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Diff for /embedaddon/sudo/doc/sudo_plugin.man.in between versions 1.1 and 1.1.1.6

-version 1.1, 2012/02/21 16:23:02
+version 1.1.1.6, 2014/06/15 16:12:54
  Line 1
-.\" Copyright (c) 2009-2011 Todd C. Miller <Todd.Miller@courtesan.com>
+.\" DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE, IT IS NOT THE MASTER!
-.\"
+.\" IT IS GENERATED AUTOMATICALLY FROM sudo_plugin.mdoc.in
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (c) 2009-2013 Todd C. Miller <Todd.Miller@courtesan.com>
+.\"
  .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
  .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
  .\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
 .\"
  .\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
  .\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
  .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
- Line 12
+ Line 15
  .\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
  .\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
  .\" ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
- .\"
- .\" Automatically generated by Pod::Man 2.23 (Pod::Simple 3.14)
  .\"
-.\" Standard preamble:
+.TH "SUDO_PLUGIN" "5" "December 20, 2013" "Sudo @PACKAGE_VERSION@" "OpenBSD Programmer's Manual"
-.\" ========================================================================
-.de Sp \" Vertical space (when we can't use .PP)
-.if t .sp .5v
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-.\" ========================================================================
-.\"
-.IX Title "SUDO_PLUGIN @mansectsu@"
-.TH SUDO_PLUGIN @mansectsu@ "September 16, 2011" "1.8.3" "MAINTENANCE COMMANDS"
-.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
-.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
-.if n .ad l
  .nh
+ .if n .ad l
  .SH "NAME"
-sudo_plugin \- Sudo Plugin API
+\fBsudo_plugin\fR
+\- Sudo Plugin API
  .SH "DESCRIPTION"
-.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
+Starting with version 1.8,
-Starting with version 1.8, \fBsudo\fR supports a plugin \s-1API\s0
+\fBsudo\fR
-for policy and session logging.  By default, the \fIsudoers\fR policy
+supports a plugin API
-plugin and an associated I/O logging plugin are used.  Via the plugin
+for policy and session logging.
-\&\s-1API\s0, \fBsudo\fR can be configured to use alternate policy and/or I/O
+Plugins may be compiled as dynamic shared objects (the default on
-logging plugins provided by third parties.  The plugins to be used
+systems that support them) or compiled statically into the
-are specified via the \fI@sysconfdir@/sudo.conf\fR file.
+\fBsudo\fR
+binary itself.
+By default, the
+\fBsudoers\fR
+policy plugin and an associated I/O logging plugin are used.
+Via the plugin API,
+\fBsudo\fR
+can be configured to use alternate policy and/or I/O logging plugins
+provided by third parties.
+The plugins to be used are specified in the
+sudo.conf(@mansectform@)
+file.
  .PP
-The \s-1API\s0 is versioned with a major and minor number.  The minor
+The API is versioned with a major and minor number.
-version number is incremented when additions are made.  The major
+The minor version number is incremented when additions are made.
-number is incremented when incompatible changes are made.  A plugin
+The major number is incremented when incompatible changes are made.
-should be check the version passed to it and make sure that the
+A plugin should be check the version passed to it and make sure that the
  major version matches.
  .PP
-The plugin \s-1API\s0 is defined by the \f(CW\*(C`sudo_plugin.h\*(C'\fR header file.
+The plugin API is defined by the
-.SS "The sudo.conf File"
+\fRsudo_plugin.h\fR
-.IX Subsection "The sudo.conf File"
+header file.
-The \fI@sysconfdir@/sudo.conf\fR file contains plugin configuration directives.
+.SS "Policy plugin API"
-Currently, the only supported keyword is the \f(CW\*(C`Plugin\*(C'\fR directive,
+A policy plugin must declare and populate a
-which causes a plugin plugin to be loaded.
+\fRpolicy_plugin\fR
+struct in the global scope.
+This structure contains pointers to the functions that implement the
+\fBsudo\fR
+policy checks.
+The name of the symbol should be specified in
+sudo.conf(@mansectform@)
+along with a path to the plugin so that
+\fBsudo\fR
+can load it.
+.nf
+.sp
+.RS 0n
+struct policy_plugin {
+#define SUDO_POLICY_PLUGIN     1
+    unsigned int type; /* always SUDO_POLICY_PLUGIN */
+    unsigned int version; /* always SUDO_API_VERSION */
+    int (*open)(unsigned int version, sudo_conv_t conversation,
+                sudo_printf_t plugin_printf, char * const settings[],
+                char * const user_info[], char * const user_env[],
+                char * const plugin_options[]);
+    void (*close)(int exit_status, int error);
+    int (*show_version)(int verbose);
+    int (*check_policy)(int argc, char * const argv[],
+                        char *env_add[], char **command_info[],
+                        char **argv_out[], char **user_env_out[]);
+    int (*list)(int argc, char * const argv[], int verbose,
+                const char *list_user);
+    int (*validate)(void);
+    void (*invalidate)(int remove);
+    int (*init_session)(struct passwd *pwd, char **user_env[]);
+    void (*register_hooks)(int version,
+       int (*register_hook)(struct sudo_hook *hook));
+    void (*deregister_hooks)(int version,
+       int (*deregister_hook)(struct sudo_hook *hook));
+};
+.RE
+.fi
  .PP
- A \f(CW\*(C`Plugin\*(C'\fR line consists of the \f(CW\*(C`Plugin\*(C'\fR keyword, followed by the
- \&\fIsymbol_name\fR and the \fIpath\fR to the shared object containing the
- plugin.  The \fIsymbol_name\fR is the name of the \f(CW\*(C`struct policy_plugin\*(C'\fR
- or \f(CW\*(C`struct io_plugin\*(C'\fR in the plugin shared object.  The \fIpath\fR
- may be fully qualified or relative.  If not fully qualified it is
- relative to the \fI@prefix@/libexec\fR directory.  Any additional
- parameters after the \fIpath\fR are ignored.  Lines that don't begin
- with \f(CW\*(C`Plugin\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`Path\*(C'\fR are silently ignored.
- .PP
- The same shared object may contain multiple plugins, each with a
- different symbol name.  The shared object file must be owned by uid
-and only writable by its owner.  Because of ambiguities that arise
- from composite policies, only a single policy plugin may be specified.
- This limitation does not apply to I/O plugins.
- .PP
- .Vb 10
- \& #
- \& # Default @sysconfdir@/sudo.conf file
- \& #
- \& # Format:
- \& #   Plugin plugin_name plugin_path
- \& #   Path askpass /path/to/askpass
- \& #
- \& # The plugin_path is relative to @prefix@/libexec unless
- \& #   fully qualified.
- \& # The plugin_name corresponds to a global symbol in the plugin
- \& #   that contains the plugin interface structure.
- \& #
- \& Plugin sudoers_policy sudoers.so
- \& Plugin sudoers_io sudoers.so
- .Ve
- .SS "Policy Plugin \s-1API\s0"
- .IX Subsection "Policy Plugin API"
- A policy plugin must declare and populate a \f(CW\*(C`policy_plugin\*(C'\fR struct
- in the global scope.  This structure contains pointers to the functions
- that implement the \fBsudo\fR policy checks.  The name of the symbol should
- be specified in \fI@sysconfdir@/sudo.conf\fR along with a path to the plugin
- so that \fBsudo\fR can load it.
- .PP
- .Vb 10
- \& struct policy_plugin {
- \& #define SUDO_POLICY_PLUGIN     1
- \&     unsigned int type; /* always SUDO_POLICY_PLUGIN */
- \&     unsigned int version; /* always SUDO_API_VERSION */
- \&     int (*open)(unsigned int version, sudo_conv_t conversation,
- \&                 sudo_printf_t plugin_printf, char * const settings[],
- \&                 char * const user_info[], char * const user_env[]);
- \&     void (*close)(int exit_status, int error);
- \&     int (*show_version)(int verbose);
- \&     int (*check_policy)(int argc, char * const argv[],
- \&                         char *env_add[], char **command_info[],
- \&                         char **argv_out[], char **user_env_out[]);
- \&     int (*list)(int argc, char * const argv[], int verbose,
- \&                 const char *list_user);
- \&     int (*validate)(void);
- \&     void (*invalidate)(int remove);
- \&     int (*init_session)(struct passwd *pwd);
- \& };
- .Ve
- .PP
  The policy_plugin struct has the following fields:
-.IP "type" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "type"
+type
-The \f(CW\*(C`type\*(C'\fR field should always be set to \s-1SUDO_POLICY_PLUGIN\s0.
+The
-.IP "version" 4
+\fRtype\fR
-.IX Item "version"
+field should always be set to SUDO_POLICY_PLUGIN.
-The \f(CW\*(C`version\*(C'\fR field should be set to \s-1SUDO_API_VERSION\s0.
+.TP 6n
-.Sp
+version
-This allows \fBsudo\fR to determine the \s-1API\s0 version the plugin was
+The
+\fRversion\fR
+field should be set to
+\fRSUDO_API_VERSION\fR.
+.sp
+This allows
+\fBsudo\fR
+to determine the API version the plugin was
  built against.
-.IP "open" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "open"
+open
-.Vb 3
+.nf
-\& int (*open)(unsigned int version, sudo_conv_t conversation,
+.RS 6n
-\&             sudo_printf_t plugin_printf, char * const settings[],
+int (*open)(unsigned int version, sudo_conv_t conversation,
-\&             char * const user_info[], char * const user_env[]);
+            sudo_printf_t plugin_printf, char * const settings[],
-.Ve
+            char * const user_info[], char * const user_env[],
-.Sp
+            char * const plugin_options[]);
+.RE
+.fi
+.RS 6n
+.sp
  Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure, \-1 if a general error occurred,
-or \-2 if there was a usage error.  In the latter case, \fBsudo\fR will
+or \-2 if there was a usage error.
-print a usage message before it exits.  If an error occurs, the
+In the latter case,
-plugin may optionally call the conversation or plugin_printf function
+\fBsudo\fR
-with \f(CW\*(C`SUDO_CONF_ERROR_MSG\*(C'\fR to present additional error information
+will print a usage message before it exits.
-to the user.
+If an error occurs, the plugin may optionally call the
-.Sp
+\fBconversation\fR()
+or
+\fBplugin_printf\fR()
+function with
+\fRSUDO_CONF_ERROR_MSG\fR
+to present additional error information to the user.
+.sp
  The function arguments are as follows:
-.RS 4
+.TP 6n
-.IP "version" 4
+version
-.IX Item "version"
+The version passed in by
-The version passed in by \fBsudo\fR allows the plugin to determine the
+\fBsudo\fR
-major and minor version number of the plugin \s-1API\s0 supported by
+allows the plugin to determine the
-\&\fBsudo\fR.
+major and minor version number of the plugin API supported by
-.IP "conversation" 4
+\fBsudo\fR.
-.IX Item "conversation"
+.TP 6n
-A pointer to the conversation function that can be used by the
+conversation
-plugin to interact with the user (see below).
+A pointer to the
+\fBconversation\fR()
+function that can be used by the plugin to interact with the user (see below).
  Returns 0 on success and \-1 on failure.
-.IP "plugin_printf" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "plugin_printf"
+plugin_printf
-A pointer to a printf-style function that may be used to display
+A pointer to a
-informational or error messages (see below).
+\fBprintf\fR()-style
+function that may be used to display informational or error messages
+(see below).
  Returns the number of characters printed on success and \-1 on failure.
-.IP "settings" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "settings"
+settings
-A vector of user-supplied \fBsudo\fR settings in the form of \*(L"name=value\*(R"
+A vector of user-supplied
-strings.  The vector is terminated by a \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR pointer.  These
+\fBsudo\fR
-settings correspond to flags the user specified when running \fBsudo\fR.
+settings in the form of
+\(lqname=value\(rq
+strings.
+The vector is terminated by a
+\fRNULL\fR
+pointer.
+These settings correspond to flags the user specified when running
+\fBsudo\fR.
  As such, they will only be present when the corresponding flag has
  been specified on the command line.
-.Sp
+.sp
-When parsing \fIsettings\fR, the plugin should split on the \fBfirst\fR
+When parsing
-equal sign ('=') since the \fIname\fR field will never include one
+\fIsettings\fR,
-itself but the \fIvalue\fR might.
+the plugin should split on the
-.RS 4
+\fBfirst\fR
-.IP "debug_level=number" 4
+equal sign
-.IX Item "debug_level=number"
+(\(oq=\(cq)
-A numeric debug level, from 1\-9, if specified via the \f(CW\*(C`\-D\*(C'\fR flag.
+since the
-.IP "runas_user=string" 4
+\fIname\fR
-.IX Item "runas_user=string"
+field will never include one
-The user name or uid to to run the command as, if specified via the
+itself but the
-\&\f(CW\*(C`\-u\*(C'\fR flag.
+\fIvalue\fR
-.IP "runas_group=string" 4
+might.
-.IX Item "runas_group=string"
+.PP
-The group name or gid to to run the command as, if specified via
+.RS 6n
-the \f(CW\*(C`\-g\*(C'\fR flag.
+.PD 0
-.IP "prompt=string" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "prompt=string"
+bsdauth_type=string
-The prompt to use when requesting a password, if specified via
+Authentication type, if specified by the
-the \f(CW\*(C`\-p\*(C'\fR flag.
+\fB\-a\fR
-.IP "set_home=bool" 4
+flag, to use on
-.IX Item "set_home=bool"
+systems where BSD authentication is supported.
-Set to true if the user specified the \f(CW\*(C`\-H\*(C'\fR flag.  If true, set the
+.PD
-\&\f(CW\*(C`HOME\*(C'\fR environment variable to the target user's home directory.
+.TP 6n
-.IP "preserve_environment=bool" 4
+closefrom=number
-.IX Item "preserve_environment=bool"
+If specified, the user has requested via the
-Set to true if the user specified the \f(CW\*(C`\-E\*(C'\fR flag, indicating that
+\fB\-C\fR
-the user wishes to preserve the environment.
+flag that
-.IP "run_shell=bool" 4
+\fBsudo\fR
-.IX Item "run_shell=bool"
+close all files descriptors with a value of
-Set to true if the user specified the \f(CW\*(C`\-s\*(C'\fR flag, indicating that
+\fInumber\fR
-the user wishes to run a shell.
+or higher.
-.IP "login_shell=bool" 4
+The plugin may optionally pass this, or another value, back in the
-.IX Item "login_shell=bool"
+\fIcommand_info\fR
-Set to true if the user specified the \f(CW\*(C`\-i\*(C'\fR flag, indicating that
+list.
