Annotation of embedaddon/sudo/NEWS, revision 1.1.1.1

1.1       misho       1: What's new in Sudo 1.8.3p2?
                      2: 
                      3:  * Fixed a format string vulnerability when the sudo binary (or a
                      4:    symbolic link to the sudo binary) contains printf format escapes
                      5:    and the -D (debugging) flag is used.
                      6: 
                      7: What's new in Sudo 1.8.3p1?
                      8: 
                      9:  * Fixed a crash in the monitor process on Solaris when NOPASSWD
                     10:    was specified or when authentication was disabled.
                     11:  
                     12:  * Fixed matching of a Runas_Alias in the group section of a
                     13:    Runas_Spec.
                     14: 
                     15: What's new in Sudo 1.8.3?
                     16: 
                     17:  * Fixed expansion of strftime() escape sequences in the "log_dir"
                     18:    sudoers setting.
                     19: 
                     20:  * Esperanto, Italian and Japanese translations from translationproject.org.
                     21: 
                     22:  * Sudo will now use PAM by default on AIX 6 and higher.
                     23: 
                     24:  * Added --enable-werror configure option for gcc's -Werror flag.
                     25: 
                     26:  * Visudo no longer assumes all editors support the +linenumber
                     27:    command line argument.  It now uses a whitelist of editors known
                     28:    to support the option.
                     29: 
                     30:  * Fixed matching of network addresses when a netmask is specified
                     31:    but the address is not the first one in the CIDR block.
                     32: 
                     33:  * The configure script now check whether or not errno.h declares
                     34:    the errno variable.  Previously, sudo would always declare errno
                     35:    itself for older systems that don't declare it in errno.h.
                     36: 
                     37:  * The NOPASSWD tag is now honored for denied commands too, which
                     38:    matches historic sudo behavior (prior to sudo 1.7.0).
                     39: 
                     40:  * Sudo now honors the "DEREF" setting in ldap.conf which controls
                     41:    how alias dereferencing is done during an LDAP search.
                     42: 
                     43:  * A symbol conflict with the pam_ssh_agent_auth PAM module that
                     44:    would cause a crash been resolved.
                     45: 
                     46:  * The inability to load a group provider plugin is no longer
                     47:    a fatal error.
                     48: 
                     49:  * A potential crash in the utmp handling code has been fixed.
                     50: 
                     51:  * Two PAM session issues have been resolved.  In previous versions
                     52:    of sudo, the PAM session was opened as one user and closed as
                     53:    another.  Additionally, if no authentication was performed, the
                     54:    PAM session would never be closed.
                     55: 
                     56:  * Sudo will now work correctly with LDAP-based sudoers using TLS
                     57:    or SSL on Debian systems.
                     58: 
                     59:  * The LOGNAME, USER and USERNAME environment variables are preserved
                     60:    correctly again in sudoedit mode.
                     61: 
                     62: What's new in Sudo 1.8.2?
                     63: 
                     64:  * Sudo, visudo, sudoreplay and the sudoers plug-in now have natural
                     65:    language support (NLS). This can be disabled by passing configure
                     66:    the --disable-nls option.  Sudo will use gettext(), if available,
                     67:    to display translated messages.  All translations are coordinated
                     68:    via The Translation Project, http://translationproject.org/.
                     69: 
                     70:  * Plug-ins are now loaded with the RTLD_GLOBAL flag instead of
                     71:    RTLD_LOCAL.  This fixes missing symbol problems in PAM modules
                     72:    on certain platforms, such as FreeBSD and SuSE Linux Enterprise.
                     73: 
                     74:  * I/O logging is now supported for commands run in background mode
                     75:    (using sudo's -b flag).
                     76: 
                     77:  * Group ownership of the sudoers file is now only enforced when
                     78:    the file mode on sudoers allows group readability or writability.
                     79: 
                     80:  * Visudo now checks the contents of an alias and warns about cycles
                     81:    when the alias is expanded.
