File:  [ELWIX - Embedded LightWeight unIX -] / embedaddon / thttpd / thttpd.8
Revision 1.1.1.1 (vendor branch): download - view: text, annotated - select for diffs - revision graph
Tue Feb 21 17:21:13 2012 UTC (12 years, 3 months ago) by misho
Branches: thttpd, MAIN
CVS tags: v2_25b, HEAD
thttpd

    1: .TH thttpd 8 "29 February 2000"
    2: .SH NAME
    3: thttpd - tiny/turbo/throttling HTTP server
    4: .SH SYNOPSIS
    5: .B thttpd
    6: .RB [ -C
    7: .IR configfile ]
    8: .RB [ -p
    9: .IR port ]
   10: .RB [ -d
   11: .IR dir ]
   12: .RB [ -dd
   13: .IR data_dir ]
   14: .RB [ -r | -nor ]
   15: .RB [ -s | -nos ]
   16: .RB [ -v | -nov ]
   17: .RB [ -g | -nog ]
   18: .RB [ -u
   19: .IR user ]
   20: .RB [ -c
   21: .IR cgipat ]
   22: .RB [ -t
   23: .IR throttles ]
   24: .RB [ -h
   25: .IR host ]
   26: .RB [ -l
   27: .IR logfile ]
   28: .RB [ -i
   29: .IR pidfile ]
   30: .RB [ -T
   31: .IR charset ]
   32: .RB [ -P
   33: .IR P3P ]
   34: .RB [ -M
   35: .IR maxage ]
   36: .RB [ -V ]
   37: .RB [ -D ]
   38: .SH DESCRIPTION
   39: .PP
   40: .I thttpd
   41: is a simple, small, fast, and secure HTTP server.
   42: It doesn't have a lot of special features, but it suffices for most uses of
   43: the web, it's about as fast as the best full-featured servers (Apache, NCSA,
   44: Netscape),
   45: and it has one extremely useful feature (URL-traffic-based throttling)
   46: that no other server currently has.
   47: .SH OPTIONS
   48: .TP
   49: .B -C
   50: Specifies a config-file to read.
   51: All options can be set either by command-line flags or in the config file.
   52: See below for details.
   53: .TP
   54: .B -p
   55: Specifies an alternate port number to listen on.
   56: The default is 80.
   57: The config-file option name for this flag is "port",
   58: and the config.h option is DEFAULT_PORT.
   59: .TP
   60: .B -d
   61: Specifies a directory to chdir() to at startup.
   62: This is merely a convenience - you could just as easily
   63: do a cd in the shell script that invokes the program.
   64: The config-file option name for this flag is "dir",
   65: and the config.h options are WEBDIR, USE_USER_DIR.
   66: .TP
   67: .B -r
   68: Do a chroot() at initialization time, restricting file access
   69: to the program's current directory.
   70: If -r is the compiled-in default, then -nor disables it.
   71: See below for details.
   72: The config-file option names for this flag are "chroot" and "nochroot",
   73: and the config.h option is ALWAYS_CHROOT.
   74: .TP
   75: .B -dd
   76: Specifies a directory to chdir() to after chrooting.
   77: If you're not chrooting, you might as well do a single chdir() with
   78: the -d flag.
   79: If you are chrooting, this lets you put the web files in a subdirectory
   80: of the chroot tree, instead of in the top level mixed in with the
   81: chroot files.
   82: The config-file option name for this flag is "data_dir".
   83: .TP
   84: .B -nos
   85: Don't do explicit symbolic link checking.
   86: Normally, thttpd explicitly expands any symbolic links in filenames,
   87: to check that the resulting path stays within the original document tree.
   88: If you want to turn off this check and save some CPU time, you can use
   89: the -nos flag, however this is not recommended.
   90: Note, though, that if you are using the chroot option, the symlink
   91: checking is unnecessary and is turned off, so the safe way to save
   92: those CPU cycles is to use chroot.
   93: The config-file option names for this flag are "symlinkcheck" and "nosymlinkcheck".
   94: .TP
   95: .B -v
   96: Do el-cheapo virtual hosting.
   97: If -v is the compiled-in default, then -nov disables it.
   98: See below for details.
   99: The config-file option names for this flag are "vhost" and "novhost",
  100: and the config.h option is ALWAYS_VHOST.
  101: .TP
  102: .B -g
  103: Use a global passwd file.
  104: This means that every file in the entire document tree is protected by
  105: the single .htpasswd file at the top of the tree.