-the user wishes to run a login shell.
+.TP 6n
-.IP "implied_shell=bool" 4
+debug_flags=string
-.IX Item "implied_shell=bool"
+A comma-separated list of debug flags that correspond to
-If the user does not specify a program on the command line, \fBsudo\fR
+\fBsudo\fR's
-will pass the plugin the path to the user's shell and set
+\fRDebug\fR
-\&\fIimplied_shell\fR to true.  This allows \fBsudo\fR with no arguments
+entry in
-to be used similarly to \fIsu\fR\|(1).  If the plugin does not to support
+sudo.conf(@mansectform@),
-this usage, it may return a value of \-2 from the \f(CW\*(C`check_policy\*(C'\fR
+if there is one.
-function, which will cause \fBsudo\fR to print a usage message and
+The flags are passed to the plugin as they appear in
+sudo.conf(@mansectform@).
+The syntax used by
+\fBsudo\fR
+and the
+\fBsudoers\fR
+plugin is
+\fIsubsystem\fR@\fIpriority\fR
+but the plugin is free to use a different
+format so long as it does not include a comma
+(\(oq,\&\(cq).
+There is not currently a way to specify a set of debug flags specific
+to the plugin--the flags are shared by
+\fBsudo\fR
+and the plugin.
+.TP 6n
+debug_level=number
+This setting has been deprecated in favor of
+\fIdebug_flags\fR.
+.TP 6n
+ignore_ticket=bool
+Set to true if the user specified the
+\fB\-k\fR
+flag along with a
+command, indicating that the user wishes to ignore any cached
+authentication credentials.
+\fIimplied_shell\fR
+to true.
+This allows
+\fBsudo\fR
+with no arguments
+to be used similarly to
+su(1).
+If the plugin does not to support this usage, it may return a value of \-2
+from the
+\fBcheck_policy\fR()
+function, which will cause
+\fBsudo\fR
+to print a usage message and
  exit.
-.IP "preserve_groups=bool" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "preserve_groups=bool"
+implied_shell=bool
-Set to true if the user specified the \f(CW\*(C`\-P\*(C'\fR flag, indicating that
+If the user does not specify a program on the command line,
+\fBsudo\fR
+will pass the plugin the path to the user's shell and set
+.TP 6n
+login_class=string
+BSD login class to use when setting resource limits and nice value,
+if specified by the
+\fB\-c\fR
+flag.
+.TP 6n
+login_shell=bool
+Set to true if the user specified the
+\fB\-i\fR
+flag, indicating that
+the user wishes to run a login shell.
+.TP 6n
+max_groups=int
+The maximum number of groups a user may belong to.
+This will only be present if there is a corresponding setting in
+sudo.conf(@mansectform@).
+.TP 6n
+network_addrs=list
+A space-separated list of IP network addresses and netmasks in the
+form
+\(lqaddr/netmask\(rq,
+e.g.\&
+\(lq192.168.1.2/255.255.255.0\(rq.
+The address and netmask pairs may be either IPv4 or IPv6, depending on
+what the operating system supports.
+If the address contains a colon
+(\(oq:\&\(cq),
+it is an IPv6 address, else it is IPv4.
+.TP 6n
+noninteractive=bool
+Set to true if the user specified the
+\fB\-n\fR
+flag, indicating that
+\fBsudo\fR
+should operate in non-interactive mode.
+The plugin may reject a command run in non-interactive mode if user
+interaction is required.
+.TP 6n
+plugin_dir=string
+The default plugin directory used by the
+\fBsudo\fR
+front end.
+This is the default directory set at compile time and may not
+correspond to the directory the running plugin was loaded from.
+It may be used by a plugin to locate support files.
+.TP 6n
+preserve_environment=bool
+Set to true if the user specified the
+\fB\-E\fR
+flag, indicating that
+the user wishes to preserve the environment.
+.TP 6n
+preserve_groups=bool
+Set to true if the user specified the
+\fB\-P\fR
+flag, indicating that
  the user wishes to preserve the group vector instead of setting it
  based on the runas user.
-.IP "ignore_ticket=bool" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "ignore_ticket=bool"
+progname=string
-Set to true if the user specified the \f(CW\*(C`\-k\*(C'\fR flag along with a
+The command name that sudo was run as, typically
-command, indicating that the user wishes to ignore any cached
+\(lqsudo\(rq
-authentication credentials.
+or
-.IP "noninteractive=bool" 4
+\(lqsudoedit\(rq.
-.IX Item "noninteractive=bool"
+.TP 6n
-Set to true if the user specified the \f(CW\*(C`\-n\*(C'\fR flag, indicating that
+prompt=string
-\&\fBsudo\fR should operate in non-interactive mode.  The plugin may
+The prompt to use when requesting a password, if specified via
-reject a command run in non-interactive mode if user interaction
+the
-is required.
+\fB\-p\fR
-.IP "login_class=string" 4
+flag.
-.IX Item "login_class=string"
+.TP 6n
-\&\s-1BSD\s0 login class to use when setting resource limits and nice value,
+remote_host=string
-if specified by the \f(CW\*(C`\-c\*(C'\fR flag.
+The name of the remote host to run the command on, if specified via
-.IP "selinux_role=string" 4
+the
-.IX Item "selinux_role=string"
+\fB\-h\fR
+option.
+Support for running the command on a remote host is meant to be implemented
+via a helper program that is executed in place of the user-specified command.
+The
+\fBsudo\fR
+front end is only capable of executing commands on the local host.
+Only available starting with API version 1.4.
+.TP 6n
+run_shell=bool
+Set to true if the user specified the
+\fB\-s\fR
+flag, indicating that the user wishes to run a shell.
+.TP 6n
+runas_group=string
+The group name or gid to run the command as, if specified via
+the
+\fB\-g\fR
+flag.
+.TP 6n
+runas_user=string
+The user name or uid to run the command as, if specified via the
+\fB\-u\fR
+flag.
+.TP 6n
+selinux_role=string
  SELinux role to use when executing the command, if specified by
-the \f(CW\*(C`\-r\*(C'\fR flag.
+the
-.IP "selinux_type=string" 4
+\fB\-r\fR
-.IX Item "selinux_type=string"
+flag.
+.TP 6n
+selinux_type=string
  SELinux type to use when executing the command, if specified by
-the \f(CW\*(C`\-t\*(C'\fR flag.
+the
-.IP "bsdauth_type=string" 4
+\fB\-t\fR
-.IX Item "bsdauth_type=string"
+flag.
-Authentication type, if specified by the \f(CW\*(C`\-a\*(C'\fR flag, to use on
+.TP 6n
-systems where \s-1BSD\s0 authentication is supported.
+set_home=bool
-.IP "network_addrs=list" 4
+Set to true if the user specified the
-.IX Item "network_addrs=list"
+\fB\-H\fR
-A space-separated list of \s-1IP\s0 network addresses and netmasks in the
+flag.
-form \*(L"addr/netmask\*(R", e.g. \*(L"192.168.1.2/255.255.255.0\*(R".  The address
+If true, set the
-and netmask pairs may be either IPv4 or IPv6, depending on what the
+\fRHOME\fR
-operating system supports.  If the address contains a colon (':'),
+environment variable to the target user's home directory.
-it is an IPv6 address, else it is IPv4.
+.TP 6n
-.IP "progname=string" 4
+sudoedit=bool
-.IX Item "progname=string"
+Set to true when the
-The command name that sudo was run as, typically \*(L"sudo\*(R" or \*(L"sudoedit\*(R".
+\fB\-e\fR
-.IP "sudoedit=bool" 4
+flag is is specified or if invoked as
-.IX Item "sudoedit=bool"
+\fBsudoedit\fR.
-Set to true when the \f(CW\*(C`\-e\*(C'\fR flag is is specified or if invoked as
+The plugin shall substitute an editor into
-\&\fBsudoedit\fR.  The plugin shall substitute an editor into \fIargv\fR
+\fIargv\fR
-in the \fIcheck_policy\fR function or return \f(CW\*(C`\-2\*(C'\fR with a usage error
+in the
-if the plugin does not support \fIsudoedit\fR.  For more information,
+\fBcheck_policy\fR()
-see the \fIcheck_policy\fR section.
+function or return \-2 with a usage error
-.IP "closefrom=number" 4
+if the plugin does not support
-.IX Item "closefrom=number"
+\fIsudoedit\fR.
-If specified, the user has requested via the \f(CW\*(C`\-C\*(C'\fR flag that \fBsudo\fR
+For more information, see the
-close all files descriptors with a value of \fInumber\fR or higher.
+\fIcheck_policy\fR
-The plugin may optionally pass this, or another value, back in the
+section.
-\&\fIcommand_info\fR list.
+.PP
-.RE
-.RS 4
-.Sp
  Additional settings may be added in the future so the plugin should
  silently ignore settings that it does not recognize.
  .RE
-.IP "user_info" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "user_info"
+user_info
  A vector of information about the user running the command in the form of
-\&\*(L"name=value\*(R" strings.  The vector is terminated by a \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR pointer.
+\(lqname=value\(rq
-.Sp
+strings.
-When parsing \fIuser_info\fR, the plugin should split on the \fBfirst\fR
+The vector is terminated by a
-equal sign ('=') since the \fIname\fR field will never include one
+\fRNULL\fR
-itself but the \fIvalue\fR might.
+pointer.
-.RS 4
+.sp
-.IP "user=string" 4
+When parsing
-.IX Item "user=string"
+\fIuser_info\fR,
-The name of the user invoking \fBsudo\fR.
+the plugin should split on the
-.IP "uid=uid_t" 4
+\fBfirst\fR
-.IX Item "uid=uid_t"
+equal sign
-The real user \s-1ID\s0 of the user invoking \fBsudo\fR.
+(\(oq=\(cq)
-.IP "gid=gid_t" 4
+since the
-.IX Item "gid=gid_t"
+\fIname\fR
-The real group \s-1ID\s0 of the user invoking \fBsudo\fR.
+field will never include one
-.IP "groups=list" 4
+itself but the
-.IX Item "groups=list"
+\fIvalue\fR
+might.
+.PP
+.RS 6n
+.PD 0
+.TP 6n
+cols=int
+The number of columns the user's terminal supports.
+If there is no terminal device available, a default value of 80 is used.
+.PD
+.TP 6n
+cwd=string
+The user's current working directory.
+.TP 6n
+egid=gid_t
+The effective group ID of the user invoking
+\fBsudo\fR.
+.TP 6n
+euid=uid_t
+The effective user ID of the user invoking
+\fBsudo\fR.
+.TP 6n
+gid=gid_t
+The real group ID of the user invoking
+\fBsudo\fR.
+.TP 6n
+groups=list
  The user's supplementary group list formatted as a string of
  comma-separated group IDs.
-.IP "cwd=string" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "cwd=string"
+host=string
-The user's current working directory.
+The local machine's hostname as returned by the
-.IP "tty=string" 4
+gethostname(2)
-.IX Item "tty=string"
-The path to the user's terminal device.  If the user has no terminal
-device associated with the session, the value will be empty, as in
-\&\f(CW\*(C`tty=\*(C'\fR.
-.IP "host=string" 4
-.IX Item "host=string"
-The local machine's hostname as returned by the \f(CW\*(C`gethostname()\*(C'\fR
  system call.
-.IP "lines=int" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "lines=int"
+lines=int
-The number of lines the user's terminal supports.  If there is
+The number of lines the user's terminal supports.
+If there is
  no terminal device available, a default value of 24 is used.
-.IP "cols=int" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "cols=int"
+pgid=int
-The number of columns the user's terminal supports.  If there is
+The ID of the process group that the running
-no terminal device available, a default value of 80 is used.
+\fBsudo\fR
+process is a member of.
+Only available starting with API version 1.2.
+.TP 6n
+pid=int
+The process ID of the running
+\fBsudo\fR
+process.
+Only available starting with API version 1.2.
+.TP 6n
+plugin_options
+Any (non-comment) strings immediately after the plugin path are
+passed as arguments to the plugin.
+These arguments are split on a white space boundary and are passed to
+the plugin in the form of a
+\fRNULL\fR-terminated
+array of strings.
+If no arguments were
+specified,
+\fIplugin_options\fR
+will be the
+\fRNULL\fR
+pointer.
+.sp
+NOTE: the
+\fIplugin_options\fR
+parameter is only available starting with
+API version 1.2.
+A plugin
+\fBmust\fR
+check the API version specified
+by the
+\fBsudo\fR
+front end before using
+\fIplugin_options\fR.
+Failure to do so may result in a crash.
+.TP 6n
+ppid=int
+The parent process ID of the running
+\fBsudo\fR
+process.
+Only available starting with API version 1.2.
+.TP 6n
+sid=int
+The session ID of the running
+\fBsudo\fR
+process or 0 if
+\fBsudo\fR
+is not part of a POSIX job control session.
+Only available starting with API version 1.2.
+.TP 6n
+tcpgid=int
+The ID of the foreground process group associated with the terminal
+device associated with the
+\fBsudo\fR
+process or \-1 if there is no
+terminal present.
+Only available starting with API version 1.2.
+.TP 6n
+tty=string
+The path to the user's terminal device.
+If the user has no terminal device associated with the session,
+the value will be empty, as in
+\(lq\fRtty=\fR\(rq.
+.TP 6n
+uid=uid_t
+The real user ID of the user invoking
+\fBsudo\fR.
+.TP 6n
+user=string
+The name of the user invoking
+\fBsudo\fR.
+.PD 0
+.PP
  .RE
-.RS 4
+.PD
+.TP 6n
+user_env
+The user's environment in the form of a
+\fRNULL\fR-terminated vector of
+\(lqname=value\(rq
+strings.
+.sp
+When parsing
+\fIuser_env\fR,
+the plugin should split on the
+\fBfirst\fR
+equal sign
+(\(oq=\(cq)
+since the
+\fIname\fR
+field will never include one
+itself but the
+\fIvalue\fR
+might.
+.PD 0
+.PP
  .RE
-.IP "user_env" 4
+.PD
-.IX Item "user_env"
+.TP 6n
-The user's environment in the form of a \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR\-terminated vector of
+close
-\&\*(L"name=value\*(R" strings.
+.br
-.Sp
+.nf
-When parsing \fIuser_env\fR, the plugin should split on the \fBfirst\fR
+.RS 6n
-equal sign ('=') since the \fIname\fR field will never include one
+void (*close)(int exit_status, int error);
-itself but the \fIvalue\fR might.
