoModule EchoModule;
        !           385: struct EchoModule {
        !           386:   Tcl_Interp *interp;
        !           387: };
        !           388: 
        !           389: /*
        !           390: ** This function is called to do the work of the xConnect() method -
        !           391: ** to allocate the required in-memory structures for a newly connected
        !           392: ** virtual table.
        !           393: */
        !           394: static int echoConstructor(
        !           395:   sqlite3 *db,
        !           396:   void *pAux,
        !           397:   int argc, const char *const*argv,
        !           398:   sqlite3_vtab **ppVtab,
        !           399:   char **pzErr
        !           400: ){
        !           401:   int rc;
        !           402:   int i;
        !           403:   echo_vtab *pVtab;
        !           404: 
        !           405:   /* Allocate the sqlite3_vtab/echo_vtab structure itself */
        !           406:   pVtab = sqlite3MallocZero( sizeof(*pVtab) );
        !           407:   if( !pVtab ){
        !           408:     return SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           409:   }
        !           410:   pVtab->interp = ((EchoModule *)pAux)->interp;
        !           411:   pVtab->db = db;
        !           412: 
        !           413:   /* Allocate echo_vtab.zThis */
        !           414:   pVtab->zThis = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", argv[2]);
        !           415:   if( !pVtab->zThis ){
        !           416:     echoDestructor((sqlite3_vtab *)pVtab);
        !           417:     return SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           418:   }
        !           419: 
        !           420:   /* Allocate echo_vtab.zTableName */
        !           421:   if( argc>3 ){
        !           422:     pVtab->zTableName = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", argv[3]);
        !           423:     dequoteString(pVtab->zTableName);
        !           424:     if( pVtab->zTableName && pVtab->zTableName[0]=='*' ){
        !           425:       char *z = sqlite3_mprintf("%s%s", argv[2], &(pVtab->zTableName[1]));
        !           426:       sqlite3_free(pVtab->zTableName);
        !           427:       pVtab->zTableName = z;
        !           428:       pVtab->isPattern = 1;
        !           429:     }
        !           430:     if( !pVtab->zTableName ){
        !           431:       echoDestructor((sqlite3_vtab *)pVtab);
        !           432:       return SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           433:     }
        !           434:   }
        !           435: 
        !           436:   /* Log the arguments to this function to Tcl var ::echo_module */
        !           437:   for(i=0; i<argc; i++){
        !           438:     appendToEchoModule(pVtab->interp, argv[i]);
        !           439:   }
        !           440: 
        !           441:   /* Invoke sqlite3_declare_vtab and set up other members of the echo_vtab
        !           442:   ** structure. If an error occurs, delete the sqlite3_vtab structure and
        !           443:   ** return an error code.
        !           444:   */
        !           445:   rc = echoDeclareVtab(pVtab, db);
        !           446:   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        !           447:     echoDestructor((sqlite3_vtab *)pVtab);
        !           448:     return rc;
        !           449:   }
        !           450: 
        !           451:   /* Success. Set *ppVtab and return */
        !           452:   *ppVtab = &pVtab->base;
        !           453:   return SQLITE_OK;
        !           454: }
        !           455: 
        !           456: /* 
        !           457: ** Echo virtual table module xCreate method.
        !           458: */
        !           459: static int echoCreate(
        !           460:   sqlite3 *db,
        !           461:   void *pAux,
        !           462:   int argc, const char *const*argv,
        !           463:   sqlite3_vtab **ppVtab,
        !           464:   char **pzErr
        !           465: ){
        !           466:   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
        !           467:   appendToEchoModule(((EchoModule *)pAux)->interp, "xCreate");
        !           468:   rc = echoConstructor(db, pAux, argc, argv, ppVtab, pzErr);
        !           469: 
        !           470:   /* If there were two arguments passed to the module at the SQL level 
        !           471:   ** (i.e. "CREATE VIRTUAL TABLE tbl USING echo(arg1, arg2)"), then 
        !           472:   ** the second argument is used as a table name. Attempt to create
        !           473:   ** such a table with a single column, "logmsg". This table will
        !           474:   ** be used to log calls to the xUpdate method. It will be deleted
        !           475:   ** when the virtual table is DROPed.
        !           476:   **
        !           477:   ** Note: The main point of this is to test that we can drop tables
        !           478:   ** from within an xDestroy method call.
        !           479:   */
        !           480:   if( rc==SQLITE_OK && argc==5 ){
        !           481:     char *zSql;
        !           482:     echo_vtab *pVtab = *(echo_vtab **)ppVtab;
        !           483:     pVtab->zLogName = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", argv[4]);
        !           484:     zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("CREATE TABLE %Q(logmsg)", pVtab->zLogName);
        !           485:     rc = sqlite3_exec(db, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
        !           486:     sqlite3_free(zSql);
        !           487:     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        !           488:       *pzErr = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        !           489:     }
        !           490:   }
        !           491: 
        !           492:   if( *ppVtab && rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        !           493:     echoDestructor(*ppVtab);
        !           494:     *ppVtab = 0;
        !           495:   }
        !           496: 
        !           497:   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !           498:     (*(echo_vtab**)ppVtab)->inTransaction = 1;
        !           499:   }
        !           500: 
        !           501:   return rc;
        !           502: }
        !           503: 
        !           504: /* 
        !           505: ** Echo virtual table module xConnect method.
        !           506: */
        !           507: static int echoConnect(
        !           508:   sqlite3 *db,
        !           509:   void *pAux,
        !           510:   int argc, const char *const*argv,
        !           511:   sqlite3_vtab **ppVtab,
        !           512:   char **pzErr
        !           513: ){
        !           514:   appendToEchoModule(((EchoModule *)pAux)->interp, "xConnect");
        !           515:   return echoConstructor(db, pAux, argc, argv, ppVtab, pzErr);
        !           516: }
        !           517: 
        !           518: /* 
        !           519: ** Echo virtual table module xDisconnect method.