                     82: 
                     83:  * If the user specifes a group via sudo's -g option that matches
                     84:    the target user's group in the password database, it is now
                     85:    allowed even if no groups are present in the Runas_Spec.
                     86: 
                     87:  * The sudo Makefiles now have more complete dependencies which are
                     88:    automatically generated instead of being maintained manually.
                     89: 
                     90:  * The "use_pty" sudoers option is now correctly passed back to the
                     91:    sudo front end.  This was missing in previous versions of sudo
                     92:    1.8 which prevented "use_pty" from being honored.
                     93: 
                     94:  * "sudo -i command" now works correctly with the bash version
                     95:    2.0 and higher.  Previously, the .bash_profile would not be
                     96:    sourced prior to running the command unless bash was built with
                     97:    NON_INTERACTIVE_LOGIN_SHELLS defined.
                     98: 
                     99:  * When matching groups in the sudoers file, sudo will now match
                    100:    based on the name of the group instead of the group ID. This can
                    101:    substantially reduce the number of group lookups for sudoers
                    102:    files that contain a large number of groups.
                    103: 
                    104:  * Multi-factor authentication is now supported on AIX.
                    105: 
                    106:  * Added support for non-RFC 4517 compliant LDAP servers that require
                    107:    that seconds be present in a timestamp, such as Tivoli Directory Server.
                    108: 
                    109:  * If the group vector is to be preserved, the PATH search for the
                    110:    command is now done with the user's original group vector.
                    111: 
                    112:  * For LDAP-based sudoers, the "runas_default" sudoOption now works
                    113:    properly in a sudoRole that contains a sudoCommand.
                    114: 
                    115:  * Spaces in command line arguments for "sudo -s" and "sudo -i" are
                    116:    now escaped with a backslash when checking the security policy.
                    117: 
                    118: What's new in Sudo 1.8.1p2?
                    119: 
                    120:  * Two-character CIDR-style IPv4 netmasks are now matched correctly
                    121:    in the sudoers file.
                    122: 
                    123:  * A build error with MIT Kerberos V has been resolved.
                    124: 
                    125:  * A crash on HP-UX in the sudoers plugin when wildcards are
                    126:    present in the sudoers file has been resolved.
                    127: 
                    128:  * Sudo now works correctly on Tru64 Unix again.
                    129: 
                    130: What's new in Sudo 1.8.1p1?
                    131: 
                    132:  * Fixed a problem on AIX where sudo was unable to set the final
                    133:    uid if the PAM module modified the effective uid.
                    134: 
                    135:  * A non-existent includedir is now treated the same as an empty
                    136:    directory and not reported as an error.
                    137: 
                    138:  * Removed extraneous parens in LDAP filter when sudoers_search_filter
                    139:    is enabled that can cause an LDAP search error.
                    140: 
                    141:  * Fixed a "make -j" problem for "make install".
                    142: 
                    143: What's new in Sudo 1.8.1?
                    144: 
                    145:  * A new LDAP setting, sudoers_search_filter, has been added to
                    146:    ldap.conf.  This setting can be used to restrict the set of
                    147:    records returned by the LDAP query.  Based on changes from Matthew
                    148:    Thomas.
                    149: 
                    150:  * White space is now permitted within a User_List when used in
                    151:    conjunction with a per-user Defaults definition.
                    152: 
                    153:  * A group ID (%#gid) may now be specified in a User_List or Runas_List.
                    154:    Likewise, for non-Unix groups the syntax is %:#gid.
                    155: 
                    156:  * Support for double-quoted words in the sudoers file has been fixed.
                    157:    The change in 1.7.5 for escaping the double quote character
                    158:    caused the double quoting to only be available at the beginning
                    159:    of an entry.
                    160: 
                    161:  * The fix for resuming a suspended shell in 1.7.5 caused problems
                    162:    with resuming non-shells on Linux.  Sudo will now save the process
                    163:    group ID of the program it is running on suspend and restore it
                    164:    when resuming, which fixes both problems.
                    165: 
                    166:  * A bug that could result in corrupted output in "sudo -l" has been
                    167:    fixed.