  .RE
-.RS 4
+.fi
-.RE
+.RS 6n
-.IP "close" 4
+.sp
-.IX Item "close"
+The
-.Vb 1
+\fBclose\fR()
-\& void (*close)(int exit_status, int error);
+function is called when the command being run by
-.Ve
+\fBsudo\fR
-.Sp
-The \f(CW\*(C`close\*(C'\fR function is called when the command being run by \fBsudo\fR
  finishes.
-.Sp
+.sp
  The function arguments are as follows:
-.RS 4
+.TP 6n
-.IP "exit_status" 4
+exit_status
-.IX Item "exit_status"
+The command's exit status, as returned by the
-The command's exit status, as returned by the \fIwait\fR\|(2) system call.
+wait(2)
-The value of \f(CW\*(C`exit_status\*(C'\fR is undefined if \f(CW\*(C`error\*(C'\fR is non-zero.
+system call.
-.IP "error" 4
+The value of
-.IX Item "error"
+\fRexit_status\fR
+is undefined if
+\fRerror\fR
+is non-zero.
+.TP 6n
+error
+.br
  If the command could not be executed, this is set to the value of
-\&\f(CW\*(C`errno\*(C'\fR set by the \fIexecve\fR\|(2) system call.  The plugin is responsible
+\fRerrno\fR
-for displaying error information via the conversation or plugin_printf
+set by the
-function.  If the command was successfully executed, the value of
+execve(2)
-\&\f(CW\*(C`error\*(C'\fR is 0.
+system call.
+The plugin is responsible for displaying error information via the
+\fBconversation\fR()
+or
+\fBplugin_printf\fR()
+function.
+If the command was successfully executed, the value of
+\fRerror\fR
+is 0.
+.PP
+If no
+\fBclose\fR()
+function is defined, no I/O logging plugins are loaded,
+and neither the
+\fItimeout\fR
+not
+\fIuse_pty\fR
+options are set in the
+\fRcommand_info\fR
+list, the
+\fBsudo\fR
+front end may execute the command directly instead of running
+it as a child process.
  .RE
-.RS 4
+.TP 6n
+show_version
+.nf
+.RS 6n
+int (*show_version)(int verbose);
  .RE
-.IP "show_version" 4
+.fi
-.IX Item "show_version"
+.RS 6n
-.Vb 1
+.sp
-\& int (*show_version)(int verbose);
+The
-.Ve
+\fBshow_version\fR()
-.Sp
+function is called by
-The \f(CW\*(C`show_version\*(C'\fR function is called by \fBsudo\fR when the user specifies
+\fBsudo\fR
-the \f(CW\*(C`\-V\*(C'\fR option.  The plugin may display its version information
+when the user specifies
-to the user via the conversation or plugin_printf function using
+the
-\&\f(CW\*(C`SUDO_CONV_INFO_MSG\*(C'\fR.  If the user requests detailed version
+\fB\-V\fR
-information, the verbose flag will be set.
+option.
-.IP "check_policy" 4
+The plugin may display its version information to the user via the
-.IX Item "check_policy"
+\fBconversation\fR()
-.Vb 3
+or
-\& int (*check_policy)(int argc, char * const argv[]
+\fBplugin_printf\fR()
-\&                     char *env_add[], char **command_info[],
+function using
-\&                     char **argv_out[], char **user_env_out[]);
+\fRSUDO_CONV_INFO_MSG\fR.
-.Ve
+If the user requests detailed version information, the verbose flag will be set.
-.Sp
+.RE
-The \fIcheck_policy\fR function is called by \fBsudo\fR to determine
+.TP 6n
+check_policy
+.nf
+.RS 6n
+int (*check_policy)(int argc, char * const argv[]
+                    char *env_add[], char **command_info[],
+                    char **argv_out[], char **user_env_out[]);
+.RE
+.fi
+.RS 6n
+.sp
+The
+\fBcheck_policy\fR()
+function is called by
+\fBsudo\fR
+to determine
  whether the user is allowed to run the specified commands.
-.Sp
+.sp
-If the \fIsudoedit\fR option was enabled in the \fIsettings\fR array
+If the
-passed to the \fIopen\fR function, the user has requested \fIsudoedit\fR
+\fIsudoedit\fR
-mode.  \fIsudoedit\fR is a mechanism for editing one or more files
+option was enabled in the
+\fIsettings\fR
+array
+passed to the
+\fBopen\fR()
+function, the user has requested
+\fIsudoedit\fR
+mode.
+\fIsudoedit\fR
+is a mechanism for editing one or more files
  where an editor is run with the user's credentials instead of with
-elevated privileges.  \fBsudo\fR achieves this by creating user-writable
+elevated privileges.
+\fBsudo\fR
+achieves this by creating user-writable
  temporary copies of the files to be edited and then overwriting the
-originals with the temporary copies after editing is complete.  If
+originals with the temporary copies after editing is complete.
-the plugin supports \fBsudoedit\fR, it should choose the editor to be
+If the plugin supports
-used, potentially from a variable in the user's environment, such
+\fIsudoedit\fR,
-as \f(CW\*(C`EDITOR\*(C'\fR, and include it in \fIargv_out\fR (note that environment
+it should choose the editor to be used, potentially from a variable
-variables may include command line flags).  The files to be edited
+in the user's environment, such as
-should be copied from \fIargv\fR into \fIargv_out\fR, separated from the
+\fREDITOR\fR,
-editor and its arguments by a \f(CW"\-\-"\fR element.  The \f(CW"\-\-"\fR will
+and include it in
-be removed by \fBsudo\fR before the editor is executed.  The plugin
+\fIargv_out\fR
-should also set \fIsudoedit=true\fR in the \fIcommand_info\fR list.
+(note that environment
-.Sp
+variables may include command line flags).
-The \fIcheck_policy\fR function returns 1 if the command is allowed,
+The files to be edited should be copied from
+\fIargv\fR
+into
+\fIargv_out\fR,
+separated from the
+editor and its arguments by a
+\(lq\fR--\fR\(rq
+element.
+The
+\(lq\fR--\fR\(rq
+will
+be removed by
+\fBsudo\fR
+before the editor is executed.
+The plugin should also set
+\fIsudoedit=true\fR
+in the
+\fIcommand_info\fR
+list.
+.sp
+The
+\fBcheck_policy\fR()
+function returns 1 if the command is allowed,
 if not allowed, \-1 for a general error, or \-2 for a usage error
-or if \fBsudoedit\fR was specified but is unsupported by the plugin.
+or if
-In the latter case, \fBsudo\fR will print a usage message before it
+\fIsudoedit\fR
-exits.  If an error occurs, the plugin may optionally call the
+was specified but is unsupported by the plugin.
-conversation or plugin_printf function with \f(CW\*(C`SUDO_CONF_ERROR_MSG\*(C'\fR
+In the latter case,
+\fBsudo\fR
+will print a usage message before it
+exits.
+If an error occurs, the plugin may optionally call the
+\fBconversation\fR()
+or
+\fBplugin_printf\fR()
+function with
+\fRSUDO_CONF_ERROR_MSG\fR
  to present additional error information to the user.
-.Sp
+.sp
  The function arguments are as follows:
-.RS 4
+.TP 6n
-.IP "argc" 4
+argc
-.IX Item "argc"
+The number of elements in
-The number of elements in \fIargv\fR, not counting the final \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR
+\fIargv\fR,
+not counting the final
+\fRNULL\fR
  pointer.
-.IP "argv" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "argv"
+argv
  The argument vector describing the command the user wishes to run,
-in the same form as what would be passed to the \fIexecve()\fR system
+in the same form as what would be passed to the
-call.  The vector is terminated by a \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR pointer.
+execve(2)
-.IP "env_add" 4
+system call.
-.IX Item "env_add"
+The vector is terminated by a
+\fRNULL\fR
+pointer.
+.TP 6n
+env_add
  Additional environment variables specified by the user on the command
-line in the form of a \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR\-terminated vector of \*(L"name=value\*(R"
+line in the form of a
-strings.  The plugin may reject the command if one or more variables
+\fRNULL\fR-terminated
+vector of
+\(lqname=value\(rq
+strings.
+The plugin may reject the command if one or more variables
  are not allowed to be set, or it may silently ignore such variables.
-.Sp
+.sp
-When parsing \fIenv_add\fR, the plugin should split on the \fBfirst\fR
+When parsing
-equal sign ('=') since the \fIname\fR field will never include one
+\fIenv_add\fR,
-itself but the \fIvalue\fR might.
+the plugin should split on the
-.IP "command_info" 4
+\fBfirst\fR
-.IX Item "command_info"
+equal sign
-Information about the command being run in the form of \*(L"name=value\*(R"
+(\(oq=\(cq)
-strings.  These values are used by \fBsudo\fR to set the execution
+since the
-environment when running a command.  The plugin is responsible for
+\fIname\fR
-creating and populating the vector, which must be terminated with
+field will never include one
-a \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR pointer.  The following values are recognized by \fBsudo\fR:
+itself but the
-.RS 4
+\fIvalue\fR
-.IP "command=string" 4
+might.
-.IX Item "command=string"
+.TP 6n
+command_info
+Information about the command being run in the form of
+\(lqname=value\(rq
+strings.
+These values are used by
+\fBsudo\fR
+to set the execution
+environment when running a command.
+The plugin is responsible for creating and populating the vector,
+which must be terminated with a
+\fRNULL\fR
+pointer.
+The following values are recognized by
+\fBsudo\fR:
+.PP
+.RS 6n
+.PD 0
+.TP 6n
+chroot=string
+The root directory to use when running the command.
+.PD
+.TP 6n
+closefrom=number
+If specified,
+\fBsudo\fR
+will close all files descriptors with a value
+of
+\fInumber\fR
+or higher.
+.TP 6n
+command=string
  Fully qualified path to the command to be executed.
-.IP "runas_uid=uid" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "runas_uid=uid"
+cwd=string
-User \s-1ID\s0 to run the command as.
-.IP "runas_euid=uid" 4
-.IX Item "runas_euid=uid"
-Effective user \s-1ID\s0 to run the command as.
-If not specified, the value of \fIrunas_uid\fR is used.
-.IP "runas_gid=gid" 4
-.IX Item "runas_gid=gid"
-Group \s-1ID\s0 to run the command as.
-.IP "runas_egid=gid" 4
-.IX Item "runas_egid=gid"
-Effective group \s-1ID\s0 to run the command as.
-If not specified, the value of \fIrunas_gid\fR is used.
-.IP "runas_groups=list" 4
-.IX Item "runas_groups=list"
-The supplementary group vector to use for the command in the form
-of a comma-separated list of group IDs.  If \fIpreserve_groups\fR
-is set, this option is ignored.
-.IP "login_class=string" 4
-.IX Item "login_class=string"
-\&\s-1BSD\s0 login class to use when setting resource limits and nice value
-(optional).  This option is only set on systems that support login
-classes.
-.IP "preserve_groups=bool" 4
-.IX Item "preserve_groups=bool"
-If set, \fBsudo\fR will preserve the user's group vector instead of
-initializing the group vector based on \f(CW\*(C`runas_user\*(C'\fR.
-.IP "cwd=string" 4
-.IX Item "cwd=string"
  The current working directory to change to when executing the command.
-.IP "noexec=bool" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "noexec=bool"
+exec_background=bool
-If set, prevent the command from executing other programs.
+By default,
-.IP "chroot=string" 4
+\fBsudo\fR
-.IX Item "chroot=string"
+runs a command as the foreground process as long as
-The root directory to use when running the command.
+\fBsudo\fR
-.IP "nice=int" 4
+itself is running in the foreground.
-.IX Item "nice=int"
+When
-Nice value (priority) to use when executing the command.  The nice
+\fIexec_background\fR
-value, if specified, overrides the priority associated with the
+is enabled and the command is being run in a pty (due to I/O logging
-\&\fIlogin_class\fR on \s-1BSD\s0 systems.
+or the
-.IP "umask=octal" 4
+\fIuse_pty\fR
-.IX Item "umask=octal"
+setting), the command will be run as a background process.
-The file creation mask to use when executing the command.
+Attempts to read from the controlling terminal (or to change terminal
-.IP "selinux_role=string" 4
+settings) will result in the command being suspended with the
-.IX Item "selinux_role=string"
+\fRSIGTTIN\fR
-SELinux role to use when executing the command.
+signal (or
-.IP "selinux_type=string" 4
+\fRSIGTTOU\fR
-.IX Item "selinux_type=string"
+in the case of terminal settings).
-SELinux type to use when executing the command.
+If this happens when
-.IP "timeout=int" 4
+\fBsudo\fR
-.IX Item "timeout=int"
+is a foreground process, the command will be granted the controlling terminal
-Command timeout.  If non-zero then when the timeout expires the
+and resumed in the foreground with no user intervention required.
-command will be killed.
+The advantage of initially running the command in the background is that
-.IP "sudoedit=bool" 4
+\fBsudo\fR
-.IX Item "sudoedit=bool"
+need not read from the terminal unless the command explicitly requests it.
-Set to true when in \fIsudoedit\fR mode.  The plugin may enable
+Otherwise, any terminal input must be passed to the command, whether it
-\&\fIsudoedit\fR mode even if \fBsudo\fR was not invoked as \fBsudoedit\fR.
+has required it or not (the kernel buffers terminals so it is not possible
-This allows the plugin to perform command substitution and transparently
+to tell whether the command really wants the input).
-enable \fIsudoedit\fR when the user attempts to run an editor.
+This is different from historic
-.IP "closefrom=number" 4
+\fIsudo\fR
-.IX Item "closefrom=number"
+behavior or when the command is not being run in a pty.
-If specified, \fBsudo\fR will close all files descriptors with a value
+.sp
-of \fInumber\fR or higher.
+For this to work seamlessly, the operating system must support the
-.IP "iolog_compress=bool" 4
+automatic restarting of system calls.
-.IX Item "iolog_compress=bool"
+Unfortunately, not all operating systems do this by default,
+and even those that do may have bugs.
+For example, Mac OS X fails to restart the
+\fBtcgetattr\fR()
+and
+\fBtcsetattr\fR()
+system calls (this is a bug in Mac OS X).
+Furthermore, because this behavior depends on the command stopping with the
+\fRSIGTTIN\fR
+or
+\fRSIGTTOU\fR
+signals, programs that catch these signals and suspend themselves
+with a different signal (usually
+\fRSIGTOP\fR)
+will not be automatically foregrounded.