        !           520: */
        !           521: static int echoDisconnect(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
        !           522:   appendToEchoModule(((echo_vtab *)pVtab)->interp, "xDisconnect");
        !           523:   return echoDestructor(pVtab);
        !           524: }
        !           525: 
        !           526: /* 
        !           527: ** Echo virtual table module xDestroy method.
        !           528: */
        !           529: static int echoDestroy(sqlite3_vtab *pVtab){
        !           530:   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
        !           531:   echo_vtab *p = (echo_vtab *)pVtab;
        !           532:   appendToEchoModule(((echo_vtab *)pVtab)->interp, "xDestroy");
        !           533: 
        !           534:   /* Drop the "log" table, if one exists (see echoCreate() for details) */
        !           535:   if( p && p->zLogName ){
        !           536:     char *zSql;
        !           537:     zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("DROP TABLE %Q", p->zLogName);
        !           538:     rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
        !           539:     sqlite3_free(zSql);
        !           540:   }
        !           541: 
        !           542:   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !           543:     rc = echoDestructor(pVtab);
        !           544:   }
        !           545:   return rc;
        !           546: }
        !           547: 
        !           548: /* 
        !           549: ** Echo virtual table module xOpen method.
        !           550: */
        !           551: static int echoOpen(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, sqlite3_vtab_cursor **ppCursor){
        !           552:   echo_cursor *pCur;
        !           553:   if( simulateVtabError((echo_vtab *)pVTab, "xOpen") ){
        !           554:     return SQLITE_ERROR;
        !           555:   }
        !           556:   pCur = sqlite3MallocZero(sizeof(echo_cursor));
        !           557:   *ppCursor = (sqlite3_vtab_cursor *)pCur;
        !           558:   return (pCur ? SQLITE_OK : SQLITE_NOMEM);
        !           559: }
        !           560: 
        !           561: /* 
        !           562: ** Echo virtual table module xClose method.
        !           563: */
        !           564: static int echoClose(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
        !           565:   int rc;
        !           566:   echo_cursor *pCur = (echo_cursor *)cur;
        !           567:   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = pCur->pStmt;
        !           568:   pCur->pStmt = 0;
        !           569:   sqlite3_free(pCur);
        !           570:   rc = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
        !           571:   return rc;
        !           572: }
        !           573: 
        !           574: /*
        !           575: ** Return non-zero if the cursor does not currently point to a valid record
        !           576: ** (i.e if the scan has finished), or zero otherwise.
        !           577: */
        !           578: static int echoEof(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
        !           579:   return (((echo_cursor *)cur)->pStmt ? 0 : 1);
        !           580: }
        !           581: 
        !           582: /* 
        !           583: ** Echo virtual table module xNext method.
        !           584: */
        !           585: static int echoNext(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur){
        !           586:   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
        !           587:   echo_cursor *pCur = (echo_cursor *)cur;
        !           588: 
        !           589:   if( simulateVtabError((echo_vtab *)(cur->pVtab), "xNext") ){
        !           590:     return SQLITE_ERROR;
        !           591:   }
        !           592: 
        !           593:   if( pCur->pStmt ){
        !           594:     rc = sqlite3_step(pCur->pStmt);
        !           595:     if( rc==SQLITE_ROW ){
        !           596:       rc = SQLITE_OK;
        !           597:     }else{
        !           598:       rc = sqlite3_finalize(pCur->pStmt);
        !           599:       pCur->pStmt = 0;
        !           600:     }
        !           601:   }
        !           602: 
        !           603:   return rc;
        !           604: }
        !           605: 
        !           606: /* 
        !           607: ** Echo virtual table module xColumn method.
        !           608: */
        !           609: static int echoColumn(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur, sqlite3_context *ctx, int i){
        !           610:   int iCol = i + 1;
        !           611:   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = ((echo_cursor *)cur)->pStmt;
        !           612: 
        !           613:   if( simulateVtabError((echo_vtab *)(cur->pVtab), "xColumn") ){
        !           614:     return SQLITE_ERROR;
        !           615:   }
        !           616: 
        !           617:   if( !pStmt ){
        !           618:     sqlite3_result_null(ctx);
        !           619:   }else{
        !           620:     assert( sqlite3_data_count(pStmt)>iCol );
        !           621:     sqlite3_result_value(ctx, sqlite3_column_value(pStmt, iCol));
        !           622:   }
        !           623:   return SQLITE_OK;
        !           624: }
        !           625: 
        !           626: /* 
        !           627: ** Echo virtual table module xRowid method.
        !           628: */
        !           629: static int echoRowid(sqlite3_vtab_cursor *cur, sqlite_int64 *pRowid){
        !           630:   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = ((echo_cursor *)cur)->pStmt;
        !           631: 
        !           632:   if( simulateVtabError((echo_vtab *)(cur->pVtab), "xRowid") ){
        !           633:     return SQLITE_ERROR;
        !           634:   }
        !           635: 
        !           636:   *pRowid = sqlite3_column_int64(pStmt, 0);
        !           637:   return SQLITE_OK;
        !           638: }
        !           639: 
        !           640: /*
        !           641: ** Compute a simple hash of the null terminated string zString.
        !           642: **
        !           643: ** This module uses only sqlite3_index_info.idxStr, not 
        !           644: ** sqlite3_index_info.idxNum. So to test idxNum, when idxStr is set
        !           645: ** in echoBestIndex(), idxNum is set to the corresponding hash value.
        !           646: ** In echoFilter(), code assert()s that the supplied idxNum value is
        !           647: ** indeed the hash of the supplied idxStr.
        !           648: */
        !           649: static int hashString(const char *zString){
        !           650:   int val = 0;
        !           651:   int ii;
        !           652:   for(ii=0; zString[ii]; ii++){
        !           653:     val = (val << 3) + (int)zString[ii];
        !           654:   }
        !           655:   return val;
        !           656: }
        !           657: 
        !           658: /* 
        !           659: ** Echo virtual table module xFilter method.
