Annotation of embedaddon/sudo/INSTALL.configure, revision 1.1.1.2
1.1.1.2 ! misho 1: Installation Instructions
! 2: *************************
! 3:
! 4: Copyright (C) 1994, 1995, 1996, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005,
! 5: 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
! 6:
! 7: Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
! 8: are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
! 9: notice and this notice are preserved. This file is offered as-is,
! 10: without warranty of any kind.
! 11:
1.1 misho 12: Basic Installation
13: ==================
14:
1.1.1.2 ! misho 15: Briefly, the shell commands `./configure; make; make install' should
! 16: configure, build, and install this package. The following
! 17: more-detailed instructions are generic; see the `README' file for
! 18: instructions specific to this package. Some packages provide this
! 19: `INSTALL' file but do not implement all of the features documented
! 20: below. The lack of an optional feature in a given package is not
! 21: necessarily a bug. More recommendations for GNU packages can be found
! 22: in *note Makefile Conventions: (standards)Makefile Conventions.
1.1 misho 23:
24: The `configure' shell script attempts to guess correct values for
25: various system-dependent variables used during compilation. It uses
26: those values to create a `Makefile' in each directory of the package.
27: It may also create one or more `.h' files containing system-dependent
28: definitions. Finally, it creates a shell script `config.status' that
1.1.1.2 ! misho 29: you can run in the future to recreate the current configuration, and a
! 30: file `config.log' containing compiler output (useful mainly for
! 31: debugging `configure').
! 32:
! 33: It can also use an optional file (typically called `config.cache'
! 34: and enabled with `--cache-file=config.cache' or simply `-C') that saves
! 35: the results of its tests to speed up reconfiguring. Caching is
! 36: disabled by default to prevent problems with accidental use of stale
! 37: cache files.
1.1 misho 38:
39: If you need to do unusual things to compile the package, please try
40: to figure out how `configure' could check whether to do them, and mail
41: diffs or instructions to the address given in the `README' so they can
1.1.1.2 ! misho 42: be considered for the next release. If you are using the cache, and at
! 43: some point `config.cache' contains results you don't want to keep, you
! 44: may remove or edit it.
! 45:
! 46: The file `configure.ac' (or `configure.in') is used to create
! 47: `configure' by a program called `autoconf'. You need `configure.ac' if
! 48: you want to change it or regenerate `configure' using a newer version
! 49: of `autoconf'.
1.1 misho 50:
1.1.1.2 ! misho 51: The simplest way to compile this package is:
1.1 misho 52:
53: 1. `cd' to the directory containing the package's source code and type
1.1.1.2 ! misho 54: `./configure' to configure the package for your system.
1.1 misho 55:
1.1.1.2 ! misho 56: Running `configure' might take a while. While running, it prints
! 57: some messages telling which features it is checking for.
1.1 misho 58:
59: 2. Type `make' to compile the package.
60:
61: 3. Optionally, type `make check' to run any self-tests that come with
1.1.1.2 ! misho 62: the package, generally using the just-built uninstalled binaries.
1.1 misho 63:
64: 4. Type `make install' to install the programs and any data files and
1.1.1.2 ! misho 65: documentation. When installing into a prefix owned by root, it is
! 66: recommended that the package be configured and built as a regular
! 67: user, and only the `make install' phase executed with root
! 68: privileges.
! 69:
! 70: 5. Optionally, type `make installcheck' to repeat any self-tests, but
! 71: this time using the binaries in their final installed location.
! 72: This target does not install anything. Running this target as a
! 73: regular user, particularly if the prior `make install' required
! 74: root privileges, verifies that the installation completed
! 75: correctly.
1.1 misho 76:
1.1.1.2 ! misho 77: 6. You can remove the program binaries and object files from the
1.1 misho 78: source code directory by typing `make clean'. To also remove the
79: files that `configure' created (so you can compile the package for
80: a different kind of computer), type `make distclean'. There is
81: also a `make maintainer-clean' target, but that is intended mainly
82: for the package's developers. If you use it, you may have to get
83: all sorts of other programs in order to regenerate files that came
84: with the distribution.