                    168: 
                    169:  * Sudo will now create an entry in the utmp (or utmpx) file when
                    170:    allocating a pseudo-tty (e.g. when logging I/O).  The "set_utmp"
                    171:    and "utmp_runas" sudoers file options can be used to control this.
                    172:    Other policy plugins may use the "set_utmp" and "utmp_user"
                    173:    entries in the command_info list.
                    174: 
                    175:  * The sudoers policy now stores the TSID field in the logs
                    176:    even when the "iolog_file" sudoers option is defined to a value
                    177:    other than %{sessid}.  Previously, the TSID field was only
                    178:    included in the log file when the "iolog_file" option was set
                    179:    to its default value.
                    180: 
                    181:  * The sudoreplay utility now supports arbitrary session IDs.
                    182:    Previously, it would only work with the base-36 session IDs
                    183:    that the sudoers plugin uses by default.
                    184: 
                    185:  * Sudo now passes "run_shell=true" to the policy plugin in the
                    186:    settings list when sudo's -s command line option is specified.
                    187:    The sudoers policy plugin uses this to implement the "set_home"
                    188:    sudoers option which was missing from sudo 1.8.0.
                    189: 
                    190:  * The "noexec" functionality has been moved out of the sudoers
                    191:    policy plugin and into the sudo front-end, which matches the
                    192:    behavior documented in the plugin writer's guide.  As a result,
                    193:    the path to the noexec file is now specified in the sudo.conf
                    194:    file instead of the sudoers file.
                    195: 
                    196:  * On Solaris 10, the PRIV_PROC_EXEC privilege is now used to
                    197:    implement the "noexec" feature.  Previously, this was implemented
                    198:    via the LD_PRELOAD environment variable.
                    199: 
                    200:  * The exit values for "sudo -l", "sudo -v" and "sudo -l command"
                    201:    have been fixed in the sudoers policy plugin.
                    202: 
                    203:  * The sudoers policy plugin now passes the login class, if any,
                    204:    back to the sudo front-end.
                    205: 
                    206:  * The sudoers policy plugin was not being linked with requisite
                    207:    libraries in certain configurations.
                    208: 
                    209:  * Sudo now parses command line arguments before loading any plugins.
                    210:    This allows "sudo -V" or "sudo -h" to work even if there is a problem
                    211:    with sudo.conf
                    212: 
                    213:  * Plugins are now linked with the static version of libgcc to allow
                    214:    the plugin to run on a system where no shared libgcc is installed,
                    215:    or where it is installed in a different location.
                    216: 
                    217: What's new in Sudo 1.8.0?
                    218: 
                    219:  * Sudo has been refactored to use a modular framework that can
                    220:    support third-party policy and I/O logging plugins.  The default
                    221:    plugin is "sudoers" which provides the traditional sudo functionality.
                    222:    See the sudo_plugin manual for details on the plugin API and the
                    223:    sample in the plugins directory for a simple example.
                    224: 
                    225: What's new in Sudo 1.7.5?
                    226: 
                    227:  * When using visudo in check mode, a file named "-" may be used to
                    228:    check sudoers data on the standard input.
                    229: 
                    230:  * Sudo now only fetches shadow password entries when using the
                    231:    password database directly for authentication.
                    232: 
                    233:  * Password and group entries are now cached using the same key
                    234:    that was used to look them up.  This fixes a problem when looking
                    235:    up entries by name if the name in the retrieved entry does not
                    236:    match the name used to look it up.  This may happen on some systems
                    237:    that do case insensitive lookups or that truncate long names.
                    238: 
                    239:  * GCC will no longer display warnings on glibc systems that use
                    240:    the warn_unused_result attribute for write(2) and other system calls.
                    241: 
                    242:  * If a PAM account management module denies access, sudo now prints
                    243:    a more useful error message and stops trying to validate the user.
                    244: 
                    245:  * Fixed a potential hang on idle systems when the sudo-run process
                    246:    exits immediately.
