1: /*
2: ** 2001 September 15
3: **
4: ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code. In place of
5: ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
6: **
7: ** May you do good and not evil.
8: ** May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9: ** May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
10: **
11: *************************************************************************
12: ** An tokenizer for SQL
13: **
14: ** This file contains C code that splits an SQL input string up into
15: ** individual tokens and sends those tokens one-by-one over to the
16: ** parser for analysis.
17: */
18: #include "sqliteInt.h"
19: #include <stdlib.h>
20:
21: /*
22: ** The charMap() macro maps alphabetic characters into their
23: ** lower-case ASCII equivalent. On ASCII machines, this is just
24: ** an upper-to-lower case map. On EBCDIC machines we also need
25: ** to adjust the encoding. Only alphabetic characters and underscores
26: ** need to be translated.
27: */
28: #ifdef SQLITE_ASCII
29: # define charMap(X) sqlite3UpperToLower[(unsigned char)X]
30: #endif
31: #ifdef SQLITE_EBCDIC
32: # define charMap(X) ebcdicToAscii[(unsigned char)X]
33: const unsigned char ebcdicToAscii[] = {
34: /* 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F */
35: 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* 0x */
36: 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* 1x */
37: 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* 2x */
38: 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* 3x */
39: 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* 4x */
40: 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* 5x */
41: 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 95, 0, 0, /* 6x */
42: 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* 7x */
43: 0, 97, 98, 99,100,101,102,103,104,105, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* 8x */
44: 0,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* 9x */
45: 0, 0,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* Ax */
46: 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* Bx */
47: 0, 97, 98, 99,100,101,102,103,104,105, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* Cx */
48: 0,106,107,108,109,110,111,112,113,114, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* Dx */
49: 0, 0,115,116,117,118,119,120,121,122, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* Ex */
50: 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* Fx */
51: };
52: #endif
53:
54: /*
55: ** The sqlite3KeywordCode function looks up an identifier to determine if
56: ** it is a keyword. If it is a keyword, the token code of that keyword is
57: ** returned. If the input is not a keyword, TK_ID is returned.
58: **
59: ** The implementation of this routine was generated by a program,
60: ** mkkeywordhash.h, located in the tool subdirectory of the distribution.
61: ** The output of the mkkeywordhash.c program is written into a file
62: ** named keywordhash.h and then included into this source file by
63: ** the #include below.
64: */
65: #include "keywordhash.h"
66:
67:
68: /*
69: ** If X is a character that can be used in an identifier then
70: ** IdChar(X) will be true. Otherwise it is false.
71: **
72: ** For ASCII, any character with the high-order bit set is
73: ** allowed in an identifier. For 7-bit characters,
74: ** sqlite3IsIdChar[X] must be 1.
75: **
76: ** For EBCDIC, the rules are more complex but have the same
77: ** end result.
78: **
79: ** Ticket #1066. the SQL standard does not allow '$' in the
80: ** middle of identfiers. But many SQL implementations do.
81: ** SQLite will allow '$' in identifiers for compatibility.
82: ** But the feature is undocumented.
83: */
84: #ifdef SQLITE_ASCII
85: #define IdChar(C) ((sqlite3CtypeMap[(unsigned char)C]&0x46)!=0)
86: #endif
87: #ifdef SQLITE_EBCDIC
88: const char sqlite3IsEbcdicIdChar[] = {
89: /* x0 x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 x7 x8 x9 xA xB xC xD xE xF */
90: 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* 4x */
91: 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* 5x */
92: 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, /* 6x */
93: 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* 7x */
94: 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, /* 8x */
95: 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, /* 9x */
96: 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, /* Ax */
97: 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, /* Bx */
98: 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, /* Cx */
99: 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, /* Dx */
100: 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, /* Ex */
101: 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, /* Fx */
102: };
103: #define IdChar(C) (((c=C)>=0x42 && sqlite3IsEbcdicIdChar[c-0x40]))
104: #endif
105:
106:
107: /*
108: ** Return the length of the token that begins at z[0].
109: ** Store the token type in *tokenType before returning.