  106: Otherwise the semantics of the .htpasswd file are the same.
  107: If this option is set but there is no .htpasswd file in
  108: the top-level directory, then thttpd proceeds as if the option was
  109: not set - first looking for a local .htpasswd file, and if that doesn't
  110: exist either then serving the file without any password.
  111: If -g is the compiled-in default, then -nog disables it.
  112: The config-file option names for this flag are "globalpasswd" and
  113: "noglobalpasswd",
  114: and the config.h option is ALWAYS_GLOBAL_PASSWD.
  115: .TP
  116: .B -u
  117: Specifies what user to switch to after initialization when started as root.
  118: The default is "nobody".
  119: The config-file option name for this flag is "user",
  120: and the config.h option is DEFAULT_USER.
  121: .TP
  122: .B -c
  123: Specifies a wildcard pattern for CGI programs, for instance "**.cgi"
  124: or "/cgi-bin/*".
  125: See below for details.
  126: The config-file option name for this flag is "cgipat",
  127: and the config.h option is CGI_PATTERN.
  128: .TP
  129: .B -t
  130: Specifies a file of throttle settings.
  131: See below for details.
  132: The config-file option name for this flag is "throttles".
  133: .TP
  134: .B -h
  135: Specifies a hostname to bind to, for multihoming.
  136: The default is to bind to all hostnames supported on the local machine.
  137: See below for details.
  138: The config-file option name for this flag is "host",
  139: and the config.h option is SERVER_NAME.
  140: .TP
  141: .B -l
  142: Specifies a file for logging.
  143: If no -l argument is specified, thttpd logs via syslog().
  144: If "-l /dev/null" is specified, thttpd doesn't log at all.
  145: The config-file option name for this flag is "logfile".
  146: .TP
  147: .B -i
  148: Specifies a file to write the process-id to.
  149: If no file is specified, no process-id is written.
  150: You can use this file to send signals to thttpd.
  151: See below for details.
  152: The config-file option name for this flag is "pidfile".
  153: .TP
  154: .B -T
  155: Specifies the character set to use with text MIME types.
  156: The default is iso-8859-1.
  157: The config-file option name for this flag is "charset",
  158: and the config.h option is DEFAULT_CHARSET.
  159: .TP
  160: .B -P
  161: Specifies a P3P server privacy header to be returned with all responses.
  162: See http://www.w3.org/P3P/ for details.
  163: Thttpd doesn't do anything at all with the string except put it in the
  164: P3P: response header.
  165: The config-file option name for this flag is "p3p".
  166: .TP
  167: .B -M
  168: Specifies the number of seconds to be used in a "Cache-Control: max-age"
  169: header to be returned with all responses.
  170: An equivalent "Expires" header is also generated.
  171: The default is no Cache-Control or Expires headers,
  172: which is just fine for most sites.
  173: The config-file option name for this flag is "max_age".
  174: .TP
  175: .B -V
  176: Shows the current version info.
  177: .TP
  178: .B -D
  179: This was originally just a debugging flag, however it's worth mentioning
  180: because one of the things it does is prevent thttpd from making itself
  181: a background daemon.
  182: Instead it runs in the foreground like a regular program.
  183: This is necessary when you want to run thttpd wrapped in a little shell
  184: script that restarts it if it exits.
  185: .SH "CONFIG-FILE"
  186: .PP
  187: All the command-line options can also be set in a config file.
  188: One advantage of using a config file is that the file can be changed,
  189: and thttpd will pick up the changes with a restart.
  190: .PP
  191: The syntax of the config file is simple, a series of "option" or
  192: "option=value" separated by whitespace.
  193: The option names are listed above with their corresponding command-line flags.
  194: .SH "CHROOT"
  195: .PP
  196: chroot() is a system call that restricts the program's view
  197: of the filesystem to the current directory and directories
  198: below it.
  199: It becomes impossible for remote users to access any file
  200: outside of the initial directory.
  201: The restriction is inherited by child processes, so CGI programs get it too.
  202: This is a very strong security measure, and is recommended.
  203: The only downside is that only root can call chroot(), so this means
  204: the program must be started as root.
  205: However, the last thing it does during initialization is to
  206: give up root access by becoming another user, so this is safe.
  207: .PP
  208: The program can also be compile-time configured to always
  209: do a chroot(), without needing the -r flag.
  210: .PP
  211: Note that with some other web servers, such as NCSA httpd, setting
  212: up a directory tree for use with chroot() is complicated, involving
  213: creating a bunch of special directories and copying in various files.