                    247: 
                    248:  * Sudo now includes a copy of zlib that will be used on systems
                    249:    that do not have zlib installed.
                    250: 
                    251:  * The --with-umask-override configure flag has been added to enable
                    252:    the "umask_override" sudoers Defaults option at build time.
                    253: 
                    254:  * Sudo now unblocks all signals on startup to avoid problems caused
                    255:    by the parent process changing the default signal mask.
                    256: 
                    257:  * LDAP Sudoers entries may now specify a time period for which
                    258:    the entry is valid.  This requires an updated sudoers schema
                    259:    that includes the sudoNotBefore and sudoNotAfter attributes.
                    260:    Support for timed entries must be explicitly enabled in the
                    261:    ldap.conf file.  Based on changes from Andreas Mueller.
                    262: 
                    263:  * LDAP Sudoers entries may now specify a sudoOrder attribute that
                    264:    determines the order in which matching entries are applied.  The
                    265:    last matching entry is used, just like file-based sudoers.  This
                    266:    requires an updated sudoers schema that includes the sudoOrder
                    267:    attribute.  Based on changes from Andreas Mueller.
                    268: 
                    269:  * When run as sudoedit, or when given the -e flag, sudo now treats
                    270:    command line arguments as pathnames.  This means that slashes
                    271:    in the sudoers file entry must explicitly match slashes in
                    272:    the command line arguments.  As a result, and entry such as:
                    273:        user ALL = sudoedit /etc/*
                    274:    will allow editing of /etc/motd but not /etc/security/default.
                    275: 
                    276:  * NETWORK_TIMEOUT is now an alias for BIND_TIMELIMIT in ldap.conf for
                    277:    compatibility with OpenLDAP configuration files.
                    278: 
                    279:  * The LDAP API TIMEOUT parameter is now honored in ldap.conf.
                    280: 
                    281:  * The I/O log directory may now be specified in the sudoers file.
                    282: 
                    283:  * Sudo will no longer refuse to run if the sudoers file is writable
                    284:    by root.
                    285: 
                    286:  * Sudo now performs command line escaping for "sudo -s" and "sudo -i"
                    287:    after validating the command so the sudoers entries do not need
                    288:    to include the backslashes.
                    289: 
                    290:  * Logging and email sending are now done in the locale specified
                    291:    by the "sudoers_locale" setting ("C" by default).  Email send by
                    292:    sudo now includes MIME headers when "sudoers_locale" is not "C".
                    293: 
                    294:  * The configure script has a new option, --disable-env-reset, to
                    295:    allow one to change the default for the sudoers Default setting
                    296:    "env_reset" at compile time.
                    297: 
                    298:  * When logging "sudo -l command", sudo will now prepend "list "
                    299:    to the command in the log line to distinguish between an
                    300:    actual command invocation in the logs.
                    301: 
                    302:  * Double-quoted group and user names may now include escaped double
                    303:    quotes as part of the name.  Previously this was a parse error.
                    304: 
                    305:  * Sudo once again restores the state of the signal handlers it
                    306:    modifies before executing the command.  This allows sudo to be
                    307:    used with the nohup command.
                    308: 
                    309:  * Resuming a suspended shell now works properly when I/O logging
                    310:    is not enabled (the I/O logging case was already correct).
                    311: 
                    312: What's new in Sudo 1.7.4p6?
                    313: 
                    314:  * A bug has been fixed in the I/O logging support that could cause
                    315:    visual artifacts in full-screen programs such as text editors.
                    316: 
                    317: What's new in Sudo 1.7.4p5?
                    318: 
                    319:  * A bug has been fixed that would allow a command to be run without the
                    320:    user entering a password when sudo's -g flag is used without the -u flag.
                    321: 
                    322:  * If user has no supplementary groups, sudo will now fall back on checking
                    323:    the group file explicitly, which restores historic sudo behavior.
                    324: 
                    325:  * A crash has been fixed when sudo's -g flag is used without the -u flag
                    326:    and the sudoers file contains an entry with no runas user or group listed.