        !           660: */
        !           661: static int echoFilter(
        !           662:   sqlite3_vtab_cursor *pVtabCursor, 
        !           663:   int idxNum, const char *idxStr,
        !           664:   int argc, sqlite3_value **argv
        !           665: ){
        !           666:   int rc;
        !           667:   int i;
        !           668: 
        !           669:   echo_cursor *pCur = (echo_cursor *)pVtabCursor;
        !           670:   echo_vtab *pVtab = (echo_vtab *)pVtabCursor->pVtab;
        !           671:   sqlite3 *db = pVtab->db;
        !           672: 
        !           673:   if( simulateVtabError(pVtab, "xFilter") ){
        !           674:     return SQLITE_ERROR;
        !           675:   }
        !           676: 
        !           677:   /* Check that idxNum matches idxStr */
        !           678:   assert( idxNum==hashString(idxStr) );
        !           679: 
        !           680:   /* Log arguments to the ::echo_module Tcl variable */
        !           681:   appendToEchoModule(pVtab->interp, "xFilter");
        !           682:   appendToEchoModule(pVtab->interp, idxStr);
        !           683:   for(i=0; i<argc; i++){
        !           684:     appendToEchoModule(pVtab->interp, (const char*)sqlite3_value_text(argv[i]));
        !           685:   }
        !           686: 
        !           687:   sqlite3_finalize(pCur->pStmt);
        !           688:   pCur->pStmt = 0;
        !           689: 
        !           690:   /* Prepare the SQL statement created by echoBestIndex and bind the
        !           691:   ** runtime parameters passed to this function to it.
        !           692:   */
        !           693:   rc = sqlite3_prepare(db, idxStr, -1, &pCur->pStmt, 0);
        !           694:   assert( pCur->pStmt || rc!=SQLITE_OK );
        !           695:   for(i=0; rc==SQLITE_OK && i<argc; i++){
        !           696:     rc = sqlite3_bind_value(pCur->pStmt, i+1, argv[i]);
        !           697:   }
        !           698: 
        !           699:   /* If everything was successful, advance to the first row of the scan */
        !           700:   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !           701:     rc = echoNext(pVtabCursor);
        !           702:   }
        !           703: 
        !           704:   return rc;
        !           705: }
        !           706: 
        !           707: 
        !           708: /*
        !           709: ** A helper function used by echoUpdate() and echoBestIndex() for
        !           710: ** manipulating strings in concert with the sqlite3_mprintf() function.
        !           711: **
        !           712: ** Parameter pzStr points to a pointer to a string allocated with
        !           713: ** sqlite3_mprintf. The second parameter, zAppend, points to another
        !           714: ** string. The two strings are concatenated together and *pzStr
        !           715: ** set to point at the result. The initial buffer pointed to by *pzStr
        !           716: ** is deallocated via sqlite3_free().
        !           717: **
        !           718: ** If the third argument, doFree, is true, then sqlite3_free() is
        !           719: ** also called to free the buffer pointed to by zAppend.
        !           720: */
        !           721: static void string_concat(char **pzStr, char *zAppend, int doFree, int *pRc){
        !           722:   char *zIn = *pzStr;
        !           723:   if( !zAppend && doFree && *pRc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !           724:     *pRc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           725:   }
        !           726:   if( *pRc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        !           727:     sqlite3_free(zIn);
        !           728:     zIn = 0;
        !           729:   }else{
        !           730:     if( zIn ){
        !           731:       char *zTemp = zIn;
        !           732:       zIn = sqlite3_mprintf("%s%s", zIn, zAppend);
        !           733:       sqlite3_free(zTemp);
        !           734:     }else{
        !           735:       zIn = sqlite3_mprintf("%s", zAppend);
        !           736:     }
        !           737:     if( !zIn ){
        !           738:       *pRc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           739:     }
        !           740:   }
        !           741:   *pzStr = zIn;
        !           742:   if( doFree ){
        !           743:     sqlite3_free(zAppend);
        !           744:   }
        !           745: }
        !           746: 
        !           747: /*
        !           748: ** The echo module implements the subset of query constraints and sort
        !           749: ** orders that may take advantage of SQLite indices on the underlying
        !           750: ** real table. For example, if the real table is declared as:
        !           751: **
        !           752: **     CREATE TABLE real(a, b, c);
        !           753: **     CREATE INDEX real_index ON real(b);
        !           754: **
        !           755: ** then the echo module handles WHERE or ORDER BY clauses that refer
        !           756: ** to the column "b", but not "a" or "c". If a multi-column index is
        !           757: ** present, only its left most column is considered. 
        !           758: **
        !           759: ** This xBestIndex method encodes the proposed search strategy as
        !           760: ** an SQL query on the real table underlying the virtual echo module 
        !           761: ** table and stores the query in sqlite3_index_info.idxStr. The SQL
        !           762: ** statement is of the form:
        !           763: **
        !           764: **   SELECT rowid, * FROM <real-table> ?<where-clause>? ?<order-by-clause>?
        !           765: **
        !           766: ** where the <where-clause> and <order-by-clause> are determined
        !           767: ** by the contents of the structure pointed to by the pIdxInfo argument.
        !           768: */
        !           769: static int echoBestIndex(sqlite3_vtab *tab, sqlite3_index_info *pIdxInfo){
        !           770:   int ii;
        !           771:   char *zQuery = 0;
        !           772:   char *zNew;
        !           773:   int nArg = 0;
        !           774:   const char *zSep = "WHERE";
        !           775:   echo_vtab *pVtab = (echo_vtab *)tab;
        !           776:   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt = 0;
        !           777:   Tcl_Interp *interp = pVtab->interp;
        !           778: 
        !           779:   int nRow;
        !           780:   int useIdx = 0;
        !           781:   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
        !           782:   int useCost = 0;
        !           783:   double cost;
        !           784:   int isIgnoreUsable = 0;
        !           785:   if( Tcl_GetVar(interp, "echo_module_ignore_usable", TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY) ){
        !           786:     isIgnoreUsable = 1;
        !           787:   }
        !           788: 
        !           789:   if( simulateVtabError(pVtab, "xBestIndex") ){
        !           790:     return SQLITE_ERROR;
        !           791:   }
        !           792: 
        !           793:   /* Determine the number of rows in the table and store this value in local
        !           794:   ** variable nRow. The 'estimated-cost' of the scan will be the number of
        !           795:   ** rows in the table for a linear scan, or the log (base 2) of the 
        !           796:   ** number of rows if the proposed scan uses an index.  