+Some versions of the linux
+su(1)
+command behave this way.
+Because of this, a plugin should not set
+\fIexec_background\fR
+unless it is explicitly enabled by the administrator and there should
+be a way to enabled or disable it on a per-command basis.
+.sp
+This setting has no effect unless I/O logging is enabled or
+\fIuse_pty\fR
+is enabled.
+.TP 6n
+iolog_compress=bool
  Set to true if the I/O logging plugins, if any, should compress the
-log data.  This is a hint to the I/O logging plugin which may choose
+log data.
-to ignore it.
+This is a hint to the I/O logging plugin which may choose to ignore it.
-.IP "iolog_path=string" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "iolog_path=string"
+iolog_path=string
  Fully qualified path to the file or directory in which I/O log is
-to be stored.  This is a hint to the I/O logging plugin which may
+to be stored.
-choose to ignore it.  If no I/O logging plugin is loaded, this
+This is a hint to the I/O logging plugin which may choose to ignore it.
-setting has no effect.
+If no I/O logging plugin is loaded, this setting has no effect.
-.IP "iolog_stdin=bool" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "iolog_stdin=bool"
+iolog_stdin=bool
  Set to true if the I/O logging plugins, if any, should log the
-standard input if it is not connected to a terminal device.  This
+standard input if it is not connected to a terminal device.
-is a hint to the I/O logging plugin which may choose to ignore it.
+This is a hint to the I/O logging plugin which may choose to ignore it.
-.IP "iolog_stdout=bool" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "iolog_stdout=bool"
+iolog_stdout=bool
  Set to true if the I/O logging plugins, if any, should log the
-standard output if it is not connected to a terminal device.  This
+standard output if it is not connected to a terminal device.
-is a hint to the I/O logging plugin which may choose to ignore it.
+This is a hint to the I/O logging plugin which may choose to ignore it.
-.IP "iolog_stderr=bool" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "iolog_stderr=bool"
+iolog_stderr=bool
  Set to true if the I/O logging plugins, if any, should log the
-standard error if it is not connected to a terminal device.  This
+standard error if it is not connected to a terminal device.
-is a hint to the I/O logging plugin which may choose to ignore it.
+This is a hint to the I/O logging plugin which may choose to ignore it.
-.IP "iolog_ttyin=bool" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "iolog_ttyin=bool"
+iolog_ttyin=bool
  Set to true if the I/O logging plugins, if any, should log all
-terminal input.  This only includes input typed by the user and not
+terminal input.
-from a pipe or redirected from a file.  This is a hint to the I/O
+This only includes input typed by the user and not from a pipe or
-logging plugin which may choose to ignore it.
+redirected from a file.
-.IP "iolog_ttyout=bool" 4
+This is a hint to the I/O logging plugin which may choose to ignore it.
-.IX Item "iolog_ttyout=bool"
+.TP 6n
+iolog_ttyout=bool
  Set to true if the I/O logging plugins, if any, should log all
-terminal output.  This only includes output to the screen, not
+terminal output.
-output to a pipe or file.  This is a hint to the I/O logging plugin
+This only includes output to the screen, not output to a pipe or file.
-which may choose to ignore it.
+This is a hint to the I/O logging plugin which may choose to ignore it.
-.IP "use_pty=bool" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "use_pty=bool"
+login_class=string
+BSD login class to use when setting resource limits and nice value
+(optional).
+This option is only set on systems that support login classes.
+.TP 6n
+nice=int
+Nice value (priority) to use when executing the command.
+The nice value, if specified, overrides the priority associated with the
+\fIlogin_class\fR
+on BSD systems.
+.TP 6n
+noexec=bool
+If set, prevent the command from executing other programs.
+.TP 6n
+preserve_fds=list
+A comma-separated list of file descriptors that should be
+preserved, regardless of the value of the
+\fIclosefrom\fR
+setting.
+Only available starting with API version 1.5.
+.TP 6n
+preserve_groups=bool
+If set,
+\fBsudo\fR
+will preserve the user's group vector instead of
+initializing the group vector based on
+\fRrunas_user\fR.
+.TP 6n
+runas_egid=gid
+Effective group ID to run the command as.
+If not specified, the value of
+\fIrunas_gid\fR
+is used.
+.TP 6n
+runas_euid=uid
+Effective user ID to run the command as.
+If not specified, the value of
+\fIrunas_uid\fR
+is used.
+.TP 6n
+runas_gid=gid
+Group ID to run the command as.
+.TP 6n
+runas_groups=list
+The supplementary group vector to use for the command in the form
+of a comma-separated list of group IDs.
+If
+\fIpreserve_groups\fR
+is set, this option is ignored.
+.TP 6n
+runas_uid=uid
+User ID to run the command as.
+.TP 6n
+selinux_role=string
+SELinux role to use when executing the command.
+.TP 6n
+selinux_type=string
+SELinux type to use when executing the command.
+.TP 6n
+set_utmp=bool
+Create a utmp (or utmpx) entry when a pseudo-tty is allocated.
+By default, the new entry will be a copy of the user's existing utmp
+entry (if any), with the tty, time, type and pid fields updated.
+.TP 6n
+sudoedit=bool
+Set to true when in
+\fIsudoedit\fR
+mode.
+The plugin may enable
+\fIsudoedit\fR
+mode even if
+\fBsudo\fR
+was not invoked as
+\fBsudoedit\fR.
+This allows the plugin to perform command substitution and transparently
+enable
+\fIsudoedit\fR
+when the user attempts to run an editor.
+.TP 6n
+timeout=int
+Command timeout.
+If non-zero then when the timeout expires the command will be killed.
+.TP 6n
+umask=octal
+The file creation mask to use when executing the command.
+.TP 6n
+use_pty=bool
  Allocate a pseudo-tty to run the command in, regardless of whether
-or not I/O logging is in use.  By default, \fBsudo\fR will only run
+or not I/O logging is in use.
+By default,
+\fBsudo\fR
+will only run
  the command in a pty when an I/O log plugin is loaded.
-.IP "set_utmp=bool" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "set_utmp=bool"
+utmp_user=string
-Create a utmp (or utmpx) entry when a pseudo-tty is allocated.  By
-default, the new entry will be a copy of the user's existing utmp
-entry (if any), with the tty, time, type and pid fields updated.
-.IP "utmp_user=string" 4
-.IX Item "utmp_user=string"
  User name to use when constructing a new utmp (or utmpx) entry when
-\&\fIset_utmp\fR is enabled.  This option can be used to set the user
+\fIset_utmp\fR
-field in the utmp entry to the user the command runs as rather than
+is enabled.
-the invoking user.  If not set, \fBsudo\fR will base the new entry on
+This option can be used to set the user field in the utmp entry to
+the user the command runs as rather than the invoking user.
+If not set,
+\fBsudo\fR
+will base the new entry on
  the invoking user's existing entry.
-.RE
+.PP
-.RS 4
-.Sp
  Unsupported values will be ignored.
  .RE
-.IP "argv_out" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "argv_out"
+argv_out
-The \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR\-terminated argument vector to pass to the \fIexecve()\fR
+The
-system call when executing the command.  The plugin is responsible
+\fRNULL\fR-terminated
-for allocating and populating the vector.
+argument vector to pass to the
-.IP "user_env_out" 4
+execve(2)
-.IX Item "user_env_out"
+system call when executing the command.
-The \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR\-terminated environment vector to use when executing the
+The plugin is responsible for allocating and populating the vector.
-command.  The plugin is responsible for allocating and populating
+.TP 6n
-the vector.
+user_env_out
+The
+\fRNULL\fR-terminated
+environment vector to use when executing the command.
+The plugin is responsible for allocating and populating the vector.
+.PD 0
+.PP
  .RE
-.RS 4
+.PD
+.TP 6n
+list
+.nf
+.RS 6n
+int (*list)(int verbose, const char *list_user,
+            int argc, char * const argv[]);
  .RE
-.IP "list" 4
+.fi
-.IX Item "list"
+.RS 6n
-.Vb 2
+.sp
-\& int (*list)(int verbose, const char *list_user,
+List available privileges for the invoking user.
-\&             int argc, char * const argv[]);
+Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure and \-1 on error.
-.Ve
+On error, the plugin may optionally call the
-.Sp
+\fBconversation\fR()
-List available privileges for the invoking user.  Returns 1 on
+or
-success, 0 on failure and \-1 on error.  On error, the plugin may
+\fBplugin_printf\fR()
-optionally call the conversation or plugin_printf function with
+function with
-\&\f(CW\*(C`SUDO_CONF_ERROR_MSG\*(C'\fR to present additional error information to
+\fRSUDO_CONF_ERROR_MSG\fR
+to present additional error information to
  the user.
-.Sp
+.sp
-Privileges should be output via the conversation or plugin_printf
+Privileges should be output via the
-function using \f(CW\*(C`SUDO_CONV_INFO_MSG\*(C'\fR.
+\fBconversation\fR()
-.RS 4
+or
-.IP "verbose" 4
+\fBplugin_printf\fR()
-.IX Item "verbose"
+function using
+\fRSUDO_CONV_INFO_MSG\fR,
+.TP 6n
+verbose
  Flag indicating whether to list in verbose mode or not.
-.IP "list_user" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "list_user"
+list_user
  The name of a different user to list privileges for if the policy
-allows it.  If \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR, the plugin should list the privileges of
+allows it.
-the invoking user.
+If
-.IP "argc" 4
+\fRNULL\fR,
-.IX Item "argc"
+the plugin should list the privileges of the invoking user.
-The number of elements in \fIargv\fR, not counting the final \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR
+.TP 6n
+argc
+The number of elements in
+\fIargv\fR,
+not counting the final
+\fRNULL\fR
  pointer.
-.IP "argv" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "argv"
+argv
-If non\-\f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR, an argument vector describing a command the user
+If
+non-\fRNULL\fR,
+an argument vector describing a command the user
  wishes to check against the policy in the same form as what would
-be passed to the \fIexecve()\fR system call.  If the command is permitted
+be passed to the
-by the policy, the fully-qualified path to the command should be
+execve(2)
-displayed along with any command line arguments.
+system call.
+If the command is permitted by the policy, the fully-qualified path
+to the command should be displayed along with any command line arguments.
+.PD 0
+.PP
  .RE
-.RS 4
+.PD
+.TP 6n
+validate
+.nf
+.RS 6n
+int (*validate)(void);
  .RE
-.IP "validate" 4
+.fi
-.IX Item "validate"
+.RS 6n
-.Vb 1
+.sp
-\& int (*validate)(void);
+The
-.Ve
+\fBvalidate\fR()
-.Sp
+function is called when
-The \f(CW\*(C`validate\*(C'\fR function is called when \fBsudo\fR is run with the
+\fBsudo\fR
-\&\f(CW\*(C`\-v\*(C'\fR flag.  For policy plugins such as \fIsudoers\fR that cache
+is run with the
+\fB\-v\fR
+flag.
+For policy plugins such as
+\fBsudoers\fR
+that cache
  authentication credentials, this function will validate and cache
  the credentials.
-.Sp
+.sp
-The \f(CW\*(C`validate\*(C'\fR function should be \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR if the plugin does not
+The
-support credential caching.
+\fBvalidate\fR()
-.Sp
+function should be
+\fRNULL\fR
+if the plugin does not support credential caching.
+.sp
  Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure and \-1 on error.
-On error, the plugin may optionally call the conversation or plugin_printf
+On error, the plugin may optionally call the
-function with \f(CW\*(C`SUDO_CONF_ERROR_MSG\*(C'\fR to present additional
+\fBconversation\fR()
+or
+\fBplugin_printf\fR()
+function with
+\fRSUDO_CONF_ERROR_MSG\fR
+to present additional
  error information to the user.
-.IP "invalidate" 4
+.RE
-.IX Item "invalidate"
+.TP 6n
-.Vb 1
+invalidate
-\& void (*invalidate)(int remove);
+.nf
-.Ve
+.RS 6n
-.Sp
+void (*invalidate)(int remove);
-The \f(CW\*(C`invalidate\*(C'\fR function is called when \fBsudo\fR is called with
+.RE
-the \f(CW\*(C`\-k\*(C'\fR or \f(CW\*(C`\-K\*(C'\fR flag.  For policy plugins such as \fIsudoers\fR that
+.fi
+.RS 6n
+.sp
+The
+\fBinvalidate\fR()
+function is called when
+\fBsudo\fR
+is called with
+the
+\fB\-k\fR
+or
+\fB\-K\fR
+flag.
+For policy plugins such as
+\fBsudoers\fR
+that
  cache authentication credentials, this function will invalidate the
-credentials.  If the \fIremove\fR flag is set, the plugin may remove
+credentials.
+If the
+\fIremove\fR
+flag is set, the plugin may remove
  the credentials instead of simply invalidating them.
-.Sp
+.sp
-The \f(CW\*(C`invalidate\*(C'\fR function should be \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR if the plugin does not
+The
-support credential caching.
+\fBinvalidate\fR()
-.IP "init_session" 4
+function should be
-.IX Item "init_session"
+\fRNULL\fR
-.Vb 1
+if the plugin does not support credential caching.
-\& int (*init_session)(struct passwd *pwd);
+.RE
-.Ve
+.TP 6n
-.Sp
+init_session
-The \f(CW\*(C`init_session\*(C'\fR function is called when \fBsudo\fR sets up the
+.nf
-execution environment for the command, immediately before the
+.RS 6n
-contents of the \fIcommand_info\fR list are applied (before the uid
+int (*init_session)(struct passwd *pwd, char **user_envp[);
-changes).  This can be used to do session setup that is not supported
+.RE
-by \fIcommand_info\fR, such as opening the \s-1PAM\s0 session.
+.fi
-.Sp
+.RS 6n
-The \fIpwd\fR argument points to a passwd struct for the user the
+.sp
+The
+\fBinit_session\fR()
+function is called before
+\fBsudo\fR
+sets up the
+execution environment for the command.
+It is run in the parent
+\fBsudo\fR
+process and before any uid or gid changes.
+This can be used to perform session setup that is not supported by
+\fIcommand_info\fR,
+such as opening the PAM session.
+The
+\fBclose\fR()
+function can be
+used to tear down the session that was opened by
+\fRinit_session\fR.
+.sp
+The
+\fIpwd\fR
+argument points to a passwd struct for the user the
  command will be run as if the uid the command will run as was found
-in the password database, otherwise it will be \s-1NULL\s0.