                    327: 
                    328:  * A crash has been fixed when the Solaris project support is enabled
                    329:    and sudo's -g flag is used without the -u flag.
                    330: 
                    331:  * Sudo no longer exits with an error when support for auditing is
                    332:    compiled in but auditing is not enabled.
                    333: 
                    334:  * Fixed a bug introduced in sudo 1.7.3 where the ticket file was not
                    335:    being honored when the "targetpw" sudoers Defaults option was enabled.
                    336: 
                    337:  * The LOG_INPUT and LOG_OUTPUT tags in sudoers are now parsed correctly.
                    338: 
                    339:  * A crash has been fixed in "sudo -l" when sudo is built with auditing
                    340:    support and the user is not allowed to run any commands on the host.
                    341: 
                    342: What's new in Sudo 1.7.4p4?
                    343: 
                    344:  * A potential security issue has been fixed with respect to the handling
                    345:    of sudo's -g command line option when -u is also specified.  The flaw
                    346:    may allow an attacker to run commands as a user that is not authorized
                    347:    by the sudoers file.
                    348: 
                    349:  * A bug has been fixed where "sudo -l" output was incomplete if multiple
                    350:    sudoers sources were defined in nsswitch.conf and there was an error
                    351:    querying one of the sources.
                    352: 
                    353:  * The log_input, log_output, and use_pty sudoers options now work correctly
                    354:    on AIX.  Previously, sudo would hang if they were enabled.
                    355: 
                    356:  * The "make install" target now works correctly when sudo is built in a
                    357:    directory other than the source directory.
                    358: 
                    359:  * The "runas_default" sudoers setting now works properly in a per-command
                    360:    Defaults line.
                    361: 
                    362:  * Suspending and resuming the bash shell when PAM is in use now works
                    363:    correctly.  The SIGCONT signal was not propagated to the child process.
                    364: 
                    365: What's new in Sudo 1.7.4p3?
                    366: 
                    367:  * A bug has been fixed where duplicate HOME environment variables could be
                    368:    present when the env_reset setting was disabled and the always_set_home
                    369:    setting was enabled in sudoers.
                    370: 
                    371:  * The value of sysconfdir is now substituted into the path to the sudoers.d
                    372:    directory in the installed sudoers file.
                    373: 
                    374:  * Compilation problems on IRIX and other platforms have been fixed.
                    375: 
                    376:  * If multiple PAM "auth" actions are specified and the user enters ^C at
                    377:    the password prompt, sudo will no longer prompt for a password for any
                    378:    subsequent "auth" actions.  Previously it was necessary to enter ^C for
                    379:    each "auth" action.
                    380: 
                    381: What's new in Sudo 1.7.4p2?
                    382: 
                    383:  * A bug where sudo could spin in a busy loop waiting for the child process
                    384:    has been fixed.
                    385: 
                    386: What's new in Sudo 1.7.4p1?
                    387: 
                    388:  * A bug introduced in sudo 1.7.3 that prevented the -k and -K options from
                    389:    functioning when the tty_tickets sudoers option is enabled has been fixed.
                    390: 
                    391:  * Sudo no longer prints a warning when the -k or -K options are specified
                    392:    and the ticket file does not exist.
                    393: 
                    394:  * It is now easier to cross-compile sudo.
                    395: 
                    396: What's new in Sudo 1.7.4?
                    397: 
                    398:  * Sudoedit will now preserve the file extension in the name of the
                    399:    temporary file being edited.  The extension is used by some
                    400:    editors (such as emacs) to choose the editing mode.
                    401: 
                    402:  * Time stamp files have moved from /var/run/sudo to either /var/db/sudo,
                    403:    /var/lib/sudo or /var/adm/sudo.  The directories are checked for
                    404:    existence in that order.  This prevents users from receiving the
                    405:    sudo lecture every time the system reboots.  Time stamp files older
                    406:    than the boot time are ignored on systems where it is possible to
                    407:    determine this.
                    408: 
                    409:  * The tty_tickets sudoers option is now enabled by default.