  214: With thttpd it's a lot easier, all you have to do is make sure
  215: any shells, utilities, and config files used by your CGI programs and
  216: scripts are available.
  217: If you have CGI disabled, or if you make a policy that all CGI programs
  218: must be written in a compiled language such as C and statically linked,
  219: then you probably don't have to do any setup at all.
  220: .PP
  221: However, one thing you should do is tell syslogd about the chroot tree,
  222: so that thttpd can still generate syslog messages.
  223: Check your system's syslodg man page for how to do this.
  224: In FreeBSD you would put something like this in /etc/rc.conf:
  225: .nf
  226:     syslogd_flags="-l /usr/local/www/data/dev/log"
  227: .fi
  228: Substitute in your own chroot tree's pathname, of course.
  229: Don't worry about creating the log socket, syslogd wants to do that itself.
  230: (You may need to create the dev directory.)
  231: In Linux the flag is -a instead of -l, and there may be other differences.
  232: .PP
  233: Relevant config.h option: ALWAYS_CHROOT.
  234: .SH "CGI"
  235: .PP
  236: thttpd supports the CGI 1.1 spec.
  237: .PP
  238: In order for a CGI program to be run, its name must match the pattern
  239: specified either at compile time or on the command line with the -c flag.
  240: This is a simple shell-style filename pattern.
  241: You can use * to match any string not including a slash,
  242: or ** to match any string including slashes,
  243: or ? to match any single character.
  244: You can also use multiple such patterns separated by |.
  245: The patterns get checked against the filename
  246: part of the incoming URL.
  247: Don't forget to quote any wildcard characters so that the shell doesn't
  248: mess with them.
  249: .PP
  250: Restricting CGI programs to a single directory lets the site administrator
  251: review them for security holes, and is strongly recommended.
  252: If there are individual users that you trust, you can enable their
  253: directories too.
  254: .PP
  255: If no CGI pattern is specified, neither here nor at compile time,
  256: then CGI programs cannot be run at all.
  257: If you want to disable CGI as a security measure, that's how you do it, just
  258: comment out the patterns in the config file and don't run with the -c flag.
  259: .PP
  260: Note: the current working directory when a CGI program gets run is
  261: the directory that the CGI program lives in.
  262: This isn't in the CGI 1.1 spec, but it's what most other HTTP servers do.
  263: .PP
  264: Relevant config.h options: CGI_PATTERN, CGI_TIMELIMIT, CGI_NICE, CGI_PATH, CGI_LD_LIBRARY_PATH, CGIBINDIR.
  265: .SH "BASIC AUTHENTICATION"
  266: .PP
  267: Basic Authentication is available as an option at compile time.
  268: If enabled, it uses a password file in the directory to be protected,
  269: called .htpasswd by default.
  270: This file is formatted as the familiar colon-separated
  271: username/encrypted-password pair, records delimited by newlines.
  272: The protection does not carry over to subdirectories.
  273: The utility program thttpdpasswd(1) is included to help create and
  274: modify .htpasswd files.
  275: .PP
  276: Relevant config.h option: AUTH_FILE
  277: .SH "THROTTLING"
  278: .PP
  279: The throttle file lets you set maximum byte rates on URLs or URL groups.
  280: You can optionally set a minimum rate too.
  281: The format of the throttle file is very simple.
  282: A # starts a comment, and the rest of the line is ignored.
  283: Blank lines are ignored.
  284: The rest of the lines should consist of a pattern, whitespace, and a number.
  285: The pattern is a simple shell-style filename pattern, using ?/**/*, or
  286: multiple such patterns separated by |.
  287: .PP
  288: The numbers in the file are byte rates, specified in units of bytes per second.
  289: For comparison, a v.90 modem gives about 5000 B/s depending on compression,
  290: a double-B-channel ISDN line about 12800 B/s, and a T1 line is about
  291: 150000 B/s.
  292: If you want to set a minimum rate as well, use number-number.
  293: .PP
  294: Example:
  295: .nf
  296:   # throttle file for www.acme.com
  297: 
  298:   **              2000-100000  # limit total web usage to 2/3 of our T1,
  299:                                # but never go below 2000 B/s
  300:   **.jpg|**.gif   50000   # limit images to 1/3 of our T1
  301:   **.mpg          20000   # and movies to even less
  302:   jef/**          20000   # jef's pages are too popular
  303: .fi
  304: .PP
  305: Throttling is implemented by checking each incoming URL filename against all
  306: of the patterns in the throttle file.