        !           797:   */
        !           798:   if( Tcl_GetVar(interp, "echo_module_cost", TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY) ){
        !           799:     cost = atof(Tcl_GetVar(interp, "echo_module_cost", TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY));
        !           800:     useCost = 1;
        !           801:   } else {
        !           802:     zQuery = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT count(*) FROM %Q", pVtab->zTableName);
        !           803:     if( !zQuery ){
        !           804:       return SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           805:     }
        !           806:     rc = sqlite3_prepare(pVtab->db, zQuery, -1, &pStmt, 0);
        !           807:     sqlite3_free(zQuery);
        !           808:     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        !           809:       return rc;
        !           810:     }
        !           811:     sqlite3_step(pStmt);
        !           812:     nRow = sqlite3_column_int(pStmt, 0);
        !           813:     rc = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
        !           814:     if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        !           815:       return rc;
        !           816:     }
        !           817:   }
        !           818: 
        !           819:   zQuery = sqlite3_mprintf("SELECT rowid, * FROM %Q", pVtab->zTableName);
        !           820:   if( !zQuery ){
        !           821:     return SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           822:   }
        !           823:   for(ii=0; ii<pIdxInfo->nConstraint; ii++){
        !           824:     const struct sqlite3_index_constraint *pConstraint;
        !           825:     struct sqlite3_index_constraint_usage *pUsage;
        !           826:     int iCol;
        !           827: 
        !           828:     pConstraint = &pIdxInfo->aConstraint[ii];
        !           829:     pUsage = &pIdxInfo->aConstraintUsage[ii];
        !           830: 
        !           831:     if( !isIgnoreUsable && !pConstraint->usable ) continue;
        !           832: 
        !           833:     iCol = pConstraint->iColumn;
        !           834:     if( pVtab->aIndex[iCol] || iCol<0 ){
        !           835:       char *zCol = pVtab->aCol[iCol];
        !           836:       char *zOp = 0;
        !           837:       useIdx = 1;
        !           838:       if( iCol<0 ){
        !           839:         zCol = "rowid";
        !           840:       }
        !           841:       switch( pConstraint->op ){
        !           842:         case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_EQ:
        !           843:           zOp = "="; break;
        !           844:         case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LT:
        !           845:           zOp = "<"; break;
        !           846:         case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GT:
        !           847:           zOp = ">"; break;
        !           848:         case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_LE:
        !           849:           zOp = "<="; break;
        !           850:         case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_GE:
        !           851:           zOp = ">="; break;
        !           852:         case SQLITE_INDEX_CONSTRAINT_MATCH:
        !           853:           zOp = "LIKE"; break;
        !           854:       }
        !           855:       if( zOp[0]=='L' ){
        !           856:         zNew = sqlite3_mprintf(" %s %s LIKE (SELECT '%%'||?||'%%')", 
        !           857:                                zSep, zCol);
        !           858:       } else {
        !           859:         zNew = sqlite3_mprintf(" %s %s %s ?", zSep, zCol, zOp);
        !           860:       }
        !           861:       string_concat(&zQuery, zNew, 1, &rc);
        !           862: 
        !           863:       zSep = "AND";
        !           864:       pUsage->argvIndex = ++nArg;
        !           865:       pUsage->omit = 1;
        !           866:     }
        !           867:   }
        !           868: 
        !           869:   /* If there is only one term in the ORDER BY clause, and it is
        !           870:   ** on a column that this virtual table has an index for, then consume 
        !           871:   ** the ORDER BY clause.
        !           872:   */
        !           873:   if( pIdxInfo->nOrderBy==1 && pVtab->aIndex[pIdxInfo->aOrderBy->iColumn] ){
        !           874:     int iCol = pIdxInfo->aOrderBy->iColumn;
        !           875:     char *zCol = pVtab->aCol[iCol];
        !           876:     char *zDir = pIdxInfo->aOrderBy->desc?"DESC":"ASC";
        !           877:     if( iCol<0 ){
        !           878:       zCol = "rowid";
        !           879:     }
        !           880:     zNew = sqlite3_mprintf(" ORDER BY %s %s", zCol, zDir);
        !           881:     string_concat(&zQuery, zNew, 1, &rc);
        !           882:     pIdxInfo->orderByConsumed = 1;
        !           883:   }
        !           884: 
        !           885:   appendToEchoModule(pVtab->interp, "xBestIndex");;
        !           886:   appendToEchoModule(pVtab->interp, zQuery);
        !           887: 
        !           888:   if( !zQuery ){
        !           889:     return rc;
        !           890:   }
        !           891:   pIdxInfo->idxNum = hashString(zQuery);
        !           892:   pIdxInfo->idxStr = zQuery;
        !           893:   pIdxInfo->needToFreeIdxStr = 1;
        !           894:   if( useCost ){
        !           895:     pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = cost;
        !           896:   }else if( useIdx ){
        !           897:     /* Approximation of log2(nRow). */
        !           898:     for( ii=0; ii<(sizeof(int)*8); ii++ ){
        !           899:       if( nRow & (1<<ii) ){
        !           900:         pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = (double)ii;
        !           901:       }
        !           902:     }
        !           903:   }else{
        !           904:     pIdxInfo->estimatedCost = (double)nRow;
        !           905:   }
        !           906:   return rc;
        !           907: }
        !           908: 
        !           909: /*
        !           910: ** The xUpdate method for echo module virtual tables.
        !           911: ** 
        !           912: **    apData[0]  apData[1]  apData[2..]