                    410: 
                    411:  * Ancillary documentation (README files, LICENSE, etc) is now installed
                    412:    in a sudo documentation directory.
                    413: 
                    414:  * Sudo now recognizes "tls_cacert" as an alias for "tls_cacertfile"
                    415:    in ldap.conf.
                    416: 
                    417:  * Defaults settings that are tied to a user, host or command may
                    418:    now include the negation operator.  For example:
                    419:        Defaults:!millert lecture
                    420:    will match any user but millert.
                    421: 
                    422:  * The default PATH environment variable, used when no PATH variable
                    423:     exists, now includes /usr/sbin and /sbin.
                    424: 
                    425:  * Sudo now uses polypkg (http://rc.quest.com/topics/polypkg/)
                    426:    for cross-platform packing.
                    427: 
                    428:  * On Linux, sudo will now restore the nproc resource limit before
                    429:    executing a command, unless the limit appears to have been modified
                    430:    by pam_limits.  This avoids a problem with bash scripts that open
                    431:    more than 32 descriptors on SuSE Linux, where sysconf(_SC_CHILD_MAX)
                    432:    will return -1 when RLIMIT_NPROC is set to RLIMIT_UNLIMITED (-1).
                    433: 
                    434:  * The HOME and MAIL environment variables are now reset based on the
                    435:    target user's password database entry when the env_reset sudoers option
                    436:    is enabled (which is the case in the default configuration).  Users
                    437:    wishing to preserve the original values should use a sudoers entry like:
                    438:        Defaults env_keep += HOME
                    439:    to preserve the old value of HOME and
                    440:        Defaults env_keep += MAIL
                    441:    to preserve the old value of MAIL.
                    442: 
                    443:  * Fixed a problem in the restoration of the AIX authdb registry setting.
                    444: 
                    445:  * Sudo will now fork(2) and wait until the command has completed before
                    446:    calling pam_close_session().
                    447: 
                    448:  * The default syslog facility is now "authpriv" if the operating system
                    449:    supports it, else "auth".
                    450: 
                    451: What's new in Sudo 1.7.3?
                    452: 
                    453:  * Support for logging I/O for the command being run.
                    454:    For more information, see the documentation for the "log_input"
                    455:    and "log_output" Defaults options in the sudoers manual.  Also
                    456:    see the sudoreplay manual for how to replay I/O log sessions.
                    457: 
                    458:  * The use_pty sudoers option can be used to force a command to be
                    459:    run in a pseudo-pty, even when I/O logging is not enabled.
                    460: 
                    461:  * On some systems, sudo can now detect when a user has logged out
                    462:    and back in again when tty-based time stamps are in use.  Supported
                    463:    systems include Solaris systems with the devices file system,
                    464:    Mac OS X, and Linux systems with the devpts filesystem (pseudo-ttys
                    465:    only).
                    466: 
                    467:  * On AIX systems, the registry setting in /etc/security/user is
                    468:    now taken into account when looking up users and groups.  Sudo
                    469:    now applies the correct the user and group ids when running a
                    470:    command as a user whose account details come from a different
                    471:    source (e.g. LDAP or DCE vs.  local files).
                    472: 
                    473:  * Support for multiple 'sudoers_base' and 'uri' entries in ldap.conf.
                    474:    When multiple entries are listed, sudo will try each one in the
                    475:    order in which they are specified.
                    476: 
                    477:  * Sudo's SELinux support should now function correctly when running
                    478:    commands as a non-root user and when one of stdin, stdout or stderr
                    479:    is not a terminal.
                    480: 
                    481:  * Sudo will now use the Linux audit system with configure with
                    482:    the --with-linux-audit flag.
                    483: 
                    484:  * Sudo now uses mbr_check_membership() on systems that support it
                    485:    to determine group membership.  Currently, only Darwin (Mac OS X)
                    486:    supports this.
                    487: 
                    488:  * When the tty_tickets sudoers option is enabled but there is no
                    489:    terminal device, sudo will no longer use or create a tty-based
                    490:    ticket file.  Previously, sudo would use a tty name of "unknown".