85:
1.1.1.2 ! misho 86: 7. Often, you can also type `make uninstall' to remove the installed
! 87: files again. In practice, not all packages have tested that
! 88: uninstallation works correctly, even though it is required by the
! 89: GNU Coding Standards.
! 90:
! 91: 8. Some packages, particularly those that use Automake, provide `make
! 92: distcheck', which can by used by developers to test that all other
! 93: targets like `make install' and `make uninstall' work correctly.
! 94: This target is generally not run by end users.
! 95:
1.1 misho 96: Compilers and Options
97: =====================
98:
99: Some systems require unusual options for compilation or linking that
1.1.1.2 ! misho 100: the `configure' script does not know about. Run `./configure --help'
! 101: for details on some of the pertinent environment variables.
! 102:
! 103: You can give `configure' initial values for configuration parameters
! 104: by setting variables in the command line or in the environment. Here
! 105: is an example:
1.1 misho 106:
1.1.1.2 ! misho 107: ./configure CC=c99 CFLAGS=-g LIBS=-lposix
! 108:
! 109: *Note Defining Variables::, for more details.
1.1 misho 110:
111: Compiling For Multiple Architectures
112: ====================================
113:
114: You can compile the package for more than one kind of computer at the
115: same time, by placing the object files for each architecture in their
1.1.1.2 ! misho 116: own directory. To do this, you can use GNU `make'. `cd' to the
! 117: directory where you want the object files and executables to go and run
! 118: the `configure' script. `configure' automatically checks for the
! 119: source code in the directory that `configure' is in and in `..'. This
! 120: is known as a "VPATH" build.
! 121:
! 122: With a non-GNU `make', it is safer to compile the package for one
! 123: architecture at a time in the source code directory. After you have
! 124: installed the package for one architecture, use `make distclean' before
! 125: reconfiguring for another architecture.
! 126:
! 127: On MacOS X 10.5 and later systems, you can create libraries and
! 128: executables that work on multiple system types--known as "fat" or
! 129: "universal" binaries--by specifying multiple `-arch' options to the
! 130: compiler but only a single `-arch' option to the preprocessor. Like
! 131: this:
! 132:
! 133: ./configure CC="gcc -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \
! 134: CXX="g++ -arch i386 -arch x86_64 -arch ppc -arch ppc64" \
! 135: CPP="gcc -E" CXXCPP="g++ -E"
! 136:
! 137: This is not guaranteed to produce working output in all cases, you
! 138: may have to build one architecture at a time and combine the results
! 139: using the `lipo' tool if you have problems.
1.1 misho 140:
141: Installation Names
142: ==================
143:
1.1.1.2 ! misho 144: By default, `make install' installs the package's commands under
! 145: `/usr/local/bin', include files under `/usr/local/include', etc. You
! 146: can specify an installation prefix other than `/usr/local' by giving
! 147: `configure' the option `--prefix=PREFIX', where PREFIX must be an
! 148: absolute file name.
1.1 misho 149:
150: You can specify separate installation prefixes for
151: architecture-specific files and architecture-independent files. If you
1.1.1.2 ! misho 152: pass the option `--exec-prefix=PREFIX' to `configure', the package uses
! 153: PREFIX as the prefix for installing programs and libraries.
! 154: Documentation and other data files still use the regular prefix.
1.1 misho 155:
156: In addition, if you use an unusual directory layout you can give
1.1.1.2 ! misho 157: options like `--bindir=DIR' to specify different values for particular
1.1 misho 158: kinds of files. Run `configure --help' for a list of the directories
1.1.1.2 ! misho 159: you can set and what kinds of files go in them. In general, the
! 160: default for these options is expressed in terms of `${prefix}', so that
! 161: specifying just `--prefix' will affect all of the other directory
! 162: specifications that were not explicitly provided.
! 163:
! 164: The most portable way to affect installation locations is to pass the
! 165: correct locations to `configure'; however, many packages provide one or
! 166: both of the following shortcuts of passing variable assignments to the
! 167: `make install' command line to change installation locations without
! 168: having to reconfigure or recompile.
! 169:
! 170: The first method involves providing an override variable for each
! 171: affected directory. For example, `make install
! 172: prefix=/alternate/directory' will choose an alternate location for all
! 173: directory configuration variables that were expressed in terms of
! 174: `${prefix}'. Any directories that were specified during `configure',
! 175: but not in terms of `${prefix}', must each be overridden at install
! 176: time for the entire installation to be relocated. The approach of
! 177: makefile variable overrides for each directory variable is required by
! 178: the GNU Coding Standards, and ideally causes no recompilation.