        !           913: **
        !           914: **    INTEGER                              DELETE            
        !           915: **
        !           916: **    INTEGER    NULL       (nCol args)    UPDATE (do not set rowid)
        !           917: **    INTEGER    INTEGER    (nCol args)    UPDATE (with SET rowid = <arg1>)
        !           918: **
        !           919: **    NULL       NULL       (nCol args)    INSERT INTO (automatic rowid value)
        !           920: **    NULL       INTEGER    (nCol args)    INSERT (incl. rowid value)
        !           921: **
        !           922: */
        !           923: int echoUpdate(
        !           924:   sqlite3_vtab *tab, 
        !           925:   int nData, 
        !           926:   sqlite3_value **apData, 
        !           927:   sqlite_int64 *pRowid
        !           928: ){
        !           929:   echo_vtab *pVtab = (echo_vtab *)tab;
        !           930:   sqlite3 *db = pVtab->db;
        !           931:   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
        !           932: 
        !           933:   sqlite3_stmt *pStmt;
        !           934:   char *z = 0;               /* SQL statement to execute */
        !           935:   int bindArgZero = 0;       /* True to bind apData[0] to sql var no. nData */
        !           936:   int bindArgOne = 0;        /* True to bind apData[1] to sql var no. 1 */
        !           937:   int i;                     /* Counter variable used by for loops */
        !           938: 
        !           939:   assert( nData==pVtab->nCol+2 || nData==1 );
        !           940: 
        !           941:   /* Ticket #3083 - make sure we always start a transaction prior to
        !           942:   ** making any changes to a virtual table */
        !           943:   assert( pVtab->inTransaction );
        !           944: 
        !           945:   if( simulateVtabError(pVtab, "xUpdate") ){
        !           946:     return SQLITE_ERROR;
        !           947:   }
        !           948: 
        !           949:   /* If apData[0] is an integer and nData>1 then do an UPDATE */
        !           950:   if( nData>1 && sqlite3_value_type(apData[0])==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
        !           951:     char *zSep = " SET";
        !           952:     z = sqlite3_mprintf("UPDATE %Q", pVtab->zTableName);
        !           953:     if( !z ){
        !           954:       rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           955:     }
        !           956: 
        !           957:     bindArgOne = (apData[1] && sqlite3_value_type(apData[1])==SQLITE_INTEGER);
        !           958:     bindArgZero = 1;
        !           959: 
        !           960:     if( bindArgOne ){
        !           961:        string_concat(&z, " SET rowid=?1 ", 0, &rc);
        !           962:        zSep = ",";
        !           963:     }
        !           964:     for(i=2; i<nData; i++){
        !           965:       if( apData[i]==0 ) continue;
        !           966:       string_concat(&z, sqlite3_mprintf(
        !           967:           "%s %Q=?%d", zSep, pVtab->aCol[i-2], i), 1, &rc);
        !           968:       zSep = ",";
        !           969:     }
        !           970:     string_concat(&z, sqlite3_mprintf(" WHERE rowid=?%d", nData), 1, &rc);
        !           971:   }
        !           972: 
        !           973:   /* If apData[0] is an integer and nData==1 then do a DELETE */
        !           974:   else if( nData==1 && sqlite3_value_type(apData[0])==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
        !           975:     z = sqlite3_mprintf("DELETE FROM %Q WHERE rowid = ?1", pVtab->zTableName);
        !           976:     if( !z ){
        !           977:       rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           978:     }
        !           979:     bindArgZero = 1;
        !           980:   }
        !           981: 
        !           982:   /* If the first argument is NULL and there are more than two args, INSERT */
        !           983:   else if( nData>2 && sqlite3_value_type(apData[0])==SQLITE_NULL ){
        !           984:     int ii;
        !           985:     char *zInsert = 0;
        !           986:     char *zValues = 0;
        !           987:   
        !           988:     zInsert = sqlite3_mprintf("INSERT INTO %Q (", pVtab->zTableName);
        !           989:     if( !zInsert ){
        !           990:       rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !           991:     }
        !           992:     if( sqlite3_value_type(apData[1])==SQLITE_INTEGER ){
        !           993:       bindArgOne = 1;
        !           994:       zValues = sqlite3_mprintf("?");
        !           995:       string_concat(&zInsert, "rowid", 0, &rc);
        !           996:     }
        !           997: 
        !           998:     assert((pVtab->nCol+2)==nData);
        !           999:     for(ii=2; ii<nData; ii++){
        !          1000:       string_concat(&zInsert, 
        !          1001:           sqlite3_mprintf("%s%Q", zValues?", ":"", pVtab->aCol[ii-2]), 1, &rc);
        !          1002:       string_concat(&zValues, 
        !          1003:           sqlite3_mprintf("%s?%d", zValues?", ":"", ii), 1, &rc);
        !          1004:     }
        !          1005: 
        !          1006:     string_concat(&z, zInsert, 1, &rc);
        !          1007:     string_concat(&z, ") VALUES(", 0, &rc);
        !          1008:     string_concat(&z, zValues, 1, &rc);
        !          1009:     string_concat(&z, ")", 0, &rc);
        !          1010:   }
        !          1011: 
        !          1012:   /* Anything else is an error */
        !          1013:   else{
        !          1014:     assert(0);
        !          1015:     return SQLITE_ERROR;
        !          1016:   }
        !          1017: 
        !          1018:   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !          1019:     rc = sqlite3_prepare(db, z, -1, &pStmt, 0);
        !          1020:   }
        !          1021:   assert( rc!=SQLITE_OK || pStmt );
        !          1022:   sqlite3_free(z);
        !          1023:   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ) {
        !          1024:     if( bindArgZero ){
        !          1025:       sqlite3_bind_value(pStmt, nData, apData[0]);
        !          1026:     }
        !          1027:     if( bindArgOne ){
        !          1028:       sqlite3_bind_value(pStmt, 1, apData[1]);
        !          1029:     }
        !          1030:     for(i=2; i<nData && rc==SQLITE_OK; i++){
        !          1031:       if( apData[i] ) rc = sqlite3_bind_value(pStmt, i, apData[i]);
        !          1032:     }
        !          1033:     if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !          1034:       sqlite3_step(pStmt);
        !          1035:       rc = sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
        !          1036:     }else{
        !          1037:       sqlite3_finalize(pStmt);
        !          1038:     }
        !          1039:   }
        !          1040: 
        !          1041:   if( pRowid && rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !          1042:     *pRowid = sqlite3_last_insert_rowid(db);
        !          1043:   }
        !          1044:   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        !          1045:     tab->zErrMsg = sqlite3_mprintf("echo-vtab-error: %s", sqlite3_errmsg(db));
        !          1046:   }
        !          1047: 
        !          1048:   return rc;
        !          1049: }
        !          1050: 
        !          1051: /*
        !          1052: ** xBegin, xSync, xCommit and xRollback callbacks for echo module
        !          1053: ** virtual tables. Do nothing other than add the name of the callback
        !          1054: ** to the $::echo_module Tcl variable.