  307: The server accumulates statistics on how much bandwidth each pattern
  308: has accounted for recently (via a rolling average).
  309: If a URL matches a pattern that has been exceeding its specified limit,
  310: then the data returned is actually slowed down, with
  311: pauses between each block.
  312: If that's not possible (e.g. for CGI programs) or if the bandwidth has gotten
  313: way larger than the limit, then the server returns a special code
  314: saying 'try again later'.
  315: .PP
  316: The minimum rates are implemented similarly.
  317: If too many people are trying to fetch something at the same time,
  318: throttling may slow down each connection so much that it's not really
  319: useable.
  320: Furthermore, all those slow connections clog up the server, using
  321: up file handles and connection slots.
  322: Setting a minimum rate says that past a certain point you should not
  323: even bother - the server returns the 'try again later" code and the
  324: connection isn't even started.
  325: .PP
  326: There is no provision for setting a maximum connections/second throttle,
  327: because throttling a request uses as much cpu as handling it, so
  328: there would be no point.
  329: There is also no provision for throttling the number of simultaneous
  330: connections on a per-URL basis.
  331: However you can control the overall number of connections for the whole
  332: server very simply, by setting the operating system's per-process file
  333: descriptor limit before starting thttpd.
  334: Be sure to set the hard limit, not the soft limit.
  335: .SH "MULTIHOMING"
  336: .PP
  337: Multihoming means using one machine to serve multiple hostnames.
  338: For instance, if you're an internet provider and you want to let
  339: all of your customers have customized web addresses, you might
  340: have www.joe.acme.com, www.jane.acme.com, and your own www.acme.com,
  341: all running on the same physical hardware.
  342: This feature is also known as "virtual hosts".
  343: There are three steps to setting this up.
  344: .PP
  345: One, make DNS entries for all of the hostnames.
  346: The current way to do this, allowed by HTTP/1.1, is to use CNAME aliases,
  347: like so:
  348: .nf
  349:   www.acme.com IN A 192.100.66.1
  350:   www.joe.acme.com IN CNAME www.acme.com
  351:   www.jane.acme.com IN CNAME www.acme.com
  352: .fi
  353: However, this is incompatible with older HTTP/1.0 browsers.
  354: If you want to stay compatible, there's a different way - use A records
  355: instead, each with a different IP address, like so:
  356: .nf
  357:   www.acme.com IN A 192.100.66.1
  358:   www.joe.acme.com IN A 192.100.66.200
  359:   www.jane.acme.com IN A 192.100.66.201
  360: .fi
  361: This is bad because it uses extra IP addresses, a somewhat scarce resource.
  362: But if you want people with older browsers to be able to visit your
  363: sites, you still have to do it this way.
  364: .PP
  365: Step two.
  366: If you're using the modern CNAME method of multihoming, then you can
  367: skip this step.
  368: Otherwise, using the older multiple-IP-address method you
  369: must set up IP aliases or multiple interfaces for the extra addresses.
  370: You can use ifconfig(8)'s alias command to tell the machine to answer to
  371: all of the different IP addresses.
  372: Example:
  373: .nf
  374:   ifconfig le0 www.acme.com
  375:   ifconfig le0 www.joe.acme.com alias
  376:   ifconfig le0 www.jane.acme.com alias
  377: .fi
  378: If your OS's version of ifconfig doesn't have an alias command, you're
  379: probably out of luck (but see http://www.acme.com/software/thttpd/notes.html).
  380: .PP
  381: Third and last, you must set up thttpd to handle the multiple hosts.
  382: The easiest way is with the -v flag, or the ALWAYS_VHOST config.h option.
  383: This works with either CNAME multihosting or multiple-IP multihosting.
  384: What it does is send each incoming request to a subdirectory based on the
  385: hostname it's intended for.
  386: All you have to do in order to set things up is to create those subdirectories
  387: in the directory where thttpd will run.
  388: With the example above, you'd do like so:
  389: .nf
  390:   mkdir www.acme.com www.joe.acme.com www.jane.acme.com
  391: .fi
  392: If you're using old-style multiple-IP multihosting, you should also create
  393: symbolic links from the numeric addresses to the names, like so:
  394: .nf
  395:   ln -s www.acme.com 192.100.66.1
  396:   ln -s www.joe.acme.com 192.100.66.200
  397:   ln -s www.jane.acme.com 192.100.66.201
  398: .fi
  399: This lets the older HTTP/1.0 browsers find the right subdirectory.