+in the password database, otherwise it will be
-.Sp
+\fRNULL\fR.
+.sp
+The
+\fIuser_env\fR
+argument points to the environment the command will
+run in, in the form of a
+\fRNULL\fR-terminated
+vector of
+\(lqname=value\(rq
+strings.
+This is the same string passed back to the front end via
+the Policy Plugin's
+\fIuser_env_out\fR
+parameter.
+If the
+\fBinit_session\fR()
+function needs to modify the user environment, it should update the
+pointer stored in
+\fIuser_env\fR.
+The expected use case is to merge the contents of the PAM environment
+(if any) with the contents of
+\fIuser_env\fR.
+NOTE: the
+\fIuser_env\fR
+parameter is only available
+starting with API version 1.2.
+A plugin
+\fBmust\fR
+check the API
+version specified by the
+\fBsudo\fR
+front end before using
+\fIuser_env\fR.
+Failure to do so may result in a crash.
+.sp
  Returns 1 on success, 0 on failure and \-1 on error.
-On error, the plugin may optionally call the conversation or plugin_printf
+On error, the plugin may optionally call the
-function with \f(CW\*(C`SUDO_CONF_ERROR_MSG\*(C'\fR to present additional
+\fBconversation\fR()
+or
+\fBplugin_printf\fR()
+function with
+\fRSUDO_CONF_ERROR_MSG\fR
+to present additional
  error information to the user.
+ .RE
+ .TP 6n
+ register_hooks
+ .nf
+ .RS 6n
+ void (*register_hooks)(int version,
+    int (*register_hook)(struct sudo_hook *hook));
+ .RE
+ .fi
+ .RS 6n
+ .sp
+ The
+ \fBregister_hooks\fR()
+ function is called by the sudo front end to
+ register any hooks the plugin needs.
+ If the plugin does not support hooks,
+ \fRregister_hooks\fR
+ should be set to the
+ \fRNULL\fR
+ pointer.
+ .sp
+ The
+ \fIversion\fR
+ argument describes the version of the hooks API
+ supported by the
+ \fBsudo\fR
+ front end.
+ .sp
+ The
+ \fBregister_hook\fR()
+ function should be used to register any supported
+ hooks the plugin needs.
+ It returns 0 on success, 1 if the hook type is not supported and \-1
+ if the major version in
+ \fRstruct hook\fR
+ does not match the front end's major hook API version.
+ .sp
+ See the
+ \fIHook function API\fR
+ section below for more information
+ about hooks.
+ .sp
+ NOTE: the
+ \fBregister_hooks\fR()
+ function is only available starting
+ with API version 1.2.
+ If the
+ \fBsudo\fR
+ front end doesn't support API
+ version 1.2 or higher,
+ \fRregister_hooks\fR
+ will not be called.
+ .RE
+ .TP 6n
+ deregister_hooks
+ .nf
+ .RS 6n
+ void (*deregister_hooks)(int version,
+    int (*deregister_hook)(struct sudo_hook *hook));
+ .RE
+ .fi
+ .RS 6n
+ .sp
+ The
+ \fBderegister_hooks\fR()
+ function is called by the sudo front end
+ to deregister any hooks the plugin has registered.
+ If the plugin does not support hooks,
+ \fRderegister_hooks\fR
+ should be set to the
+ \fRNULL\fR
+ pointer.
+ .sp
+ The
+ \fIversion\fR
+ argument describes the version of the hooks API
+ supported by the
+ \fBsudo\fR
+ front end.
+ .sp
+ The
+ \fBderegister_hook\fR()
+ function should be used to deregister any
+ hooks that were put in place by the
+ \fBregister_hook\fR()
+ function.
+ If the plugin tries to deregister a hook that the front end does not support,
+ \fRderegister_hook\fR
+ will return an error.
+ .sp
+ See the
+ \fIHook function API\fR
+ section below for more information
+ about hooks.
+ .sp
+ NOTE: the
+ \fBderegister_hooks\fR()
+ function is only available starting
+ with API version 1.2.
+ If the
+ \fBsudo\fR
+ front end doesn't support API
+ version 1.2 or higher,
+ \fRderegister_hooks\fR
+ will not be called.
+ .RE
  .PP
-\fIVersion macros\fR
+\fIPolicy Plugin Version Macros\fR
-.IX Subsection "Version macros"
+.nf
+.sp
+.RS 0n
+/* Plugin API version major/minor. */
+#define SUDO_API_VERSION_MAJOR 1
+#define SUDO_API_VERSION_MINOR 2
+#define SUDO_API_MKVERSION(x, y) ((x << 16) | y)
+#define SUDO_API_VERSION SUDO_API_MKVERSION(SUDO_API_VERSION_MAJOR,\e
+                                            SUDO_API_VERSION_MINOR)
+/* Getters and setters for API version */
+#define SUDO_API_VERSION_GET_MAJOR(v) ((v) >> 16)
+#define SUDO_API_VERSION_GET_MINOR(v) ((v) & 0xffff)
+#define SUDO_API_VERSION_SET_MAJOR(vp, n) do { \e
+    *(vp) = (*(vp) & 0x0000ffff) | ((n) << 16); \e
+} while(0)
+#define SUDO_VERSION_SET_MINOR(vp, n) do { \e
+    *(vp) = (*(vp) & 0xffff0000) | (n); \e
+} while(0)
+.RE
+.fi
+.SS "I/O plugin API"
+.nf
+.RS 0n
+struct io_plugin {
+#define SUDO_IO_PLUGIN 2
+    unsigned int type; /* always SUDO_IO_PLUGIN */
+    unsigned int version; /* always SUDO_API_VERSION */
+    int (*open)(unsigned int version, sudo_conv_t conversation,
+                sudo_printf_t plugin_printf, char * const settings[],
+                char * const user_info[], char * const command_info[],
+                int argc, char * const argv[], char * const user_env[],
+                char * const plugin_options[]);
+    void (*close)(int exit_status, int error); /* wait status or error */
+    int (*show_version)(int verbose);
+    int (*log_ttyin)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
+    int (*log_ttyout)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
+    int (*log_stdin)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
+    int (*log_stdout)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
+    int (*log_stderr)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
+    void (*register_hooks)(int version,
+       int (*register_hook)(struct sudo_hook *hook));
+    void (*deregister_hooks)(int version,
+       int (*deregister_hook)(struct sudo_hook *hook));
+};
+.RE
+.fi
  .PP
-.Vb 8
+When an I/O plugin is loaded,
-\& #define SUDO_API_VERSION_GET_MAJOR(v) ((v) >> 16)
+\fBsudo\fR
-\& #define SUDO_API_VERSION_GET_MINOR(v) ((v) & 0xffff)
+runs the command in a pseudo-tty.
-\& #define SUDO_API_VERSION_SET_MAJOR(vp, n) do { \e
-\&     *(vp) = (*(vp) & 0x0000ffff) | ((n) << 16); \e
-\& } while(0)
-\& #define SUDO_VERSION_SET_MINOR(vp, n) do { \e
-\&     *(vp) = (*(vp) & 0xffff0000) | (n); \e
-\& } while(0)
-\&
-\& #define SUDO_API_VERSION_MAJOR 1
-\& #define SUDO_API_VERSION_MINOR 0
-\& #define SUDO_API_VERSION ((SUDO_API_VERSION_MAJOR << 16) | \e
-\&                           SUDO_API_VERSION_MINOR)
-.Ve
-.SS "I/O Plugin \s-1API\s0"
-.IX Subsection "I/O Plugin API"
-.Vb 10
-\& struct io_plugin {
-\& #define SUDO_IO_PLUGIN         2
-\&     unsigned int type; /* always SUDO_IO_PLUGIN */
-\&     unsigned int version; /* always SUDO_API_VERSION */
-\&     int (*open)(unsigned int version, sudo_conv_t conversation
-\&                 sudo_printf_t plugin_printf, char * const settings[],
-\&                 char * const user_info[], int argc, char * const argv[],
-\&                 char * const user_env[]);
-\&     void (*close)(int exit_status, int error); /* wait status or error */
-\&     int (*show_version)(int verbose);
-\&     int (*log_ttyin)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
-\&     int (*log_ttyout)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
-\&     int (*log_stdin)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
-\&     int (*log_stdout)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
-\&     int (*log_stderr)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
-\& };
-.Ve
-.PP
-When an I/O plugin is loaded, \fBsudo\fR runs the command in a pseudo-tty.
  This makes it possible to log the input and output from the user's
-session.  If any of the standard input, standard output or standard
+session.
-error do not correspond to a tty, \fBsudo\fR will open a pipe to capture
+If any of the standard input, standard output or standard error do not
+correspond to a tty,
+\fBsudo\fR
+will open a pipe to capture
  the I/O for logging before passing it on.
  .PP
  The log_ttyin function receives the raw user input from the terminal
  device (note that this will include input even when echo is disabled,
-such as when a password is read). The log_ttyout function receives
+such as when a password is read).
-output from the pseudo-tty that is suitable for replaying the user's
+The log_ttyout function receives output from the pseudo-tty that is
-session at a later time.  The log_stdin, log_stdout and log_stderr
+suitable for replaying the user's session at a later time.
+The
+\fBlog_stdin\fR(),
+\fBlog_stdout\fR()
+and
+\fBlog_stderr\fR()
  functions are only called if the standard input, standard output
  or standard error respectively correspond to something other than
  a tty.
  .PP
-Any of the logging functions may be set to the \s-1NULL\s0
+Any of the logging functions may be set to the
-pointer if no logging is to be performed.  If the open function
+\fRNULL\fR
-returns \f(CW0\fR, no I/O will be sent to the plugin.
+pointer if no logging is to be performed.
+If the open function returns 0, no I/O will be sent to the plugin.
  .PP
  The io_plugin struct has the following fields:
-.IP "type" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "type"
+type
-The \f(CW\*(C`type\*(C'\fR field should always be set to \s-1SUDO_IO_PLUGIN\s0
+The
-.IP "version" 4
+\fRtype\fR
-.IX Item "version"
+field should always be set to
-The \f(CW\*(C`version\*(C'\fR field should be set to \s-1SUDO_API_VERSION\s0.
+\fRSUDO_IO_PLUGIN\fR.
-.Sp
+.TP 6n
-This allows \fBsudo\fR to determine the \s-1API\s0 version the plugin was
+version
+The
+\fRversion\fR
+field should be set to
+\fRSUDO_API_VERSION\fR.
+.sp
+This allows
+\fBsudo\fR
+to determine the API version the plugin was
  built against.
-.IP "open" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "open"
+open
-.Vb 4
+.nf
-\& int (*open)(unsigned int version, sudo_conv_t conversation
+.RS 6n
-\&             sudo_printf_t plugin_printf, char * const settings[],
+int (*open)(unsigned int version, sudo_conv_t conversation,
-\&             char * const user_info[], int argc, char * const argv[],
+            sudo_printf_t plugin_printf, char * const settings[],
-\&             char * const user_env[]);
+            char * const user_info[], int argc, char * const argv[],
-.Ve
+            char * const user_env[], char * const plugin_options[]);
-.Sp
+.RE
-The \fIopen\fR function is run before the \fIlog_input\fR, \fIlog_output\fR
+.fi
-or \fIshow_version\fR functions are called.  It is only called if the
+.RS 6n
-version is being requested or the \fIcheck_policy\fR function has
+.sp
-returned successfully.  It returns 1 on success, 0 on failure, \-1
+The
-if a general error occurred, or \-2 if there was a usage error.  In
+\fBopen\fR()
-the latter case, \fBsudo\fR will print a usage message before it exits.
+function is run before the
-If an error occurs, the plugin may optionally call the conversation
+\fBlog_input\fR(),
-or plugin_printf function with \f(CW\*(C`SUDO_CONF_ERROR_MSG\*(C'\fR to present
+\fBlog_output\fR()
+or
+\fBshow_version\fR()
+functions are called.
+It is only called if the version is being requested or the
+\fBcheck_policy\fR()
+function has
+returned successfully.
+It returns 1 on success, 0 on failure, \-1 if a general error occurred,
+or \-2 if there was a usage error.
+In the latter case,
+\fBsudo\fR
+will print a usage message before it exits.
+If an error occurs, the plugin may optionally call the
+\fBconversation\fR()
+or
+\fBplugin_printf\fR()
+function with
+\fRSUDO_CONF_ERROR_MSG\fR
+to present
  additional error information to the user.
-.Sp
+.sp
  The function arguments are as follows:
-.RS 4
+.TP 6n
-.IP "version" 4
+version
-.IX Item "version"
+The version passed in by
-The version passed in by \fBsudo\fR allows the plugin to determine the
+\fBsudo\fR
-major and minor version number of the plugin \s-1API\s0 supported by
+allows the plugin to determine the
-\&\fBsudo\fR.
+major and minor version number of the plugin API supported by
-.IP "conversation" 4
+\fBsudo\fR.
-.IX Item "conversation"
+.TP 6n
-A pointer to the conversation function that may be used by the
+conversation
-\&\fIshow_version\fR function to display version information (see
+A pointer to the
-show_version below).  The conversation function may also be used
+\fBconversation\fR()
-to display additional error message to the user.
+function that may be used by the
-The conversation function returns 0 on success and \-1 on failure.
+\fBshow_version\fR()
-.IP "plugin_printf" 4
+function to display version information (see
-.IX Item "plugin_printf"
+\fBshow_version\fR()
-A pointer to a printf-style function that may be used by the
+below).
-\&\fIshow_version\fR function to display version information (see
+The
-show_version below).  The plugin_printf function may also be used
+\fBconversation\fR()
-to display additional error message to the user.
+function may also be used to display additional error message to the user.
-The plugin_printf function returns number of characters printed on
+The
-success and \-1 on failure.
+\fBconversation\fR()
-.IP "settings" 4
+function returns 0 on success and \-1 on failure.
-.IX Item "settings"
+.TP 6n
-A vector of user-supplied \fBsudo\fR settings in the form of \*(L"name=value\*(R"
+plugin_printf
-strings.  The vector is terminated by a \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR pointer.  These
+A pointer to a
-settings correspond to flags the user specified when running \fBsudo\fR.
+\fBprintf\fR()-style
+function that may be used by the
+\fBshow_version\fR()
+function to display version information (see
+show_version below).
+The
+\fBplugin_printf\fR()
+function may also be used to display additional error message to the user.
+The
+\fBplugin_printf\fR()
+function returns number of characters printed on success and \-1 on failure.