                    491:    As a consequence, if a user has no terminal device, sudo will
                    492:    now always prompt for a password.
                    493: 
                    494:  * The passwd_timeout and timestamp_timeout options may now be
                    495:    specified as floating point numbers for more granular timeout
                    496:    values.
                    497: 
                    498:  * Negating the fqdn option in sudoers now works correctly when sudo
                    499:    is configured with the --with-fqdn option.  In previous versions
                    500:    of sudo the fqdn was set before sudoers was parsed.
                    501: 
                    502: What's new in Sudo 1.7.2?
                    503: 
                    504:  * A new #includedir directive is available in sudoers.  This can be
                    505:    used to implement an /etc/sudo.d directory.  Files in an includedir
                    506:    are not edited by visudo unless they contain a syntax error.
                    507: 
                    508:  * The -g option did not work properly when only setting the group
                    509:    (and not the user).  Also, in -l mode the wrong user was displayed
                    510:    for sudoers entries where only the group was allowed to be set.
                    511: 
                    512:  * Fixed a problem with the alias checking in visudo which
                    513:    could prevent visudo from exiting.
                    514: 
                    515:  * Sudo will now correctly parse the shell-style /etc/environment
                    516:    file format used by pam_env on Linux.
                    517: 
                    518:  * When doing password and group database lookups, sudo will only
                    519:    cache an entry by name or by id, depending on how the entry was
                    520:    looked up.  Previously, sudo would cache by both name and id
                    521:    from a single lookup, but this breaks sites that have multiple
                    522:    password or group database names that map to the same uid or
                    523:    gid.
                    524: 
                    525:  * User and group names in sudoers may now be enclosed in double
                    526:    quotes to avoid having to escape special characters.
                    527: 
                    528:  * BSM audit fixes when changing to a non-root uid.
                    529: 
                    530:  * Experimental non-Unix group support.  Currently only works with
                    531:    Quest Authorization Services and allows Active Directory groups
                    532:    fixes for Minix-3.
                    533: 
                    534:  * For Netscape/Mozilla-derived LDAP SDKs the certificate and key
                    535:    paths may be specified as a directory or a file.  However, version
                    536:    5.0 of the SDK only appears to support using a directory (despite
                    537:    documentation to the contrary).  If SSL client initialization
                    538:    fails and the certificate or key paths look like they could be
                    539:    default file name, strip off the last path element and try again.
                    540: 
                    541:  * A setenv() compatibility fix for Linux systems, where a NULL
                    542:    value is treated the same as an empty string and the variable
                    543:    name is checked against the NULL pointer.
                    544: 
                    545: What's new in Sudo 1.7.1?
                    546: 
                    547:  * A new Defaults option "pwfeedback" will cause sudo to provide visual
                    548:    feedback when the user is entering a password.
                    549: 
                    550:  * A new Defaults option "fast_glob" will cause sudo to use the fnmatch()
                    551:    function for file name globbing instead of glob().  When this option
                    552:    is enabled, sudo will not check the file system when expanding wildcards.
                    553:    This is faster but a side effect is that relative paths with wildcard
                    554:    will no longer work.
                    555: 
                    556:  * New BSM audit support for systems that support it such as FreeBSD
                    557:    and Mac OS X.
                    558: 
                    559:  * The file name specified with the #include directive may now include
                    560:    a %h escape which is expanded to the short form of hostname.
                    561: 
                    562:  * The -k flag may now be specified along with a command, causing the
                    563:    user's timestamp file to be ignored.
                    564: 
                    565:  * New support for Tivoli-based LDAP START_TLS, present in AIX.
                    566: 
                    567:  * New support for /etc/netsvc.conf on AIX.
                    568: 
                    569:  * The unused alias checks in visudo now handle the case of an alias
                    570:    referring to another alias.
                    571: 
                    572: What's new in Sudo 1.7.0?
                    573: 
                    574:  * Rewritten parser that converts sudoers into a set of data structures.