! 179: However, some platforms have known limitations with the semantics of
! 180: shared libraries that end up requiring recompilation when using this
! 181: method, particularly noticeable in packages that use GNU Libtool.
! 182:
! 183: The second method involves providing the `DESTDIR' variable. For
! 184: example, `make install DESTDIR=/alternate/directory' will prepend
! 185: `/alternate/directory' before all installation names. The approach of
! 186: `DESTDIR' overrides is not required by the GNU Coding Standards, and
! 187: does not work on platforms that have drive letters. On the other hand,
! 188: it does better at avoiding recompilation issues, and works well even
! 189: when some directory options were not specified in terms of `${prefix}'
! 190: at `configure' time.
! 191:
! 192: Optional Features
! 193: =================
1.1 misho 194:
195: If the package supports it, you can cause programs to be installed
196: with an extra prefix or suffix on their names by giving `configure' the
197: option `--program-prefix=PREFIX' or `--program-suffix=SUFFIX'.
198:
199: Some packages pay attention to `--enable-FEATURE' options to
200: `configure', where FEATURE indicates an optional part of the package.
201: They may also pay attention to `--with-PACKAGE' options, where PACKAGE
202: is something like `gnu-as' or `x' (for the X Window System). The
203: `README' should mention any `--enable-' and `--with-' options that the
204: package recognizes.
205:
206: For packages that use the X Window System, `configure' can usually
207: find the X include and library files automatically, but if it doesn't,
208: you can use the `configure' options `--x-includes=DIR' and
209: `--x-libraries=DIR' to specify their locations.
210:
1.1.1.2 ! misho 211: Some packages offer the ability to configure how verbose the
! 212: execution of `make' will be. For these packages, running `./configure
! 213: --enable-silent-rules' sets the default to minimal output, which can be
! 214: overridden with `make V=1'; while running `./configure
! 215: --disable-silent-rules' sets the default to verbose, which can be
! 216: overridden with `make V=0'.
! 217:
! 218: Particular systems
! 219: ==================
! 220:
! 221: On HP-UX, the default C compiler is not ANSI C compatible. If GNU
! 222: CC is not installed, it is recommended to use the following options in
! 223: order to use an ANSI C compiler:
! 224:
! 225: ./configure CC="cc -Ae -D_XOPEN_SOURCE=500"
! 226:
! 227: and if that doesn't work, install pre-built binaries of GCC for HP-UX.
! 228:
! 229: On OSF/1 a.k.a. Tru64, some versions of the default C compiler cannot
! 230: parse its `<wchar.h>' header file. The option `-nodtk' can be used as
! 231: a workaround. If GNU CC is not installed, it is therefore recommended
! 232: to try
! 233:
! 234: ./configure CC="cc"
! 235:
! 236: and if that doesn't work, try
! 237:
! 238: ./configure CC="cc -nodtk"
! 239:
! 240: On Solaris, don't put `/usr/ucb' early in your `PATH'. This
! 241: directory contains several dysfunctional programs; working variants of
! 242: these programs are available in `/usr/bin'. So, if you need `/usr/ucb'
! 243: in your `PATH', put it _after_ `/usr/bin'.
! 244:
! 245: On Haiku, software installed for all users goes in `/boot/common',
! 246: not `/usr/local'. It is recommended to use the following options:
! 247:
! 248: ./configure --prefix=/boot/common
! 249:
1.1 misho 250: Specifying the System Type
251: ==========================
252:
1.1.1.2 ! misho 253: There may be some features `configure' cannot figure out
! 254: automatically, but needs to determine by the type of machine the package
! 255: will run on. Usually, assuming the package is built to be run on the
! 256: _same_ architectures, `configure' can figure that out, but if it prints
! 257: a message saying it cannot guess the machine type, give it the
! 258: `--build=TYPE' option. TYPE can either be a short name for the system
! 259: type, such as `sun4', or a canonical name which has the form:
! 260:
1.1 misho 261: CPU-COMPANY-SYSTEM
262:
1.1.1.2 ! misho 263: where SYSTEM can have one of these forms:
! 264:
! 265: OS
! 266: KERNEL-OS
! 267:
! 268: See the file `config.sub' for the possible values of each field. If
1.1 misho 269: `config.sub' isn't included in this package, then this package doesn't
1.1.1.2 ! misho 270: need to know the machine type.