  400: .PP
  401: There's an optional alternate step three if you're using multiple-IP
  402: multihosting: run a separate thttpd process for each hostname, using
  403: the -h flag to specify which one is which.
  404: This gives you more flexibility, since you can run each of these processes
  405: in separate directories, with different throttle files, etc.
  406: Example:
  407: .nf
  408:   thttpd -r -d /usr/www -h www.acme.com
  409:   thttpd -r -d /usr/www/joe -u joe -h www.joe.acme.com
  410:   thttpd -r -d /usr/www/jane -u jane -h www.jane.acme.com
  411: .fi
  412: But remember, this multiple-process method does not work with CNAME
  413: multihosting - for that, you must use a single thttpd process with
  414: the -v flag.
  415: .SH "CUSTOM ERRORS"
  416: .PP
  417: thttpd lets you define your own custom error pages for the various
  418: HTTP errors.
  419: There's a separate file for each error number, all stored in one
  420: special directory.
  421: The directory name is "errors", at the top of the web directory tree.
  422: The error files should be named "errNNN.html", where NNN is the error number.
  423: So for example, to make a custom error page for the authentication failure
  424: error, which is number 401, you would put your HTML into the file
  425: "errors/err401.html".
  426: If no custom error file is found for a given error number, then the
  427: usual built-in error page is generated.
  428: .PP
  429: If you're using the virtual hosts option, you can also have different
  430: custom error pages for each different virtual host.
  431: In this case you put another "errors" directory in the top of that
  432: virtual host's web tree.
  433: thttpd will look first in the virtual host errors directory, and
  434: then in the server-wide errors directory, and if neither of those
  435: has an appropriate error file then it will generate the built-in error.
  436: .SH "NON-LOCAL REFERERS"
  437: .PP
  438: Sometimes another site on the net will embed your image files in their
  439: HTML files, which basically means they're stealing your bandwidth.
  440: You can prevent them from doing this by using non-local referer filtering.
  441: With this option, certain files can only be fetched via a local referer.
  442: The files have to be referenced by a local web page.
  443: If a web page on some other site references the files, that fetch will
  444: be blocked.
  445: There are three config-file variables for this feature:
  446: .TP
  447: .B urlpat
  448: A wildcard pattern for the URLs that should require a local referer.
  449: This is typically just image files, sound files, and so on.
  450: For example:
  451: .nf
  452:   urlpat=**.jpg|**.gif|**.au|**.wav
  453: .fi
  454: For most sites, that one setting is all you need to enable referer filtering.
  455: .TP
  456: .B noemptyreferers
  457: By default, requests with no referer at all, or a null referer, or a
  458: referer with no apparent hostname, are allowed.
  459: With this variable set, such requests are disallowed.
  460: .TP
  461: .B localpat
  462: A wildcard pattern that specifies the local host or hosts.
  463: This is used to determine if the host in the referer is local or not.
  464: If not specified it defaults to the actual local hostname.
  465: .SH SYMLINKS
  466: .PP
  467: thttpd is very picky about symbolic links.
  468: Before delivering any file, it first checks each element in the path
  469: to see if it's a symbolic link, and expands them all out to get the final
  470: actual filename.
  471: Along the way it checks for things like links with ".." that go above
  472: the server's directory, and absolute symlinks (ones that start with a /).
  473: These are prohibited as security holes, so the server returns an
  474: error page for them.
  475: This means you can't set up your web directory with a bunch of symlinks
  476: pointing to individual users' home web directories.
  477: Instead you do it the other way around - the user web directories are
  478: real subdirs of the main web directory, and in each user's home
  479: dir there's a symlink pointing to their actual web dir.
  480: .PP
  481: The CGI pattern is also affected - it gets matched against the fully-expanded
  482: filename.  So, if you have a single CGI directory but then put a symbolic
  483: link in it pointing somewhere else, that won't work.  The CGI program will be
  484: treated as a regular file and returned to the client, instead of getting run.
  485: This could be confusing.
  486: .SH PERMISSIONS
  487: .PP
  488: thttpd is also picky about file permissions.
  489: It wants data files (HTML, images) to be world readable.
  490: Readable by the group that the thttpd process runs as is not enough - thttpd
  491: checks explicitly for the world-readable bit.
  492: This is so that no one ever gets surprised by a file that's not set
  493: world-readable and yet somehow is readable by the HTTP server and
  494: therefore the *whole* world.
  495: .PP
  496: The same logic applies to directories.