        !          1055: */
        !          1056: static int echoTransactionCall(sqlite3_vtab *tab, const char *zCall){
        !          1057:   char *z;
        !          1058:   echo_vtab *pVtab = (echo_vtab *)tab;
        !          1059:   z = sqlite3_mprintf("echo(%s)", pVtab->zTableName);
        !          1060:   if( z==0 ) return SQLITE_NOMEM;
        !          1061:   appendToEchoModule(pVtab->interp, zCall);
        !          1062:   appendToEchoModule(pVtab->interp, z);
        !          1063:   sqlite3_free(z);
        !          1064:   return SQLITE_OK;
        !          1065: }
        !          1066: static int echoBegin(sqlite3_vtab *tab){
        !          1067:   int rc;
        !          1068:   echo_vtab *pVtab = (echo_vtab *)tab;
        !          1069:   Tcl_Interp *interp = pVtab->interp;
        !          1070:   const char *zVal; 
        !          1071: 
        !          1072:   /* Ticket #3083 - do not start a transaction if we are already in
        !          1073:   ** a transaction */
        !          1074:   assert( !pVtab->inTransaction );
        !          1075: 
        !          1076:   if( simulateVtabError(pVtab, "xBegin") ){
        !          1077:     return SQLITE_ERROR;
        !          1078:   }
        !          1079: 
        !          1080:   rc = echoTransactionCall(tab, "xBegin");
        !          1081: 
        !          1082:   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !          1083:     /* Check if the $::echo_module_begin_fail variable is defined. If it is,
        !          1084:     ** and it is set to the name of the real table underlying this virtual
        !          1085:     ** echo module table, then cause this xSync operation to fail.
        !          1086:     */
        !          1087:     zVal = Tcl_GetVar(interp, "echo_module_begin_fail", TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY);
        !          1088:     if( zVal && 0==strcmp(zVal, pVtab->zTableName) ){
        !          1089:       rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
        !          1090:     }
        !          1091:   }
        !          1092:   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !          1093:     pVtab->inTransaction = 1;
        !          1094:   }
        !          1095:   return rc;
        !          1096: }
        !          1097: static int echoSync(sqlite3_vtab *tab){
        !          1098:   int rc;
        !          1099:   echo_vtab *pVtab = (echo_vtab *)tab;
        !          1100:   Tcl_Interp *interp = pVtab->interp;
        !          1101:   const char *zVal; 
        !          1102: 
        !          1103:   /* Ticket #3083 - Only call xSync if we have previously started a
        !          1104:   ** transaction */
        !          1105:   assert( pVtab->inTransaction );
        !          1106: 
        !          1107:   if( simulateVtabError(pVtab, "xSync") ){
        !          1108:     return SQLITE_ERROR;
        !          1109:   }
        !          1110: 
        !          1111:   rc = echoTransactionCall(tab, "xSync");
        !          1112: 
        !          1113:   if( rc==SQLITE_OK ){
        !          1114:     /* Check if the $::echo_module_sync_fail variable is defined. If it is,
        !          1115:     ** and it is set to the name of the real table underlying this virtual
        !          1116:     ** echo module table, then cause this xSync operation to fail.
        !          1117:     */
        !          1118:     zVal = Tcl_GetVar(interp, "echo_module_sync_fail", TCL_GLOBAL_ONLY);
        !          1119:     if( zVal && 0==strcmp(zVal, pVtab->zTableName) ){
        !          1120:       rc = -1;
        !          1121:     }
        !          1122:   }
        !          1123:   return rc;
        !          1124: }
        !          1125: static int echoCommit(sqlite3_vtab *tab){
        !          1126:   echo_vtab *pVtab = (echo_vtab*)tab;
        !          1127:   int rc;
        !          1128: 
        !          1129:   /* Ticket #3083 - Only call xCommit if we have previously started
        !          1130:   ** a transaction */
        !          1131:   assert( pVtab->inTransaction );
        !          1132: 
        !          1133:   if( simulateVtabError(pVtab, "xCommit") ){
        !          1134:     return SQLITE_ERROR;
        !          1135:   }
        !          1136: 
        !          1137:   sqlite3BeginBenignMalloc();
        !          1138:   rc = echoTransactionCall(tab, "xCommit");
        !          1139:   sqlite3EndBenignMalloc();
        !          1140:   pVtab->inTransaction = 0;
        !          1141:   return rc;
        !          1142: }
        !          1143: static int echoRollback(sqlite3_vtab *tab){
        !          1144:   int rc;
        !          1145:   echo_vtab *pVtab = (echo_vtab*)tab;
        !          1146: 
        !          1147:   /* Ticket #3083 - Only call xRollback if we have previously started
        !          1148:   ** a transaction */
        !          1149:   assert( pVtab->inTransaction );
        !          1150: 
        !          1151:   rc = echoTransactionCall(tab, "xRollback");
        !          1152:   pVtab->inTransaction = 0;
        !          1153:   return rc;
        !          1154: }
        !          1155: 
        !          1156: /*
        !          1157: ** Implementation of "GLOB" function on the echo module.  Pass
        !          1158: ** all arguments to the ::echo_glob_overload procedure of TCL
        !          1159: ** and return the result of that procedure as a string.