+.TP 6n
+settings
+A vector of user-supplied
+\fBsudo\fR
+settings in the form of
+\(lqname=value\(rq
+strings.
+The vector is terminated by a
+\fRNULL\fR
+pointer.
+These settings correspond to flags the user specified when running
+\fBsudo\fR.
  As such, they will only be present when the corresponding flag has
  been specified on the command line.
-.Sp
+.sp
-When parsing \fIsettings\fR, the plugin should split on the \fBfirst\fR
+When parsing
-equal sign ('=') since the \fIname\fR field will never include one
+\fIsettings\fR,
-itself but the \fIvalue\fR might.
+the plugin should split on the
-.Sp
+\fBfirst\fR
-See the \*(L"Policy Plugin \s-1API\s0\*(R" section for a list of all possible settings.
+equal sign
-.IP "user_info" 4
+(\(oq=\(cq)
-.IX Item "user_info"
+since the
+\fIname\fR
+field will never include one
+itself but the
+\fIvalue\fR
+might.
+.sp
+See the
+\fIPolicy plugin API\fR
+section for a list of all possible settings.
+.TP 6n
+user_info
  A vector of information about the user running the command in the form of
-\&\*(L"name=value\*(R" strings.  The vector is terminated by a \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR pointer.
+\(lqname=value\(rq
-.Sp
+strings.
-When parsing \fIuser_info\fR, the plugin should split on the \fBfirst\fR
+The vector is terminated by a
-equal sign ('=') since the \fIname\fR field will never include one
+\fRNULL\fR
-itself but the \fIvalue\fR might.
-.Sp
-See the \*(L"Policy Plugin \s-1API\s0\*(R" section for a list of all possible strings.
-.IP "argc" 4
-.IX Item "argc"
-The number of elements in \fIargv\fR, not counting the final \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR
  pointer.
-.IP "argv" 4
+.sp
-.IX Item "argv"
+When parsing
-If non\-\f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR, an argument vector describing a command the user
+\fIuser_info\fR,
+the plugin should split on the
+\fBfirst\fR
+equal sign
+(\(oq=\(cq)
+since the
+\fIname\fR
+field will never include one
+itself but the
+\fIvalue\fR
+might.
+.sp
+See the
+\fIPolicy plugin API\fR
+section for a list of all possible strings.
+.TP 6n
+argc
+The number of elements in
+\fIargv\fR,
+not counting the final
+\fRNULL\fR
+pointer.
+.TP 6n
+argv
+If
+non-\fRNULL\fR,
+an argument vector describing a command the user
  wishes to run in the same form as what would be passed to the
-\&\fIexecve()\fR system call.
+execve(2)
-.IP "user_env" 4
+system call.
-.IX Item "user_env"
+.TP 6n
-The user's environment in the form of a \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR\-terminated vector of
+user_env
-\&\*(L"name=value\*(R" strings.
+The user's environment in the form of a
-.Sp
+\fRNULL\fR-terminated
-When parsing \fIuser_env\fR, the plugin should split on the \fBfirst\fR
+vector of
-equal sign ('=') since the \fIname\fR field will never include one
+\(lqname=value\(rq
-itself but the \fIvalue\fR might.
+strings.
+.sp
+When parsing
+\fIuser_env\fR,
+the plugin should split on the
+\fBfirst\fR
+equal sign
+(\(oq=\(cq)
+since the
+\fIname\fR
+field will never include one
+itself but the
+\fIvalue\fR
+might.
+.TP 6n
+plugin_options
+Any (non-comment) strings immediately after the plugin path are
+treated as arguments to the plugin.
+These arguments are split on a white space boundary and are passed to
+the plugin in the form of a
+\fRNULL\fR-terminated
+array of strings.
+If no arguments were specified,
+\fIplugin_options\fR
+will be the
+\fRNULL\fR
+pointer.
+.sp
+NOTE: the
+\fIplugin_options\fR
+parameter is only available starting with
+API version 1.2.
+A plugin
+\fBmust\fR
+check the API version specified
+by the
+\fBsudo\fR
+front end before using
+\fIplugin_options\fR.
+Failure to do so may result in a crash.
+.PD 0
+.PP
  .RE
-.RS 4
+.PD
+.TP 6n
+close
+.br
+.nf
+.RS 6n
+void (*close)(int exit_status, int error);
  .RE
-.IP "close" 4
+.fi
-.IX Item "close"
+.RS 6n
-.Vb 1
+.sp
-\& void (*close)(int exit_status, int error);
+The
-.Ve
+\fBclose\fR()
-.Sp
+function is called when the command being run by
-The \f(CW\*(C`close\*(C'\fR function is called when the command being run by \fBsudo\fR
+\fBsudo\fR
  finishes.
-.Sp
+.sp
  The function arguments are as follows:
-.RS 4
+.TP 6n
-.IP "exit_status" 4
+exit_status
-.IX Item "exit_status"
+The command's exit status, as returned by the
-The command's exit status, as returned by the \fIwait\fR\|(2) system call.
+wait(2)
-The value of \f(CW\*(C`exit_status\*(C'\fR is undefined if \f(CW\*(C`error\*(C'\fR is non-zero.
+system call.
-.IP "error" 4
+The value of
-.IX Item "error"
+\fRexit_status\fR
+is undefined if
+\fRerror\fR
+is non-zero.
+.TP 6n
+error
+.br
  If the command could not be executed, this is set to the value of
-\&\f(CW\*(C`errno\*(C'\fR set by the \fIexecve\fR\|(2) system call.  If the command was
+\fRerrno\fR
-successfully executed, the value of \f(CW\*(C`error\*(C'\fR is 0.
+set by the
+execve(2)
+system call.
+If the command was successfully executed, the value of
+\fRerror\fR
+is 0.
+.PD 0
+.PP
  .RE
-.RS 4
+.PD
+.TP 6n
+show_version
+.nf
+.RS 6n
+int (*show_version)(int verbose);
  .RE
-.IP "show_version" 4
+.fi
-.IX Item "show_version"
+.RS 6n
-.Vb 1
+.sp
-\& int (*show_version)(int verbose);
+The
-.Ve
+\fBshow_version\fR()
-.Sp
+function is called by
-The \f(CW\*(C`show_version\*(C'\fR function is called by \fBsudo\fR when the user specifies
+\fBsudo\fR
-the \f(CW\*(C`\-V\*(C'\fR option.  The plugin may display its version information
+when the user specifies
-to the user via the conversation or plugin_printf function using
+the
-\&\f(CW\*(C`SUDO_CONV_INFO_MSG\*(C'\fR.  If the user requests detailed version
+\fB\-V\fR
-information, the verbose flag will be set.
+option.
-.IP "log_ttyin" 4
+The plugin may display its version information to the user via the
-.IX Item "log_ttyin"
+\fBconversation\fR()
-.Vb 1
+or
-\& int (*log_ttyin)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
+\fBplugin_printf\fR()
-.Ve
+function using
-.Sp
+\fRSUDO_CONV_INFO_MSG\fR.
-The \fIlog_ttyin\fR function is called whenever data can be read from
+If the user requests detailed version information, the verbose flag will be set.
-the user but before it is passed to the running command.  This
+.RE
-allows the plugin to reject data if it chooses to (for instance
+.TP 6n
-if the input contains banned content).  Returns \f(CW1\fR if the data
+log_ttyin
-should be passed to the command, \f(CW0\fR if the data is rejected
+.nf
-(which will terminate the command) or \f(CW\*(C`\-1\*(C'\fR if an error occurred.
+.RS 6n
-.Sp
+int (*log_ttyin)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
+.RE
+.fi
+.RS 6n
+.sp
+The
+\fBlog_ttyin\fR()
+function is called whenever data can be read from
+the user but before it is passed to the running command.
+This allows the plugin to reject data if it chooses to (for instance
+if the input contains banned content).
+Returns 1 if the data should be passed to the command, 0 if the data
+is rejected (which will terminate the command) or \-1 if an error occurred.
+.sp
  The function arguments are as follows:
-.RS 4
+.TP 6n
-.IP "buf" 4
+buf
-.IX Item "buf"
  The buffer containing user input.
-.IP "len" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "len"
+len
-The length of \fIbuf\fR in bytes.
+The length of
+\fIbuf\fR
+in bytes.
+.PD 0
+.PP
  .RE
-.RS 4
+.PD
+.TP 6n
+log_ttyout
+.nf
+.RS 6n
+int (*log_ttyout)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
  .RE
-.IP "log_ttyout" 4
+.fi
-.IX Item "log_ttyout"
+.RS 6n
-.Vb 1
+.sp
-\& int (*log_ttyout)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
+The
-.Ve
+\fBlog_ttyout\fR()
-.Sp
+function is called whenever data can be read from
-The \fIlog_ttyout\fR function is called whenever data can be read from
+the command but before it is written to the user's terminal.
-the command but before it is written to the user's terminal.  This
+This allows the plugin to reject data if it chooses to (for instance
-allows the plugin to reject data if it chooses to (for instance
+if the output contains banned content).
-if the output contains banned content).  Returns \f(CW1\fR if the data
+Returns 1 if the data should be passed to the user, 0 if the data is rejected
-should be passed to the user, \f(CW0\fR if the data is rejected
+(which will terminate the command) or \-1 if an error occurred.
-(which will terminate the command) or \f(CW\*(C`\-1\*(C'\fR if an error occurred.
+.sp
-.Sp
  The function arguments are as follows:
-.RS 4
+.TP 6n
-.IP "buf" 4
+buf
-.IX Item "buf"
  The buffer containing command output.
-.IP "len" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "len"
+len
-The length of \fIbuf\fR in bytes.
+The length of
+\fIbuf\fR
+in bytes.
+.PD 0
+.PP
  .RE
-.RS 4
+.PD
+.TP 6n
+log_stdin
+.nf
+.RS 6n
+int (*log_stdin)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
  .RE
-.IP "log_stdin" 4
+.fi
-.IX Item "log_stdin"
+.RS 6n
-.Vb 1
+.sp
-\& int (*log_stdin)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
+The
-.Ve
+\fBlog_stdin\fR()
-.Sp
+function is only used if the standard input does
-The \fIlog_stdin\fR function is only used if the standard input does
+not correspond to a tty device.
-not correspond to a tty device.  It is called whenever data can be
+It is called whenever data can be read from the standard input but
-read from the standard input but before it is passed to the running
+before it is passed to the running command.
-command.  This allows the plugin to reject data if it chooses to
+This allows the plugin to reject data if it chooses to
-(for instance if the input contains banned content).  Returns \f(CW1\fR
+(for instance if the input contains banned content).
-if the data should be passed to the command, \f(CW0\fR if the data is
+Returns 1 if the data should be passed to the command, 0 if the data is
-rejected (which will terminate the command) or \f(CW\*(C`\-1\*(C'\fR if an error
+rejected (which will terminate the command) or \-1 if an error occurred.
-occurred.
+.sp
-.Sp
  The function arguments are as follows:
-.RS 4
+.TP 6n
-.IP "buf" 4
+buf
-.IX Item "buf"
  The buffer containing user input.
-.IP "len" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "len"
+len
-The length of \fIbuf\fR in bytes.
+The length of
+\fIbuf\fR
+in bytes.
+.PD 0
+.PP
  .RE
-.RS 4
+.PD
+.TP 6n
+log_stdout
+.nf
+.RS 6n
+int (*log_stdout)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
  .RE
-.IP "log_stdout" 4
+.fi
-.IX Item "log_stdout"
+.RS 6n
-.Vb 1
+.sp
-\& int (*log_stdout)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
+The
-.Ve
+\fBlog_stdout\fR()
-.Sp
+function is only used if the standard output does not correspond
-The \fIlog_stdout\fR function is only used if the standard output does
+to a tty device.
-not correspond to a tty device.  It is called whenever data can be
+It is called whenever data can be read from the command but before
-read from the command but before it is written to the standard
+it is written to the standard output.
-output.  This allows the plugin to reject data if it chooses to
+This allows the plugin to reject data if it chooses to
-(for instance if the output contains banned content).  Returns \f(CW1\fR
+(for instance if the output contains banned content).
-if the data should be passed to the user, \f(CW0\fR if the data is
+Returns 1 if the data should be passed to the user, 0 if the data is
-rejected (which will terminate the command) or \f(CW\*(C`\-1\*(C'\fR if an error
+rejected (which will terminate the command) or \-1 if an error occurred.
-occurred.
+.sp
-.Sp
  The function arguments are as follows:
-.RS 4
+.TP 6n
-.IP "buf" 4
+buf
-.IX Item "buf"
  The buffer containing command output.
-.IP "len" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "len"
+len
-The length of \fIbuf\fR in bytes.
+The length of
+\fIbuf\fR
+in bytes.
+.PD 0
+.PP
  .RE
-.RS 4
+.PD
+.TP 6n
+log_stderr
+.nf
+.RS 6n
+int (*log_stderr)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
  .RE
-.IP "log_stderr" 4
+.fi
-.IX Item "log_stderr"
+.RS 6n
-.Vb 1
+.sp
-\& int (*log_stderr)(const char *buf, unsigned int len);
+The
-.Ve
+\fBlog_stderr\fR()
-.Sp
+function is only used if the standard error does
-The \fIlog_stderr\fR function is only used if the standard error does
+not correspond to a tty device.
-not correspond to a tty device.  It is called whenever data can be
+It is called whenever data can be read from the command but before it
-read from the command but before it is written to the standard
+is written to the standard error.
-error.  This allows the plugin to reject data if it chooses to
+This allows the plugin to reject data if it chooses to
-(for instance if the output contains banned content).  Returns \f(CW1\fR
+(for instance if the output contains banned content).
-if the data should be passed to the user, \f(CW0\fR if the data is
+Returns 1 if the data should be passed to the user, 0 if the data is
-rejected (which will terminate the command) or \f(CW\*(C`\-1\*(C'\fR if an error
+rejected (which will terminate the command) or \-1 if an error occurred.
-occurred.
+.sp
-.Sp
  The function arguments are as follows:
-.RS 4
+.TP 6n
-.IP "buf" 4
+buf
-.IX Item "buf"
  The buffer containing command output.
-.IP "len" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "len"
+len
-The length of \fIbuf\fR in bytes.
+The length of
+\fIbuf\fR
+in bytes.
+.PD 0
+.PP
  .RE
-.RS 4
+.PD
+.TP 6n
+register_hooks
+See the
+\fIPolicy plugin API\fR
+section for a description of
+\fRregister_hooks\fR.