                    575:    This eliminates a number of ordering issues and makes it possible to
                    576:    apply sudoers Defaults entries before searching for the command.
                    577:    It also adds support for per-command Defaults specifications.
                    578: 
                    579:  * Sudoers now supports a #include facility to allow the inclusion of other
                    580:    sudoers-format files.
                    581: 
                    582:  * Sudo's -l (list) flag has been enhanced:
                    583:     o applicable Defaults options are now listed
                    584:     o a command argument can be specified for testing whether a user
                    585:       may run a specific command.
                    586:     o a new -U flag can be used in conjunction with "sudo -l" to allow
                    587:       root (or a user with "sudo ALL") list another user's privileges.
                    588: 
                    589:  * A new -g flag has been added to allow the user to specify a
                    590:    primary group to run the command as.  The sudoers syntax has been
                    591:    extended to include a group section in the Runas specification.
                    592: 
                    593:  * A uid may now be used anywhere a username is valid.
                    594: 
                    595:  * The "secure_path" run-time Defaults option has been restored.
                    596: 
                    597:  * Password and group data is now cached for fast lookups.
                    598: 
                    599:  * The file descriptor at which sudo starts closing all open files is now
                    600:    configurable via sudoers and, optionally, the command line.
                    601: 
                    602:  * Visudo will now warn about aliases that are defined but not used.
                    603: 
                    604:  * The -i and -s command line flags now take an optional command
                    605:    to be run via the shell.  Previously, the argument was passed
                    606:    to the shell as a script to run.
                    607: 
                    608:  * Improved LDAP support.  SASL authentication may now be used in
                    609:    conjunction when connecting to an LDAP server.  The krb5_ccname
                    610:    parameter in ldap.conf may be used to enable Kerberos.
                    611: 
                    612:  * Support for /etc/nsswitch.conf.  LDAP users may now use nsswitch.conf
                    613:    to specify the sudoers order.  E.g.:
                    614:        sudoers: ldap files
                    615:    to check LDAP, then /etc/sudoers.  The default is "files", even
                    616:    when LDAP support is compiled in.  This differs from sudo 1.6
                    617:    where LDAP was always consulted first.
                    618: 
                    619:  * Support for /etc/environment on AIX and Linux.  If sudo is run
                    620:    with the -i flag, the contents of /etc/environment are used to
                    621:    populate the new environment that is passed to the command being
                    622:    run.
                    623: 
                    624:  * If no terminal is available or if the new -A flag is specified,
                    625:    sudo will use a helper program to read the password if one is
                    626:    configured.  Typically, this is a graphical password prompter
                    627:    such as ssh-askpass.
                    628: 
                    629:  * A new Defaults option, "mailfrom" that sets the value of the
                    630:    "From:" field in the warning/error mail.  If unspecified, the
                    631:    login name of the invoking user is used.
                    632: 
                    633:  * A new Defaults option, "env_file" that refers to a file containing
                    634:    environment variables to be set in the command being run.
                    635: 
                    636:  * A new flag, -n, may be used to indicate that sudo should not
                    637:    prompt the user for a password and, instead, exit with an error
                    638:    if authentication is required.
                    639: 
                    640:  * If sudo needs to prompt for a password and it is unable to disable
                    641:    echo (and no askpass program is defined), it will refuse to run
                    642:    unless the "visiblepw" Defaults option has been specified.
                    643: 
                    644:  * Prior to version 1.7.0, hitting enter/return at the Password: prompt
                    645:    would exit sudo.  In sudo 1.7.0 and beyond, this is treated as
                    646:    an empty password.  To exit sudo, the user must press ^C or ^D
                    647:    at the prompt.
                    648: 
                    649:  * visudo will now check the sudoers file owner and mode in -c (check)
                    650:    mode when the -s (strict) flag is specified.
                    651: 
                    652:  * A new Defaults option "umask_override" will cause sudo to set the
                    653:    umask specified in sudoers even if it is more permissive than the
                    654:    invoking user's umask.

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