        !          1160: */
        !          1161: static void overloadedGlobFunction(
        !          1162:   sqlite3_context *pContext,
        !          1163:   int nArg,
        !          1164:   sqlite3_value **apArg
        !          1165: ){
        !          1166:   Tcl_Interp *interp = sqlite3_user_data(pContext);
        !          1167:   Tcl_DString str;
        !          1168:   int i;
        !          1169:   int rc;
        !          1170:   Tcl_DStringInit(&str);
        !          1171:   Tcl_DStringAppendElement(&str, "::echo_glob_overload");
        !          1172:   for(i=0; i<nArg; i++){
        !          1173:     Tcl_DStringAppendElement(&str, (char*)sqlite3_value_text(apArg[i]));
        !          1174:   }
        !          1175:   rc = Tcl_Eval(interp, Tcl_DStringValue(&str));
        !          1176:   Tcl_DStringFree(&str);
        !          1177:   if( rc ){
        !          1178:     sqlite3_result_error(pContext, Tcl_GetStringResult(interp), -1);
        !          1179:   }else{
        !          1180:     sqlite3_result_text(pContext, Tcl_GetStringResult(interp),
        !          1181:                         -1, SQLITE_TRANSIENT);
        !          1182:   }
        !          1183:   Tcl_ResetResult(interp);
        !          1184: }
        !          1185: 
        !          1186: /*
        !          1187: ** This is the xFindFunction implementation for the echo module.
        !          1188: ** SQLite calls this routine when the first argument of a function
        !          1189: ** is a column of an echo virtual table.  This routine can optionally
        !          1190: ** override the implementation of that function.  It will choose to
        !          1191: ** do so if the function is named "glob", and a TCL command named
        !          1192: ** ::echo_glob_overload exists.
        !          1193: */
        !          1194: static int echoFindFunction(
        !          1195:   sqlite3_vtab *vtab,
        !          1196:   int nArg,
        !          1197:   const char *zFuncName,
        !          1198:   void (**pxFunc)(sqlite3_context*,int,sqlite3_value**),
        !          1199:   void **ppArg
        !          1200: ){
        !          1201:   echo_vtab *pVtab = (echo_vtab *)vtab;
        !          1202:   Tcl_Interp *interp = pVtab->interp;
        !          1203:   Tcl_CmdInfo info;
        !          1204:   if( strcmp(zFuncName,"glob")!=0 ){
        !          1205:     return 0;
        !          1206:   }
        !          1207:   if( Tcl_GetCommandInfo(interp, "::echo_glob_overload", &info)==0 ){
        !          1208:     return 0;
        !          1209:   }
        !          1210:   *pxFunc = overloadedGlobFunction;
        !          1211:   *ppArg = interp;
        !          1212:   return 1;
        !          1213: }
        !          1214: 
        !          1215: static int echoRename(sqlite3_vtab *vtab, const char *zNewName){
        !          1216:   int rc = SQLITE_OK;
        !          1217:   echo_vtab *p = (echo_vtab *)vtab;
        !          1218: 
        !          1219:   if( simulateVtabError(p, "xRename") ){
        !          1220:     return SQLITE_ERROR;
        !          1221:   }
        !          1222: 
        !          1223:   if( p->isPattern ){
        !          1224:     int nThis = strlen(p->zThis);
        !          1225:     char *zSql = sqlite3_mprintf("ALTER TABLE %s RENAME TO %s%s", 
        !          1226:         p->zTableName, zNewName, &p->zTableName[nThis]
        !          1227:     );
        !          1228:     rc = sqlite3_exec(p->db, zSql, 0, 0, 0);
        !          1229:     sqlite3_free(zSql);
        !          1230:   }
        !          1231: 
        !          1232:   return rc;
        !          1233: }
        !          1234: 
        !          1235: static int echoSavepoint(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int iSavepoint){
        !          1236:   assert( pVTab );
        !          1237:   return SQLITE_OK;
        !          1238: }
        !          1239: 
        !          1240: static int echoRelease(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int iSavepoint){
        !          1241:   assert( pVTab );
        !          1242:   return SQLITE_OK;
        !          1243: }
        !          1244: 
        !          1245: static int echoRollbackTo(sqlite3_vtab *pVTab, int iSavepoint){
        !          1246:   assert( pVTab );
        !          1247:   return SQLITE_OK;
        !          1248: }
        !          1249: 
        !          1250: /*
        !          1251: ** A virtual table module that merely "echos" the contents of another
        !          1252: ** table (like an SQL VIEW).