+.TP 6n
+deregister_hooks
+See the
+\fIPolicy plugin API\fR
+section for a description of
+\fRderegister_hooks.\fR
+.PP
+\fII/O Plugin Version Macros\fR
+.PP
+Same as for the
+\fIPolicy plugin API\fR.
+.SS "Signal handlers"
+The
+\fBsudo\fR
+front end installs default signal handlers to trap common signals
+while the plugin functions are run.
+The following signals are trapped by default before the command is
+executed:
+.TP 4n
+\fBo\fR
+\fRSIGALRM\fR
+.PD 0
+.TP 4n
+\fBo\fR
+\fRSIGHUP\fR
+.TP 4n
+\fBo\fR
+\fRSIGINT\fR
+.TP 4n
+\fBo\fR
+\fRSIGQUIT\fR
+.TP 4n
+\fBo\fR
+\fRSIGTERM\fR
+.TP 4n
+\fBo\fR
+\fRSIGTSTP\fR
+.TP 4n
+\fBo\fR
+\fRSIGUSR1\fR
+.TP 4n
+\fBo\fR
+\fRSIGUSR2\fR
+.PD
+.PP
+If a fatal signal is received before the command is executed,
+\fBsudo\fR
+will call the plugin's
+\fBclose\fR()
+function with an exit status of 128 plus the value of the signal
+that was received.
+This allows for consistent logging of commands killed by a signal
+for plugins that log such information in their
+\fBclose\fR()
+function.
+.PP
+A plugin may temporarily install its own signal handlers but must
+restore the original handler before the plugin function returns.
+.SS "Hook function API"
+Beginning with plugin API version 1.2, it is possible to install
+hooks for certain functions called by the
+\fBsudo\fR
+front end.
+.PP
+Currently, the only supported hooks relate to the handling of
+environment variables.
+Hooks can be used to intercept attempts to get, set, or remove
+environment variables so that these changes can be reflected in
+the version of the environment that is used to execute a command.
+A future version of the API will support hooking internal
+\fBsudo\fR
+front end functions as well.
+.PP
+\fIHook structure\fR
+.PP
+Hooks in
+\fBsudo\fR
+are described by the following structure:
+.nf
+.sp
+.RS 0n
+typedef int (*sudo_hook_fn_t)();
+struct sudo_hook {
+    int hook_version;
+    int hook_type;
+    sudo_hook_fn_t hook_fn;
+    void *closure;
+};
  .RE
+ .fi
  .PP
-\fIVersion macros\fR
+The
-.IX Subsection "Version macros"
+\fRsudo_hook\fR
+structure has the following fields:
+.TP 6n
+hook_version
+The
+\fRhook_version\fR
+field should be set to
+\fRSUDO_HOOK_VERSION\fR.
+.TP 6n
+hook_type
+The
+\fRhook_type\fR
+field may be one of the following supported hook types:
  .PP
-Same as for the \*(L"Policy Plugin \s-1API\s0\*(R".
+.RS 6n
-.SS "Conversation \s-1API\s0"
+.PD 0
-.IX Subsection "Conversation API"
+.TP 6n
-If the plugin needs to interact with the user, it may do so via the
+\fRSUDO_HOOK_SETENV\fR
-conversation function.  A plugin should not attempt to read directly
+The C library
-from the standard input or the user's tty (neither of which are
+setenv(3)
-guaranteed to exist).  The caller must include a trailing newline
+function.
-in \f(CW\*(C`msg\*(C'\fR if one is to be printed.
+Any registered hooks will run before the C library implementation.
+The
+\fRhook_fn\fR
+field should
+be a function that matches the following typedef:
+.nf
+.sp
+.RS 6n
+typedef int (*sudo_hook_fn_setenv_t)(const char *name,
+   const char *value, int overwrite, void *closure);
+.RE
+.fi
+.RS 6n
+.sp
+If the registered hook does not match the typedef the results are
+unspecified.
+.RE
+.PD
+.TP 6n
+\fRSUDO_HOOK_UNSETENV\fR
+The C library
+unsetenv(3)
+function.
+Any registered hooks will run before the C library implementation.
+The
+\fRhook_fn\fR
+field should
+be a function that matches the following typedef:
+.nf
+.sp
+.RS 6n
+typedef int (*sudo_hook_fn_unsetenv_t)(const char *name,
+   void *closure);
+.RE
+.fi
+.TP 6n
+\fRSUDO_HOOK_GETENV\fR
+The C library
+getenv(3)
+function.
+Any registered hooks will run before the C library implementation.
+The
+\fRhook_fn\fR
+field should
+be a function that matches the following typedef:
+.nf
+.sp
+.RS 6n
+typedef int (*sudo_hook_fn_getenv_t)(const char *name,
+   char **value, void *closure);
+.RE
+.fi
+.RS 6n
+.sp
+If the registered hook does not match the typedef the results are
+unspecified.
+.RE
+.TP 6n
+\fRSUDO_HOOK_PUTENV\fR
+The C library
+putenv(3)
+function.
+Any registered hooks will run before the C library implementation.
+The
+\fRhook_fn\fR
+field should
+be a function that matches the following typedef:
+.nf
+.sp
+.RS 6n
+typedef int (*sudo_hook_fn_putenv_t)(char *string,
+   void *closure);
+.RE
+.fi
+.RS 6n
+.sp
+If the registered hook does not match the typedef the results are
+unspecified.
+.RE
+.PD 0
  .PP
-A printf-style function is also available that can be used to display
+.RE
-informational or error messages to the user, which is usually more
+.PD
-convenient for simple messages where no use input is required.
+.TP 6n
+hook_fn
+sudo_hook_fn_t hook_fn;
+.sp
+The
+\fRhook_fn\fR
+field should be set to the plugin's hook implementation.
+The actual function arguments will vary depending on the
+\fRhook_type\fR
+(see
+\fRhook_type\fR
+above).
+In all cases, the
+\fRclosure\fR
+field of
+\fRstruct sudo_hook\fR
+is passed as the last function parameter.
+This can be used to pass arbitrary data to the plugin's hook implementation.
+.sp
+The function return value may be one of the following:
  .PP
-.Vb 11
+.RS 6n
-\& struct sudo_conv_message {
+.PD 0
-\& #define SUDO_CONV_PROMPT_ECHO_OFF  0x0001 /* do not echo user input */
+.TP 6n
-\& #define SUDO_CONV_PROMPT_ECHO_ON   0x0002 /* echo user input */
+\fRSUDO_HOOK_RET_ERROR\fR
-\& #define SUDO_CONV_ERROR_MSG        0x0003 /* error message */
+The hook function encountered an error.
-\& #define SUDO_CONV_INFO_MSG         0x0004 /* informational message */
+.PD
-\& #define SUDO_CONV_PROMPT_MASK      0x0005 /* mask user input */
+.TP 6n
-\& #define SUDO_CONV_PROMPT_ECHO_OK   0x1000 /* flag: allow echo if no tty */
+\fRSUDO_HOOK_RET_NEXT\fR
-\&     int msg_type;
+The hook completed without error, go on to the next hook (including
-\&     int timeout;
+the native implementation if applicable).
-\&     const char *msg;
+For example, a
-\& };
+getenv(3)
-\&
+hook might return
-\& struct sudo_conv_reply {
+\fRSUDO_HOOK_RET_NEXT\fR
-\&     char *reply;
+if the specified variable was not found in the private copy of the environment.
-\& };
+.TP 6n
-\&
+\fRSUDO_HOOK_RET_STOP\fR
-\& typedef int (*sudo_conv_t)(int num_msgs,
+The hook completed without error, stop processing hooks for this invocation.
-\&              const struct sudo_conv_message msgs[],
+This can be used to replace the native implementation.
-\&              struct sudo_conv_reply replies[]);
+For example, a
-\&
+\fRsetenv\fR
-\& typedef int (*sudo_printf_t)(int msg_type, const char *fmt, ...);
+hook that operates on a private copy of
-.Ve
+the environment but leaves
+\fRenviron\fR
+unchanged.
+.PD 0
  .PP
-Pointers to the conversation and printf-style functions are passed
+.RE
-in to the plugin's \f(CW\*(C`open\*(C'\fR function when the plugin is initialized.
+.PD
  .PP
-To use the conversation function, the plugin must pass an array of
+Note that it is very easy to create an infinite loop when hooking
-\&\f(CW\*(C`sudo_conv_message\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`sudo_conv_reply\*(C'\fR structures.  There must
+C library functions.
-be a \f(CW\*(C`struct sudo_conv_message\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`struct sudo_conv_reply\*(C'\fR for
+For example, a
-each message in the conversation.  The plugin is responsible for
+getenv(3)
-freeing the reply buffer filled in to the \f(CW\*(C`struct sudo_conv_reply\*(C'\fR,
+hook that calls the
-if any.
+snprintf(3)
+function may create a loop if the
+snprintf(3)
+implementation calls
+getenv(3)
+to check the locale.
+To prevent this, you may wish to use a static variable in the hook
+function to guard against nested calls.
+For example:
+.nf
+.sp
+.RS 0n
+static int in_progress = 0; /* avoid recursion */
+if (in_progress)
+    return SUDO_HOOK_RET_NEXT;
+in_progress = 1;
+\&...
+in_progress = 0;
+return SUDO_HOOK_RET_STOP;
+.RE
+.fi
  .PP
-The printf-style function uses the same underlying mechanism as the
+\fIHook API Version Macros\fR
-conversation function but only supports \f(CW\*(C`SUDO_CONV_INFO_MSG\*(C'\fR and
+.nf
-\&\f(CW\*(C`SUDO_CONV_ERROR_MSG\*(C'\fR for the \fImsg_type\fR parameter.  It can be
+.sp
-more convenient than using the conversation function if no user
+.RS 0n
-reply is needed and supports standard \fIprintf()\fR escape sequences.
+/* Hook API version major/minor */
+#define SUDO_HOOK_VERSION_MAJOR 1
+#define SUDO_HOOK_VERSION_MINOR 0
+#define SUDO_HOOK_MKVERSION(x, y) ((x << 16) | y)
+#define SUDO_HOOK_VERSION SUDO_HOOK_MKVERSION(SUDO_HOOK_VERSION_MAJOR,\e
+                                              SUDO_HOOK_VERSION_MINOR)
+/* Getters and setters for hook API version */
+#define SUDO_HOOK_VERSION_GET_MAJOR(v) ((v) >> 16)
+#define SUDO_HOOK_VERSION_GET_MINOR(v) ((v) & 0xffff)
+#define SUDO_HOOK_VERSION_SET_MAJOR(vp, n) do { \e
+    *(vp) = (*(vp) & 0x0000ffff) | ((n) << 16); \e
+} while(0)
+#define SUDO_HOOK_VERSION_SET_MINOR(vp, n) do { \e
+    *(vp) = (*(vp) & 0xffff0000) | (n); \e
+} while(0)
+.RE
+.fi
+.SS "Remote command execution"
+The
+\fBsudo\fR
+front end does not have native support for running remote commands.
+However, starting with
+\fBsudo\fR
+.8.8, the
+\fB\-h\fR
+option may be used to specify a remote host that is passed
+to the policy plugin.
+A plugin may also accept a
+\fIrunas_user\fR
+in the form of
+\(lquser@hostname\(rq
+which will work with older versions of
+\fBsudo\fR.
+It is anticipated that remote commands will be supported by executing a
+\(lqhelper\(rq
+program.
+The policy plugin should setup the execution environment such that the
+\fBsudo\fR
+front end will run the helper which, in turn, will connect to the
+remote host and run the command.
  .PP
-See the sample plugin for an example of the conversation function usage.
+For example, the policy plugin could utilize
-.SS "Sudoers Group Plugin \s-1API\s0"
+\fBssh\fR
-.IX Subsection "Sudoers Group Plugin API"
+to perform remote command execution.
-The \fIsudoers\fR module supports a plugin interface to allow non-Unix
+The helper program would be responsible for running
-group lookups.  This can be used to query a group source other than
+\fBssh\fR
-the standard Unix group database.  A sample group plugin is bundled
+with the proper options to use a private key or certificate
-with \fBsudo\fR that implements file-based lookups.  Third party group
+that the remote host will accept and run a program
-plugins include a \s-1QAS\s0 \s-1AD\s0 plugin available from Quest Software.
+on the remote host that would setup the execution environment
+accordingly.
  .PP
-A group plugin must declare and populate a \f(CW\*(C`sudoers_group_plugin\*(C'\fR
+Note that remote
-struct in the global scope.  This structure contains pointers to
+\fBsudoedit\fR
-the functions that implement plugin initialization, cleanup and
+functionality must be handled by the policy plugin, not
-group lookup.
+\fBsudo\fR
+itself as the front end has no knowledge that a remote command is
+being executed.
+This may be addressed in a future revision of the plugin API.
+.SS "Conversation API"
+If the plugin needs to interact with the user, it may do so via the
+\fBconversation\fR()
+function.
+A plugin should not attempt to read directly from the standard input
+or the user's tty (neither of which are guaranteed to exist).
+The caller must include a trailing newline in
+\fRmsg\fR
+if one is to be printed.
  .PP
-.Vb 8
+A
-\& struct sudoers_group_plugin {
+\fBprintf\fR()-style
 function is also available that can be used to display informational
-\&    int (*init)(int version, sudo_printf_t sudo_printf,
+or error messages to the user, which is usually more convenient for
-\&                char *const argv[]);
+simple messages where no use input is required.
-\&    void (*cleanup)(void);
+.nf
-\&    int (*query)(const char *user, const char *group,
+.sp
-\&                 const struct passwd *pwd);
+.RS 0n
-\&};
+struct sudo_conv_message {
-.Ve
+#define SUDO_CONV_PROMPT_ECHO_OFF  0x0001 /* do not echo user input */
+#define SUDO_CONV_PROMPT_ECHO_ON   0x0002 /* echo user input */
+#define SUDO_CONV_ERROR_MSG        0x0003 /* error message */
+#define SUDO_CONV_INFO_MSG         0x0004 /* informational message */
+#define SUDO_CONV_PROMPT_MASK      0x0005 /* mask user input */
+#define SUDO_CONV_DEBUG_MSG        0x0006 /* debugging message */
+#define SUDO_CONV_PROMPT_ECHO_OK   0x1000 /* flag: allow echo if no tty */
+    int msg_type;
+    int timeout;
+    const char *msg;
+};
+#define SUDO_CONV_REPL_MAX      255
+struct sudo_conv_reply {
+    char *reply;
+};
+typedef int (*sudo_conv_t)(int num_msgs,
+             const struct sudo_conv_message msgs[],
+             struct sudo_conv_reply replies[]);
+typedef int (*sudo_printf_t)(int msg_type, const char *fmt, ...);
+.RE
+.fi
  .PP
-The \f(CW\*(C`sudoers_group_plugin\*(C'\fR struct has the following fields:
+Pointers to the
-.IP "version" 4
+\fBconversation\fR()
-.IX Item "version"
+and
-The \f(CW\*(C`version\*(C'\fR field should be set to \s-1GROUP_API_VERSION\s0.