110: */
111: int sqlite3GetToken(const unsigned char *z, int *tokenType){
112: int i, c;
113: switch( *z ){
114: case ' ': case '\t': case '\n': case '\f': case '\r': {
115: testcase( z[0]==' ' );
116: testcase( z[0]=='\t' );
117: testcase( z[0]=='\n' );
118: testcase( z[0]=='\f' );
119: testcase( z[0]=='\r' );
120: for(i=1; sqlite3Isspace(z[i]); i++){}
121: *tokenType = TK_SPACE;
122: return i;
123: }
124: case '-': {
125: if( z[1]=='-' ){
126: /* IMP: R-50417-27976 -- syntax diagram for comments */
127: for(i=2; (c=z[i])!=0 && c!='\n'; i++){}
128: *tokenType = TK_SPACE; /* IMP: R-22934-25134 */
129: return i;
130: }
131: *tokenType = TK_MINUS;
132: return 1;
133: }
134: case '(': {
135: *tokenType = TK_LP;
136: return 1;
137: }
138: case ')': {
139: *tokenType = TK_RP;
140: return 1;
141: }
142: case ';': {
143: *tokenType = TK_SEMI;
144: return 1;
145: }
146: case '+': {
147: *tokenType = TK_PLUS;
148: return 1;
149: }
150: case '*': {
151: *tokenType = TK_STAR;
152: return 1;
153: }
154: case '/': {
155: if( z[1]!='*' || z[2]==0 ){
156: *tokenType = TK_SLASH;
157: return 1;
158: }
159: /* IMP: R-50417-27976 -- syntax diagram for comments */
160: for(i=3, c=z[2]; (c!='*' || z[i]!='/') && (c=z[i])!=0; i++){}
161: if( c ) i++;
162: *tokenType = TK_SPACE; /* IMP: R-22934-25134 */
163: return i;
164: }
165: case '%': {
166: *tokenType = TK_REM;
167: return 1;
168: }
169: case '=': {
170: *tokenType = TK_EQ;
171: return 1 + (z[1]=='=');
172: }
173: case '<': {
174: if( (c=z[1])=='=' ){
175: *tokenType = TK_LE;
176: return 2;
177: }else if( c=='>' ){
178: *tokenType = TK_NE;
179: return 2;
180: }else if( c=='<' ){
181: *tokenType = TK_LSHIFT;
182: return 2;
183: }else{
184: *tokenType = TK_LT;
185: return 1;
186: }
187: }
188: case '>': {
189: if( (c=z[1])=='=' ){
190: *tokenType = TK_GE;
191: return 2;
192: }else if( c=='>' ){
193: *tokenType = TK_RSHIFT;
194: return 2;
195: }else{
196: *tokenType = TK_GT;
197: return 1;
198: }
199: }
200: case '!': {
201: if( z[1]!='=' ){
202: *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
203: return 2;
204: }else{
205: *tokenType = TK_NE;
206: return 2;
207: }
208: }
209: case '|': {
210: if( z[1]!='|' ){
211: *tokenType = TK_BITOR;
212: return 1;
213: }else{
214: *tokenType = TK_CONCAT;
215: return 2;
216: }
217: }
218: case ',': {
219: *tokenType = TK_COMMA;
220: return 1;
221: }
222: case '&': {
223: *tokenType = TK_BITAND;
224: return 1;
225: }
226: case '~': {
227: *tokenType = TK_BITNOT;
228: return 1;
229: }
230: case '`':
231: case '\'':
232: case '"': {
233: int delim = z[0];
234: testcase( delim=='`' );
235: testcase( delim=='\'' );
236: testcase( delim=='"' );
237: for(i=1; (c=z[i])!=0; i++){
238: if( c==delim ){
239: if( z[i+1]==delim ){
240: i++;
241: }else{
242: break;
243: }
244: }
245: }
246: if( c=='\'' ){
247: *tokenType = TK_STRING;
248: return i+1;
249: }else if( c!=0 ){
250: *tokenType = TK_ID;
251: return i+1;
252: }else{
253: *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
254: return i;
255: }
256: }
257: case '.': {
258: #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
259: if( !sqlite3Isdigit(z[1]) )
260: #endif
261: {
262: *tokenType = TK_DOT;
263: return 1;
264: }
265: /* If the next character is a digit, this is a floating point
266: ** number that begins with ".". Fall thru into the next case */
267: }
268: case '0': case '1': case '2': case '3': case '4':
269: case '5': case '6': case '7': case '8': case '9': {
270: testcase( z[0]=='0' ); testcase( z[0]=='1' ); testcase( z[0]=='2' );
271: testcase( z[0]=='3' ); testcase( z[0]=='4' ); testcase( z[0]=='5' );
272: testcase( z[0]=='6' ); testcase( z[0]=='7' ); testcase( z[0]=='8' );
273: testcase( z[0]=='9' );
274: *tokenType = TK_INTEGER;
275: for(i=0; sqlite3Isdigit(z[i]); i++){}
276: #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