1.1 misho 271:
1.1.1.2 ! misho 272: If you are _building_ compiler tools for cross-compiling, you should
! 273: use the option `--target=TYPE' to select the type of system they will
! 274: produce code for.
! 275:
! 276: If you want to _use_ a cross compiler, that generates code for a
! 277: platform different from the build platform, you should specify the
! 278: "host" platform (i.e., that on which the generated programs will
! 279: eventually be run) with `--host=TYPE'.
1.1 misho 280:
281: Sharing Defaults
282: ================
283:
284: If you want to set default values for `configure' scripts to share,
285: you can create a site shell script called `config.site' that gives
286: default values for variables like `CC', `cache_file', and `prefix'.
287: `configure' looks for `PREFIX/share/config.site' if it exists, then
288: `PREFIX/etc/config.site' if it exists. Or, you can set the
289: `CONFIG_SITE' environment variable to the location of the site script.
290: A warning: not all `configure' scripts look for a site script.
291:
1.1.1.2 ! misho 292: Defining Variables
1.1 misho 293: ==================
294:
1.1.1.2 ! misho 295: Variables not defined in a site shell script can be set in the
! 296: environment passed to `configure'. However, some packages may run
! 297: configure again during the build, and the customized values of these
! 298: variables may be lost. In order to avoid this problem, you should set
! 299: them in the `configure' command line, using `VAR=value'. For example:
! 300:
! 301: ./configure CC=/usr/local2/bin/gcc
! 302:
! 303: causes the specified `gcc' to be used as the C compiler (unless it is
! 304: overridden in the site shell script).
! 305:
! 306: Unfortunately, this technique does not work for `CONFIG_SHELL' due to
! 307: an Autoconf bug. Until the bug is fixed you can use this workaround:
! 308:
! 309: CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash /bin/bash ./configure CONFIG_SHELL=/bin/bash
! 310:
! 311: `configure' Invocation
! 312: ======================
! 313:
1.1 misho 314: `configure' recognizes the following options to control how it
315: operates.
316:
317: `--help'
1.1.1.2 ! misho 318: `-h'
! 319: Print a summary of all of the options to `configure', and exit.
! 320:
! 321: `--help=short'
! 322: `--help=recursive'
! 323: Print a summary of the options unique to this package's
! 324: `configure', and exit. The `short' variant lists options used
! 325: only in the top level, while the `recursive' variant lists options
! 326: also present in any nested packages.
! 327:
! 328: `--version'
! 329: `-V'
! 330: Print the version of Autoconf used to generate the `configure'
! 331: script, and exit.
! 332:
! 333: `--cache-file=FILE'
! 334: Enable the cache: use and save the results of the tests in FILE,
! 335: traditionally `config.cache'. FILE defaults to `/dev/null' to
! 336: disable caching.
! 337:
! 338: `--config-cache'
! 339: `-C'
! 340: Alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'.
1.1 misho 341:
342: `--quiet'
343: `--silent'
344: `-q'
1.1.1.2 ! misho 345: Do not print messages saying which checks are being made. To
! 346: suppress all normal output, redirect it to `/dev/null' (any error
! 347: messages will still be shown).
1.1 misho 348:
349: `--srcdir=DIR'
350: Look for the package's source code in directory DIR. Usually
351: `configure' can determine that directory automatically.
352:
1.1.1.2 ! misho 353: `--prefix=DIR'
! 354: Use DIR as the installation prefix. *note Installation Names::
! 355: for more details, including other options available for fine-tuning
! 356: the installation locations.
! 357:
! 358: `--no-create'
! 359: `-n'
! 360: Run the configure checks, but stop before creating any output
! 361: files.
1.1 misho 362:
1.1.1.2 ! misho 363: `configure' also accepts some other, not widely useful, options. Run
! 364: `configure --help' for more details.
1.1 misho 365:
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