+\fBprintf\fR()-style
-.Sp
+functions are passed
-This allows \fIsudoers\fR to determine the \s-1API\s0 version the group plugin
+in to the plugin's
+\fBopen\fR()
+function when the plugin is initialized.
+.PP
+To use the
+\fBconversation\fR()
+function, the plugin must pass an array of
+\fRsudo_conv_message\fR
+and
+\fRsudo_conv_reply\fR
+structures.
+There must be a
+\fRstruct sudo_conv_message\fR
+and
+\fRstruct sudo_conv_reply\fR
+for
+each message in the conversation.
+The plugin is responsible for freeing the reply buffer located in each
+\fRstruct sudo_conv_reply\fR,
+if it is not
+\fRNULL\fR.
+\fRSUDO_CONV_REPL_MAX\fR
+represents the maximum length of the reply buffer (not including
+the trailing NUL character).
+In practical terms, this is the longest password
+\fBsudo\fR
+will support.
+It is also useful as a maximum value for the
+\fBmemset_s\fR()
+function when clearing passwords filled in by the conversation function.
+.PP
+The
+\fBprintf\fR()-style
+function uses the same underlying mechanism as the
+\fBconversation\fR()
+function but only supports
+\fRSUDO_CONV_INFO_MSG\fR,
+\fRSUDO_CONV_ERROR_MSG\fR
+and
+\fRSUDO_CONV_DEBUG_MSG\fR
+for the
+\fImsg_type\fR
+parameter.
+It can be more convenient than using the
+\fBconversation\fR()
+function if no user reply is needed and supports standard
+\fBprintf\fR()
+escape sequences.
+.PP
+Unlike,
+\fRSUDO_CONV_INFO_MSG\fR
+and
+Dv SUDO_CONV_ERROR_MSG ,
+messages
+sent with the
+\fRSUDO_CONV_DEBUG_MSG\fR
+\fImsg_type\fR
+are not directly
+user-visible.
+Instead, they are logged to the file specified in the
+\fRDebug\fR
+statement (if any) in the
+sudo.conf(@mansectform@).
+file.
+This allows a plugin to log debugging information and is intended
+to be used in conjunction with the
+\fIdebug_flags\fR
+setting.
+.PP
+See the sample plugin for an example of the
+\fBconversation\fR()
+function usage.
+.SS "Sudoers group plugin API"
+The
+\fBsudoers\fR
+plugin supports its own plugin interface to allow non-Unix
+group lookups.
+This can be used to query a group source other than the standard Unix
+group database.
+Two sample group plugins are bundled with
+\fBsudo\fR,
+\fIgroup_file\fR
+and
+\fIsystem_group\fR,
+are detailed in
+sudoers(@mansectform@).
+Third party group plugins include a QAS AD plugin available from Quest Software.
+.PP
+A group plugin must declare and populate a
+\fRsudoers_group_plugin\fR
+struct in the global scope.
+This structure contains pointers to the functions that implement plugin
+initialization, cleanup and group lookup.
+.nf
+.sp
+.RS 0n
+struct sudoers_group_plugin {
+   unsigned int version;
+   int (*init)(int version, sudo_printf_t sudo_printf,
+               char *const argv[]);
+   void (*cleanup)(void);
+   int (*query)(const char *user, const char *group,
+                const struct passwd *pwd);
+};
+.RE
+.fi
+.PP
+The
+\fRsudoers_group_plugin\fR
+struct has the following fields:
+.TP 6n
+version
+The
+\fRversion\fR
+field should be set to GROUP_API_VERSION.
+.sp
+This allows
+\fBsudoers\fR
+to determine the API version the group plugin
  was built against.
-.IP "init" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "init"
+init
-.Vb 2
+.nf
-\& int (*init)(int version, sudo_printf_t plugin_printf,
+.RS 6n
-\&             char *const argv[]);
+int (*init)(int version, sudo_printf_t plugin_printf,
-.Ve
+            char *const argv[]);
-.Sp
+.RE
-The \fIinit\fR function is called after \fIsudoers\fR has been parsed but
+.fi
-before any policy checks.  It returns 1 on success, 0 on failure
+.RS 6n
-(or if the plugin is not configured), and \-1 if a error occurred.
+.sp
-If an error occurs, the plugin may call the plugin_printf function
+The
-with \f(CW\*(C`SUDO_CONF_ERROR_MSG\*(C'\fR to present additional error information
+\fBinit\fR()
+function is called after
+\fIsudoers\fR
+has been parsed but
+before any policy checks.
+It returns 1 on success, 0 on failure (or if the plugin is not configured),
+and \-1 if a error occurred.
+If an error occurs, the plugin may call the
+\fBplugin_printf\fR()
+function with
+\fRSUDO_CONF_ERROR_MSG\fR
+to present additional error information
  to the user.
-.Sp
+.sp
  The function arguments are as follows:
-.RS 4
+.TP 6n
-.IP "version" 4
+version
-.IX Item "version"
+The version passed in by
-The version passed in by \fIsudoers\fR allows the plugin to determine the
+\fBsudoers\fR
-major and minor version number of the group plugin \s-1API\s0 supported by
+allows the plugin to determine the
-\&\fIsudoers\fR.
+major and minor version number of the group plugin API supported by
-.IP "plugin_printf" 4
+\fBsudoers\fR.
-.IX Item "plugin_printf"
+.TP 6n
-A pointer to a printf-style function that may be used to display
+plugin_printf
-informational or error message to the user.
+A pointer to a
+\fBprintf\fR()-style
+function that may be used to display informational or error message to the user.
  Returns the number of characters printed on success and \-1 on failure.
-.IP "argv" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "argv"
+argv
 A NULL-terminated array of arguments generated from the \fIgroup_plugin\fR
-option in \fIsudoers\fR.  If no arguments were given, \fIargv\fR will be
+\fRNULL\fR-terminated
-\&\s-1NULL\s0.
+array of arguments generated from the
+\fIgroup_plugin\fR
+option in
+\fIsudoers\fR.
+If no arguments were given,
+\fIargv\fR
+will be
+\fRNULL\fR.
+.PD 0
+.PP
  .RE
-.RS 4
+.PD
+.TP 6n
+cleanup
+.nf
+.RS 6n
+void (*cleanup)();
  .RE
-.IP "cleanup" 4
+.fi
-.IX Item "cleanup"
+.RS 6n
-.Vb 1
+.sp
-\& void (*cleanup)();
+The
-.Ve
+\fBcleanup\fR()
-.Sp
+function is called when
-The \fIcleanup\fR function is called when \fIsudoers\fR has finished its
+\fBsudoers\fR
-group checks.  The plugin should free any memory it has allocated
+has finished its
-and close open file handles.
+group checks.
-.IP "query" 4
+The plugin should free any memory it has allocated and close open file handles.
-.IX Item "query"
+.RE
-.Vb 2
+.TP 6n
-\& int (*query)(const char *user, const char *group,
+query
-\&              const struct passwd *pwd);
+.br
-.Ve
+.nf
-.Sp
+.RS 6n
-The \fIquery\fR function is used to ask the group plugin whether \fIuser\fR
+int (*query)(const char *user, const char *group,
-is a member of \fIgroup\fR.
+             const struct passwd *pwd);
-.Sp
+.RE
+.fi
+.RS 6n
+.sp
+The
+\fBquery\fR()
+function is used to ask the group plugin whether
+\fIuser\fR
+is a member of
+\fIgroup\fR.
+.sp
  The function arguments are as follows:
-.RS 4
+.TP 6n
-.IP "user" 4
+user
-.IX Item "user"
  The name of the user being looked up in the external group database.
-.IP "group" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "group"
+group
+.br
  The name of the group being queried.
-.IP "pwd" 4
+.TP 6n
-.IX Item "pwd"
+pwd
-The password database entry for \fIuser\fR, if any.  If \fIuser\fR is not
+The password database entry for
-present in the password database, \fIpwd\fR will be \f(CW\*(C`NULL\*(C'\fR.
+\fIuser\fR,
+if any.
+If
+\fIuser\fR
+is not
+present in the password database,
+\fIpwd\fR
+will be
+\fRNULL\fR.
+.PD 0
+.PP
  .RE
-.RS 4
+.PD
-.RE
  .PP
-\fIVersion Macros\fR
+\fIGroup API Version Macros\fR
-.IX Subsection "Version Macros"
+.nf
-.PP
+.sp
-.Vb 5
+.RS 0n
-\& /* Sudoers group plugin version major/minor */
+/* Sudoers group plugin version major/minor */
-\& #define GROUP_API_VERSION_MAJOR 1
+#define GROUP_API_VERSION_MAJOR 1
-\& #define GROUP_API_VERSION_MINOR 0
+#define GROUP_API_VERSION_MINOR 0
-\& #define GROUP_API_VERSION ((GROUP_API_VERSION_MAJOR << 16) | \e
+#define GROUP_API_VERSION ((GROUP_API_VERSION_MAJOR << 16) | \e
-\&                            GROUP_API_VERSION_MINOR)
+                           GROUP_API_VERSION_MINOR)
-\&
-\& /* Getters and setters for group version */
+/* Getters and setters for group version */
-\& #define GROUP_API_VERSION_GET_MAJOR(v) ((v) >> 16)
+#define GROUP_API_VERSION_GET_MAJOR(v) ((v) >> 16)
-\& #define GROUP_API_VERSION_GET_MINOR(v) ((v) & 0xffff)
+#define GROUP_API_VERSION_GET_MINOR(v) ((v) & 0xffff)
-\& #define GROUP_API_VERSION_SET_MAJOR(vp, n) do { \e
+#define GROUP_API_VERSION_SET_MAJOR(vp, n) do { \e
-\&     *(vp) = (*(vp) & 0x0000ffff) | ((n) << 16); \e
+    *(vp) = (*(vp) & 0x0000ffff) | ((n) << 16); \e
-\& } while(0)
+} while(0)
-\& #define GROUP_API_VERSION_SET_MINOR(vp, n) do { \e
+#define GROUP_API_VERSION_SET_MINOR(vp, n) do { \e
-\&     *(vp) = (*(vp) & 0xffff0000) | (n); \e
+    *(vp) = (*(vp) & 0xffff0000) | (n); \e
-\& } while(0)
+} while(0)
-.Ve
+.RE
+.fi
+.SH "PLUGIN API CHANGELOG"
+The following revisions have been made to the Sudo Plugin API.
+.TP 6n
+Version 1.0
+Initial API version.
+.TP 6n
+Version 1.1 (sudo 1.8.0)
+The I/O logging plugin's
+\fBopen\fR()
+function was modified to take the
+\fRcommand_info\fR
+list as an argument.
+.TP 6n
+Version 1.2 (sudo 1.8.5)
+The Policy and I/O logging plugins'
+\fBopen\fR()
+functions are now passed
+a list of plugin parameters if any are specified in
+sudo.conf(@mansectform@).
+.sp
+A simple hooks API has been introduced to allow plugins to hook in to the
+system's environment handling functions.
+.sp
+The
+\fRinit_session\fR
+Policy plugin function is now passed a pointer
+to the user environment which can be updated as needed.
+This can be used to merge in environment variables stored in the PAM
+handle before a command is run.
+.TP 6n
+Version 1.3 (sudo 1.8.7)
+Support for the
+\fIexec_background\fR
+entry has been added to the
+\fRcommand_info\fR
+list.
+.sp
+The
+\fImax_groups\fR
+and
+\fIplugin_dir\fR
+entries were added to the
+\fRsettings\fR
+list.
+.sp
+The
+\fBversion\fR()
+and
+\fBclose\fR()
+functions are now optional.
+Previously, a missing
+\fBversion\fR()
+or
+\fBclose\fR()
+function would result in a crash.
+If no policy plugin
+\fBclose\fR()
+function is defined, a default
+\fBclose\fR()
+function will be provided by the
+\fBsudo\fR
+front end that displays a warning if the command could not be
+executed.
+.sp
+The
+\fBsudo\fR
+front end now installs default signal handlers to trap common signals
+while the plugin functions are run.
+.TP 6n
+Version 1.4 (sudo 1.8.8)
+The
+\fIremote_host\fR
+entry was added to the
+\fRsettings\fR
+list.
+.TP 6n
+Version 1.5 (sudo 1.8.9)
+The
+entry was added to the
+\fRcommand_info\fR
+list.
  .SH "SEE ALSO"
-.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
+sudo.conf(@mansectform@),
-\&\fIsudoers\fR\|(@mansectform@), \fIsudo\fR\|(@mansectsu@)
+sudoers(@mansectform@),
+sudo(@mansectsu@)
  .SH "BUGS"
-.IX Header "BUGS"
+If you feel you have found a bug in
-If you feel you have found a bug in \fBsudo\fR, please submit a bug report
+\fBsudo\fR,
-at http://www.sudo.ws/sudo/bugs/
+please submit a bug report at http://www.sudo.ws/sudo/bugs/
  .SH "SUPPORT"
-.IX Header "SUPPORT"
+Limited free support is available via the sudo-users mailing list,
-Limited free support is available via the sudo-workers mailing list,
+see http://www.sudo.ws/mailman/listinfo/sudo-users to subscribe or
-see http://www.sudo.ws/mailman/listinfo/sudo\-workers to subscribe or
  search the archives.
  .SH "DISCLAIMER"
-.IX Header "DISCLAIMER"
+\fBsudo\fR
-\&\fBsudo\fR is provided ``\s-1AS\s0 \s-1IS\s0'' and any express or implied warranties,
+is provided
-including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability
+\(lqAS IS\(rq
-and fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed.  See the \s-1LICENSE\s0
+and any express or implied warranties, including, but not limited
-file distributed with \fBsudo\fR or http://www.sudo.ws/sudo/license.html
+to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
-for complete details.
+particular purpose are disclaimed.
+See the LICENSE file distributed with
+\fBsudo\fR
+or http://www.sudo.ws/sudo/license.html for complete details.

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