277: if( z[i]=='.' ){
278: i++;
279: while( sqlite3Isdigit(z[i]) ){ i++; }
280: *tokenType = TK_FLOAT;
281: }
282: if( (z[i]=='e' || z[i]=='E') &&
283: ( sqlite3Isdigit(z[i+1])
284: || ((z[i+1]=='+' || z[i+1]=='-') && sqlite3Isdigit(z[i+2]))
285: )
286: ){
287: i += 2;
288: while( sqlite3Isdigit(z[i]) ){ i++; }
289: *tokenType = TK_FLOAT;
290: }
291: #endif
292: while( IdChar(z[i]) ){
293: *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
294: i++;
295: }
296: return i;
297: }
298: case '[': {
299: for(i=1, c=z[0]; c!=']' && (c=z[i])!=0; i++){}
300: *tokenType = c==']' ? TK_ID : TK_ILLEGAL;
301: return i;
302: }
303: case '?': {
304: *tokenType = TK_VARIABLE;
305: for(i=1; sqlite3Isdigit(z[i]); i++){}
306: return i;
307: }
308: case '#': {
309: for(i=1; sqlite3Isdigit(z[i]); i++){}
310: if( i>1 ){
311: /* Parameters of the form #NNN (where NNN is a number) are used
312: ** internally by sqlite3NestedParse. */
313: *tokenType = TK_REGISTER;
314: return i;
315: }
316: /* Fall through into the next case if the '#' is not followed by
317: ** a digit. Try to match #AAAA where AAAA is a parameter name. */
318: }
319: #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TCL_VARIABLE
320: case '$':
321: #endif
322: case '@': /* For compatibility with MS SQL Server */
323: case ':': {
324: int n = 0;
325: testcase( z[0]=='$' ); testcase( z[0]=='@' ); testcase( z[0]==':' );
326: *tokenType = TK_VARIABLE;
327: for(i=1; (c=z[i])!=0; i++){
328: if( IdChar(c) ){
329: n++;
330: #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TCL_VARIABLE
331: }else if( c=='(' && n>0 ){
332: do{
333: i++;
334: }while( (c=z[i])!=0 && !sqlite3Isspace(c) && c!=')' );
335: if( c==')' ){
336: i++;
337: }else{
338: *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
339: }
340: break;
341: }else if( c==':' && z[i+1]==':' ){
342: i++;
343: #endif
344: }else{
345: break;
346: }
347: }
348: if( n==0 ) *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
349: return i;
350: }
351: #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_BLOB_LITERAL
352: case 'x': case 'X': {
353: testcase( z[0]=='x' ); testcase( z[0]=='X' );
354: if( z[1]=='\'' ){
355: *tokenType = TK_BLOB;
356: for(i=2; sqlite3Isxdigit(z[i]); i++){}
357: if( z[i]!='\'' || i%2 ){
358: *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
359: while( z[i] && z[i]!='\'' ){ i++; }
360: }
361: if( z[i] ) i++;
362: return i;
363: }
364: /* Otherwise fall through to the next case */
365: }
366: #endif
367: default: {
368: if( !IdChar(*z) ){
369: break;
370: }
371: for(i=1; IdChar(z[i]); i++){}
372: *tokenType = keywordCode((char*)z, i);
373: return i;
374: }
375: }
376: *tokenType = TK_ILLEGAL;
377: return 1;
378: }
379:
380: /*
381: ** Run the parser on the given SQL string. The parser structure is
382: ** passed in. An SQLITE_ status code is returned. If an error occurs
383: ** then an and attempt is made to write an error message into
384: ** memory obtained from sqlite3_malloc() and to make *pzErrMsg point to that
385: ** error message.
386: */
387: int sqlite3RunParser(Parse *pParse, const char *zSql, char **pzErrMsg){
388: int nErr = 0; /* Number of errors encountered */
389: int i; /* Loop counter */
390: void *pEngine; /* The LEMON-generated LALR(1) parser */
391: int tokenType; /* type of the next token */
392: int lastTokenParsed = -1; /* type of the previous token */
393: u8 enableLookaside; /* Saved value of db->lookaside.bEnabled */
394: sqlite3 *db = pParse->db; /* The database connection */
395: int mxSqlLen; /* Max length of an SQL string */
396:
397:
398: mxSqlLen = db->aLimit[SQLITE_LIMIT_SQL_LENGTH];
399: if( db->activeVdbeCnt==0 ){
400: db->u1.isInterrupted = 0;
401: }
402: pParse->rc = SQLITE_OK;
403: pParse->zTail = zSql;
404: i = 0;
405: assert( pzErrMsg!=0 );
406: pEngine = sqlite3ParserAlloc((void*(*)(size_t))sqlite3Malloc);