  497: As with the standard Unix "ls" program, thttpd will only let you
  498: look at the contents of a directory if its read bit is on; but
  499: as with data files, this must be the world-read bit, not just the
  500: group-read bit.
  501: .PP
  502: thttpd also wants the execute bit to be *off* for data files.
  503: A file that is marked executable but doesn't match the CGI pattern
  504: might be a script or program that got accidentally left in the
  505: wrong directory.
  506: Allowing people to fetch the contents of the file might be a security breach,
  507: so this is prohibited.
  508: Of course if an executable file *does* match the CGI pattern, then it
  509: just gets run as a CGI.
  510: .PP
  511: In summary, data files should be mode 644 (rw-r--r--),
  512: directories should be 755 (rwxr-xr-x) if you want to allow indexing and
  513: 711 (rwx--x--x) to disallow it, and CGI programs should be mode
  514: 755 (rwxr-xr-x) or 711 (rwx--x--x).
  515: .SH LOGS
  516: .PP
  517: thttpd does all of its logging via syslog(3).
  518: The facility it uses is configurable.
  519: Aside from error messages, there are only a few log entry types of interest,
  520: all fairly similar to CERN Common Log Format:
  521: .nf
  522:   Aug  6 15:40:34 acme thttpd[583]: 165.113.207.103 - - "GET /file" 200 357
  523:   Aug  6 15:40:43 acme thttpd[583]: 165.113.207.103 - - "HEAD /file" 200 0
  524:   Aug  6 15:41:16 acme thttpd[583]: referer http://www.acme.com/ -> /dir
  525:   Aug  6 15:41:16 acme thttpd[583]: user-agent Mozilla/1.1N
  526: .fi
  527: The package includes a script for translating these log entries info
  528: CERN-compatible files.
  529: Note that thttpd does not translate numeric IP addresses into domain names.
  530: This is both to save time and as a minor security measure (the numeric
  531: address is harder to spoof).
  532: .PP
  533: Relevant config.h option: LOG_FACILITY.
  534: .PP
  535: If you'd rather log directly to a file, you can use the -l command-line
  536: flag.  But note that error messages still go to syslog.
  537: .SH SIGNALS
  538: .PP
  539: thttpd handles a couple of signals, which you can send via the
  540: standard Unix kill(1) command:
  541: .TP
  542: .B INT,TERM
  543: These signals tell thttpd to shut down immediately.
  544: Any requests in progress get aborted.
  545: .TP
  546: .B USR1
  547: This signal tells thttpd to shut down as soon as it's done servicing
  548: all current requests.
  549: In addition, the network socket it uses to accept new connections gets
  550: closed immediately, which means a fresh thttpd can be started up
  551: immediately.
  552: .TP
  553: .B USR2
  554: This signal tells thttpd to generate the statistics syslog messages
  555: immediately, instead of waiting for the regular hourly update.
  556: .TP
  557: .B HUP
  558: This signal tells thttpd to close and re-open its (non-syslog) log file,
  559: for instance if you rotated the logs and want it to start using the
  560: new one.
  561: This is a little tricky to set up correctly, for instance if you are using
  562: chroot() then the log file must be within the chroot tree, but it's
  563: definitely doable.
  564: .SH "SEE ALSO"
  565: redirect(8), ssi(8), makeweb(1), thttpdpasswd(1), syslogtocern(8), weblog_parse(1), http_get(1)
  566: .SH THANKS
  567: .PP
  568: Many thanks to contributors, reviewers, testers:
  569: John LoVerso, Jordan Hayes, Chris Torek, Jim Thompson, Barton Schaffer,
  570: Geoff Adams, Dan Kegel, John Hascall, Bennett Todd, KIKUCHI Takahiro,
  571: Catalin Ionescu.
  572: Special thanks to Craig Leres for substantial debugging and development,
  573: and for not complaining about my coding style very much.
  574: .SH AUTHOR
  575: Copyright © 1995,1998,1999,2000 by Jef Poskanzer <jef@mail.acme.com>.
  576: All rights reserved.
  577: .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  578: .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  579: .\" are met:
  580: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  581: .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  582: .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  583: .\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  584: .\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  585: .\"
  586: .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  587: .\" ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  588: .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  589: .\" ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  590: .\" FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  591: .\" DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  592: .\" OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  593: .\" HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  594: .\" LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  595: .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  596: .\" SUCH DAMAGE.

FreeBSD-CVSweb <freebsd-cvsweb@FreeBSD.org>