        !          1253: */
        !          1254: static sqlite3_module echoModule = {
        !          1255:   1,                         /* iVersion */
        !          1256:   echoCreate,
        !          1257:   echoConnect,
        !          1258:   echoBestIndex,
        !          1259:   echoDisconnect, 
        !          1260:   echoDestroy,
        !          1261:   echoOpen,                  /* xOpen - open a cursor */
        !          1262:   echoClose,                 /* xClose - close a cursor */
        !          1263:   echoFilter,                /* xFilter - configure scan constraints */
        !          1264:   echoNext,                  /* xNext - advance a cursor */
        !          1265:   echoEof,                   /* xEof */
        !          1266:   echoColumn,                /* xColumn - read data */
        !          1267:   echoRowid,                 /* xRowid - read data */
        !          1268:   echoUpdate,                /* xUpdate - write data */
        !          1269:   echoBegin,                 /* xBegin - begin transaction */
        !          1270:   echoSync,                  /* xSync - sync transaction */
        !          1271:   echoCommit,                /* xCommit - commit transaction */
        !          1272:   echoRollback,              /* xRollback - rollback transaction */
        !          1273:   echoFindFunction,          /* xFindFunction - function overloading */
        !          1274:   echoRename                 /* xRename - rename the table */
        !          1275: };
        !          1276: 
        !          1277: static sqlite3_module echoModuleV2 = {
        !          1278:   2,                         /* iVersion */
        !          1279:   echoCreate,
        !          1280:   echoConnect,
        !          1281:   echoBestIndex,
        !          1282:   echoDisconnect, 
        !          1283:   echoDestroy,
        !          1284:   echoOpen,                  /* xOpen - open a cursor */
        !          1285:   echoClose,                 /* xClose - close a cursor */
        !          1286:   echoFilter,                /* xFilter - configure scan constraints */
        !          1287:   echoNext,                  /* xNext - advance a cursor */
        !          1288:   echoEof,                   /* xEof */
        !          1289:   echoColumn,                /* xColumn - read data */
        !          1290:   echoRowid,                 /* xRowid - read data */
        !          1291:   echoUpdate,                /* xUpdate - write data */
        !          1292:   echoBegin,                 /* xBegin - begin transaction */
        !          1293:   echoSync,                  /* xSync - sync transaction */
        !          1294:   echoCommit,                /* xCommit - commit transaction */
        !          1295:   echoRollback,              /* xRollback - rollback transaction */
        !          1296:   echoFindFunction,          /* xFindFunction - function overloading */
        !          1297:   echoRename,                /* xRename - rename the table */
        !          1298:   echoSavepoint,
        !          1299:   echoRelease,
        !          1300:   echoRollbackTo
        !          1301: };
        !          1302: 
        !          1303: /*
        !          1304: ** Decode a pointer to an sqlite3 object.
        !          1305: */
        !          1306: extern int getDbPointer(Tcl_Interp *interp, const char *zA, sqlite3 **ppDb);
        !          1307: 
        !          1308: static void moduleDestroy(void *p){
        !          1309:   sqlite3_free(p);
        !          1310: }
        !          1311: 
        !          1312: /*
        !          1313: ** Register the echo virtual table module.
        !          1314: */
        !          1315: static int register_echo_module(
        !          1316:   ClientData clientData, /* Pointer to sqlite3_enable_XXX function */
        !          1317:   Tcl_Interp *interp,    /* The TCL interpreter that invoked this command */
        !          1318:   int objc,              /* Number of arguments */
        !          1319:   Tcl_Obj *CONST objv[]  /* Command arguments */
        !          1320: ){
        !          1321:   sqlite3 *db;
        !          1322:   EchoModule *pMod;
        !          1323:   if( objc!=2 ){
        !          1324:     Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, objv, "DB");
        !          1325:     return TCL_ERROR;
        !          1326:   }
        !          1327:   if( getDbPointer(interp, Tcl_GetString(objv[1]), &db) ) return TCL_ERROR;
        !          1328: 
        !          1329:   /* Virtual table module "echo" */
        !          1330:   pMod = sqlite3_malloc(sizeof(EchoModule));
        !          1331:   pMod->interp = interp;
        !          1332:   sqlite3_create_module_v2(db, "echo", &echoModule, (void*)pMod, moduleDestroy);
        !          1333: 
        !          1334:   /* Virtual table module "echo_v2" */
        !          1335:   pMod = sqlite3_malloc(sizeof(EchoModule));
        !          1336:   pMod->interp = interp;
        !          1337:   sqlite3_create_module_v2(db, "echo_v2", 
        !          1338:       &echoModuleV2, (void*)pMod, moduleDestroy
        !          1339:   );
        !          1340:   return TCL_OK;
        !          1341: }
        !          1342: 
        !          1343: /*
        !          1344: ** Tcl interface to sqlite3_declare_vtab, invoked as follows from Tcl:
        !          1345: **
        !          1346: ** sqlite3_declare_vtab DB SQL
        !          1347: */
        !          1348: static int declare_vtab(
        !          1349:   ClientData clientData, /* Pointer to sqlite3_enable_XXX function */
        !          1350:   Tcl_Interp *interp,    /* The TCL interpreter that invoked this command */
        !          1351:   int objc,              /* Number of arguments */
        !          1352:   Tcl_Obj *CONST objv[]  /* Command arguments */
        !          1353: ){
        !          1354:   sqlite3 *db;
        !          1355:   int rc;
        !          1356:   if( objc!=3 ){
        !          1357:     Tcl_WrongNumArgs(interp, 1, objv, "DB SQL");
        !          1358:     return TCL_ERROR;
        !          1359:   }
        !          1360:   if( getDbPointer(interp, Tcl_GetString(objv[1]), &db) ) return TCL_ERROR;
        !          1361:   rc = sqlite3_declare_vtab(db, Tcl_GetString(objv[2]));
        !          1362:   if( rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
        !          1363:     Tcl_SetResult(interp, (char *)sqlite3_errmsg(db), TCL_VOLATILE);
        !          1364:     return TCL_ERROR;
        !          1365:   }
        !          1366:   return TCL_OK;
        !          1367: }
        !          1368: 
        !          1369: #endif /* ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE */
        !          1370: 
        !          1371: /*
        !          1372: ** Register commands with the TCL interpreter.
        !          1373: */
        !          1374: int Sqlitetest8_Init(Tcl_Interp *interp){
        !          1375: #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
        !          1376:   static struct {
        !          1377:      char *zName;
        !          1378:      Tcl_ObjCmdProc *xProc;
        !          1379:      void *clientData;
        !          1380:   } aObjCmd[] = {
        !          1381:      { "register_echo_module",   register_echo_module, 0 },
        !          1382:      { "sqlite3_declare_vtab",   declare_vtab, 0 },
        !          1383:   };
        !          1384:   int i;
        !          1385:   for(i=0; i<sizeof(aObjCmd)/sizeof(aObjCmd[0]); i++){
        !          1386:     Tcl_CreateObjCommand(interp, aObjCmd[i].zName, 
        !          1387:         aObjCmd[i].xProc, aObjCmd[i].clientData, 0);
        !          1388:   }
        !          1389: #endif
        !          1390:   return TCL_OK;
        !          1391: }

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