407: if( pEngine==0 ){
408: db->mallocFailed = 1;
409: return SQLITE_NOMEM;
410: }
411: assert( pParse->pNewTable==0 );
412: assert( pParse->pNewTrigger==0 );
413: assert( pParse->nVar==0 );
414: assert( pParse->nzVar==0 );
415: assert( pParse->azVar==0 );
416: enableLookaside = db->lookaside.bEnabled;
417: if( db->lookaside.pStart ) db->lookaside.bEnabled = 1;
418: while( !db->mallocFailed && zSql[i]!=0 ){
419: assert( i>=0 );
420: pParse->sLastToken.z = &zSql[i];
421: pParse->sLastToken.n = sqlite3GetToken((unsigned char*)&zSql[i],&tokenType);
422: i += pParse->sLastToken.n;
423: if( i>mxSqlLen ){
424: pParse->rc = SQLITE_TOOBIG;
425: break;
426: }
427: switch( tokenType ){
428: case TK_SPACE: {
429: if( db->u1.isInterrupted ){
430: sqlite3ErrorMsg(pParse, "interrupt");
431: pParse->rc = SQLITE_INTERRUPT;
432: goto abort_parse;
433: }
434: break;
435: }
436: case TK_ILLEGAL: {
437: sqlite3DbFree(db, *pzErrMsg);
438: *pzErrMsg = sqlite3MPrintf(db, "unrecognized token: \"%T\"",
439: &pParse->sLastToken);
440: nErr++;
441: goto abort_parse;
442: }
443: case TK_SEMI: {
444: pParse->zTail = &zSql[i];
445: /* Fall thru into the default case */
446: }
447: default: {
448: sqlite3Parser(pEngine, tokenType, pParse->sLastToken, pParse);
449: lastTokenParsed = tokenType;
450: if( pParse->rc!=SQLITE_OK ){
451: goto abort_parse;
452: }
453: break;
454: }
455: }
456: }
457: abort_parse:
458: if( zSql[i]==0 && nErr==0 && pParse->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
459: if( lastTokenParsed!=TK_SEMI ){
460: sqlite3Parser(pEngine, TK_SEMI, pParse->sLastToken, pParse);
461: pParse->zTail = &zSql[i];
462: }
463: sqlite3Parser(pEngine, 0, pParse->sLastToken, pParse);
464: }
465: #ifdef YYTRACKMAXSTACKDEPTH
466: sqlite3StatusSet(SQLITE_STATUS_PARSER_STACK,
467: sqlite3ParserStackPeak(pEngine)
468: );
469: #endif /* YYDEBUG */
470: sqlite3ParserFree(pEngine, sqlite3_free);
471: db->lookaside.bEnabled = enableLookaside;
472: if( db->mallocFailed ){
473: pParse->rc = SQLITE_NOMEM;
474: }
475: if( pParse->rc!=SQLITE_OK && pParse->rc!=SQLITE_DONE && pParse->zErrMsg==0 ){
476: sqlite3SetString(&pParse->zErrMsg, db, "%s", sqlite3ErrStr(pParse->rc));
477: }
478: assert( pzErrMsg!=0 );
479: if( pParse->zErrMsg ){
480: *pzErrMsg = pParse->zErrMsg;
481: sqlite3_log(pParse->rc, "%s", *pzErrMsg);
482: pParse->zErrMsg = 0;
483: nErr++;
484: }
485: if( pParse->pVdbe && pParse->nErr>0 && pParse->nested==0 ){
486: sqlite3VdbeDelete(pParse->pVdbe);
487: pParse->pVdbe = 0;
488: }
489: #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE
490: if( pParse->nested==0 ){
491: sqlite3DbFree(db, pParse->aTableLock);
492: pParse->aTableLock = 0;
493: pParse->nTableLock = 0;
494: }
495: #endif
496: #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_VIRTUALTABLE
497: sqlite3_free(pParse->apVtabLock);
498: #endif
499:
500: if( !IN_DECLARE_VTAB ){
501: /* If the pParse->declareVtab flag is set, do not delete any table
502: ** structure built up in pParse->pNewTable. The calling code (see vtab.c)
503: ** will take responsibility for freeing the Table structure.
504: */
505: sqlite3DeleteTable(db, pParse->pNewTable);
506: }
507:
508: sqlite3DeleteTrigger(db, pParse->pNewTrigger);
509: for(i=pParse->nzVar-1; i>=0; i--) sqlite3DbFree(db, pParse->azVar[i]);
510: sqlite3DbFree(db, pParse->azVar);
511: sqlite3DbFree(db, pParse->aAlias);
512: while( pParse->pAinc ){
513: AutoincInfo *p = pParse->pAinc;
514: pParse->pAinc = p->pNext;
515: sqlite3DbFree(db, p);
516: }
517: while( pParse->pZombieTab ){
518: Table *p = pParse->pZombieTab;
519: pParse->pZombieTab = p->pNextZombie;
520: sqlite3DeleteTable(db, p);
521: }
522: if( nErr>0 && pParse->rc==SQLITE_OK ){
523: pParse->rc = SQLITE_ERROR;
524: }
525: return nErr;
526: }
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